Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A new cell line having the ability to metastasize to the lungs in nude mice was established from GCH-1 (human choriocarcinoma cell line). Twenty CD-1 nude mice were injected with GCH-1 cells subcutaneously. A solitary metastatic pulmonary nodule appeared in only one of these mice. The pulmonary nodule was removed and minced, and the dissociated cells obtained were transplanted subcutaneously into new mice. By repeating this process, metastatic pulmonary nodules were seen clearly to have grown in size and number by the 4th transplantation. An in vitro cell line originating in the pulmonary lesion of the 5th transplantation was designated GCH-1 (m). Pulmonary metastasis occurred in all of the mice inoculated with GCH-1 (m) grown in vitro. The doubling time of the parent line GCH-1 and its subline GCH-1 (m) was 22.6 and 36.2 hours, respectively. GCH-1 (m) cells seemed to be heterogeneous in their size and shape compared with GCH-1 cells. GCH-1 (m) secreted more hCG and beta-hCG into the culture medium than GCH-1. By the immunoperoxidase technique using poly- or monoclonal antibodies, GCH-1 (m) showed a clear positive reaction but GCH-1 was only slightly positive for hCG and beta-hCG. Both GCH-1 and GCH-1 (m) were weakly positive for HLA-A, B,C and negative for HLA-DR, SP1 and hPL. Addition of the extracts from mouse lungs to the culture medium obviously promoted the growth of GCH-1 (m) but not of GCH-1.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Establishment and characterization of a cell line [GCH-1 (m)] highly metastasizing to the lung in nude mice]. 358 8

The phenotypic changes in human melanoma cells during the course of tumor progression were studied with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against the melanoma-associated antigens (MAA) M.2.2.4, H.2.8.10, K.1.2, A.1.43, and A.10.33, and HLA-(A,B,C and D). Cryostat sections of 172 primary melanomas of the skin, 157 melanoma metastases and 56 nevi were investigated with an indirect immunoperoxidase method. Phenotypic heterogeneity was observed within lesions at all stages, and also within different tumors of the same patients. Despite this heterogeneity, principles of antigen expression were found. From the reaction pattern of MAbs, the following classifications of antigens were derived: "constitutive" markers of nevomelanocytic cells (M.2.2.4 and H.2.8.10) were found expressed over a wide range of local and systemic tumors. One MAA, K.1.2 (Suter et al., 1985), that declines with progression of melanoma, was classified as an "early" antigen, whereas MAA that appear in primary melanoma in proportion to invasiveness, and which are expressed in metastases of lymph nodes and visceral organs (A.1.43, and A.10.33), were classified as "late" markers of tumor progression. HLA-antigens were classified as "intermediate" markers, HLA-A,B,C, as an "early-intermediate", and HLA-DR as a "late-intermediate" marker. The occurrence of class II HLA, A.1.43-, and A.10.33-positive tumor cells in primary melanoma indicates a high metastatic potential of tumors, independent of tumor thickness. The data show that local and systemic progression of melanoma is associated with qualitative changes in tumor cells which can be recognized by MAbs.
 ...
PMID:Phenotypic dynamics of tumor progression in human malignant melanoma. 386 Apr 79

Certain HLA antigens have been found to possess positive associations with a number of disease. Weak associations have been recognized for a number of malignancies. In our present study, we contemplated unraveling the relationship between HLA antigens and malignant bone and soft-tissue tumor. A homogeneous group of thirty Japanese patients underwent tissue-typing for the expression of HLA-A, B, DR and DQ antigens. Significant increases were noted in the frequencies of HLA-A 26, B 39 and DR blank antigens. When these subjects were subdivided into two groups according to their age of onset, the frequencies of HLA-A 26 and B 39 were noticed to be increased among the juvenile group only. Frequency of HLA-DR blank was increased in both groups. The frequency of HLA-B 12 was observed to be increased among those and especially in the juvenile group who developed pulmonary metastases within one year after initiation of treatment. Half of the ten poor prognosis cases carried this antigen. The etiological and prognostic significance of these findings remain to be determined.
 ...
PMID:Malignant bone and soft-tissue tumor and HLA. 386 5

Records of the 30 cases of gastric carcinoid at the Mayo Clinic showed that the gastric mucosa was normal, hyperplastic, or atrophic (nonantral) in 12, 2, or 16 patients, respectively. In the atrophic group, the tumors were in the gastric body and fundus; small, polypoid, and multicentric; and associated with fundal argyrophil cell hyperplasia. In immunocytochemical studies, minor tumor cell populations stained positively for 5-hydroxytryptamine, gastrin, and somatostatin in 1 case and for 5-hydroxytryptamine in 3 others. Metastasis occurred in 3 patients. Twelve patients had pernicious anemia. Parietal cell or intrinsic factor antibodies or both were present in all 12 patients tested. Each of the 7 patients with an intact antrum had massive hypergastrinemia. No common HLA-A, -B, or -DR antigen pattern was detected among the 10 patients tested. The results suggest that nonantral gastric atrophy predisposes to gastric carcinoid as well as to gastric carcinoma.
 ...
PMID:The syndrome of gastric argyrophil carcinoid tumors and nonantral gastric atrophy. 619 1

Using an indirect immunoperoxidase technique, 20 nevocellular nevi, 5 dysplastic nevi, 14 primary cutaneous melanomas, and 24 metastatic melanomas were tested with a panel of monoclonal antibodies to monomorphic determinants of Class I (HLA-A,B,C) and Class II (la-like) major histocompatibility complex antigens. Class I HLA and beta 2-microglobulins were not detected on the majority of nevus cells but were expressed by 3 of 5 dysplastic nevi, by the majority of tumor cells in 12 of 14 primary cutaneous melanomas, and in 13 of 24 metastases. The different expression of Class I HLA and beta 2-microglobulins in primary and metastatic lesions suggests that loss of these antigens may be associated with progression of malignancy. Class II HLA were not detected in common nevi but were locally present in 1 of 5 dysplastic nevi, 7 of 14 cases of primary cutaneous melanoma, and all 24 cases of metastatic lesions tested. These findings suggest that increase in Class II HLA expression may be associated with progression of malignancy. The staining patterns obtained with monoclonal antibodies to distinct determinants of Class I HLA and Class II HLA were superimposable within each type of antigen. Therefore, the discrepancies in the literature about the expression of histocompatibility antigens by lesions of melanocytic origin are not likely to reflect the different specificity of the antibodies used by the various investigators.
 ...
PMID:Immunohistochemical analysis of malignant melanomas and nevocellular nevi with monoclonal antibodies to distinct monomorphic determinants of HLA antigens. 620 49

Anchorage-independent growth of tumor cells constitutes a phenotype highly associated with malignant transformation and appears to be important in the ultimate event of tumor metastasis, i.e., secondary tumor colonization. The role of a specific, melanoma-associated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan population in anchorage-independent growth was assessed. Melanoma cells cultured in soft agar containing monoclonal antibody (mAb) 9.2.27, which recognizes such molecules on the surface of these cells, showed a 67-74% specific decrease in their colony formation. In contrast, neither mouse myeloma IgG nor monoclonal anti-HLA-A,B,C antibody (W6/32) had any effect on colony formation of the melanoma cells grown in soft agar. Human melanoma cells cultured in the presence of mAb 9.2.27 or W6/32 did not exhibit any changes in their DNA or protein synthetic metabolism. These findings suggest that 9.2.27-defined chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans on the surface of human melanoma cells may be involved in cell--cell interaction important in anchorage-independent growth.
 ...
PMID:Inhibition of anchorage-independent growth of human melanoma cells by a monoclonal antibody to a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan. 657 84

Indirect immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase staining of surgically removed tissues of nonlymphoid origin with monoclonal antibodies to the heavy and light chain of HLA-A,B,C antigens have shown that they have a more restricted tissue distribution than previously assumed. HLA-A,B,C antigens were not detected in brain cortex, cerebellum, sympathetic ganglia, hypophysis, parathyroid gland, thyroid, exocrine pancreas, hepatocytes, sperm, seminiferous tubules, or skeletal or smooth muscle. Malignant transformation of cells may be associated with appearance, changes in cellular distribution of HLA-A,B,C antigens, and/or dissociation in the expression of the two subunits. Analysis of primary tumors and of autologous metastases showed heterogeneity in the expression of HLA-A,B,C antigens among lesions removed from different sites. The degree of heterogeneity did not correlate with the site of origin of metastases.
 ...
PMID:Distribution of human Class I (HLA-A,B,C) histocompatibility antigens in normal and malignant tissues of nonlymphoid origin. 659 Jan 17

A homogeneous group of 53 Caucasian subjects with high-grade osteosarcoma (OS) was typed for HLA-A and B locus antigens. Although no significant differences in the distribution of these antigens were found in comparison with 425 local controls, a trend towards an increase of HLA-B18 and decrease of HLA-B12 was observed. All the patients underwent amputation plus adjuvant chemotherapy and among the 29 patients with a follow-up longer than one year, 9 out of 10 subjects with HLA-A3 antigens developed metastases within a few months. None of the OS patients had the HLA-A3, B7 haplotype which is present in linkage-disequilibrium in the control population.
 ...
PMID:Frequency and prognostic value of HLA antigens in osteosarcoma patients. 698 58

Surface expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I antigens on melanoma lines was evaluated by locus-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with three different techniques: Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), immunohistochemistry with cytospin preparation (ICP), and complement-mediated cytotoxicity (CMC). Eleven HLA class I-expressing cell lines developed from metastases were used. Specific expression of HLA loci was examined under routine culture conditions and after 48-h incubation in interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma; 500 U/ml). Loss of allelic expression was seen in one line (586-MEL): Products of genes coding for HLA-A29 and -B44, in strong linkage disequilibrium, were not detectable. HLA-A antigens were consistently detected by all methodologies and minimally affected by pretreatment with IFN-gamma. HLA-B antigens were detectable in 8 of 11 lines by ICP and 3 of 11 lines by CMC. By FACS the supratypic specificity HLA-Bw6 was expressed at low levels in most lines (mean fluorescence 47.2 +/- 13.4 and rose to 259.8 +/- 45.9 after incubation with IFN-gamma; p < 0.001). HLA-Cw antigen detection by CMC correlated with HLA-B (p < 0.01), suggesting that down-regulation and sensitivity to IFN-gamma are shared by the two loci. This low expression of the HLA-B antigens may play a role in the evasion of the host immune response and its up-regulation may be useful in allowing tumor antigen recognition.
 ...
PMID:Locus-specific analysis of human leukocyte antigen class I expression in melanoma cell lines. 808 56

In order to investigate the effects of in vivo treatment with interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) on melanoma antigens, a clinical EORTC trial (No. 18852) was accompanied by an immunohistological study. Twenty patients with melanoma metastases of skin and soft tissues, eventually also of the lung, who were treated with systemic IFN-alpha, were evaluated for a comparison of metastases before (40) and during (42) treatment. Representative cryostat sections were studied immunohistologically with a panel of monoclonal antibodies against differentiation antigens (HMW-MAA, K-1-2, NKI-beteb, M-2-10-15), progression markers (transferrin receptor, ICAM-1, VLA-2), histocompatibility antigens (HLA-A, B, C, HLA-DR) and the proliferation-associated nuclear antigen Ki67. We found an overall reduction of the proliferation-associated antigen Ki-67 (p < 0.01), and an increase in expression of HLA-DR (p < 0.05) and ICAM-1 (trend) during treatment. The intensity of expression of HLA-A, B and C antigens as well as pigmentation (p < 0.01) was found to be increased. Early progression (< or = 8 weeks after onset of treatment) was associated with a lack of phenotypic changes. The data suggest an independent modulation of proliferation, pigmentation, and antigen expression by systemic treatment of metastatic melanoma with IFN-alpha.
 ...
PMID:Effects of systemic interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) on the antigenic phenotype of melanoma metastases. EORTC melanoma group cooperative study No. 18852. 810 70


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 Next >>