Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An autopsy case of malignant pheochromocytoma arising in the organ of Zuckerkandl is reported, of which distant metastases were found in the liver and lymph nodes. The biochemical and electron microscopic findings from the tumor tissue showed noradrenaline-secreting type. It was revealed that sex ratio in malignant pheochromocytoma was more prominent in the female, and the frequency of extra-adrenal origin was higher in malignant pheochromocytoma than in benign one from comparative study of reported cases of malignant pheochromocytoma.
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PMID:Malignant pheochromocytoma arising in the organ of Zuckerkandl--a clinicopathological study. 73 11

In order to examine tumour growth in sympathetically denervated murine skin, two breast cancer tumour lines were employed, i.e. M3 tumours, of a relatively high local growth and low metastatic capacity, and MM3-LN tumours, that grew locally at a slower rate but disseminated early to the lung. Mice subjected to unilateral superior cervical ganglionectomy or sham-operation 2 weeks earlier were used. M3 or MM3-LN tumours were implanted in the ipsilateral ear to the surgical procedure. Tumour size was assessed every 2-6 days, starting from the 7th day after tumour implantation. Growth of M3 and MM3-LN tumours was significantly slowed by a previous sympathetic denervation of the skin territory. There were no significant differences in the number or size of pulmonary metastases at autopsy between mice subjected to ganglionectomy or to sham-operation. Ganglionectomy increased significantly ipsilateral submaxillary lymph node ornithine decarboxylase activity by 62% and decreased noradrenaline content to 8% of the innervated contralateral lymph node. The present results indicate a local inhibitory modulation of tumour growth by the sympathetic nervous system.
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PMID:Slower growth of tumours in sympathetically denervated murine skin. 203 Feb 62

Fourteen women performed treadmill exercise for continuous 10-minute periods at levels of 2, 3 and 4 mets in the second and third trimester of pregnancy and again postpartum. The percentage increase in heart rate in response to exercise was similar during pregnancy and postpartum while systolic blood pressure was increased only during pregnancy. Maternal plasma noradrenaline levels at peak exercise increased 64% (p less than 0.005), 42% (p less than 0.005) and 29% (NS) in the 3 studies respectively compared to resting levels at these times. Ten women experienced increased uterine activity during the exercise or recovery periods. Fetal heart rate was increased (p less than 0.05) by exercise but this was independent of uterine contractions and plasma noradrenaline levels.
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PMID:Fetal heart rate and maternal cardiovascular and catecholamine responses to dynamic exercise. 343 60

A case of malignant phaeochromocytoma is reported. Computerized tomography and scintigraphy using metaiodobenzylguanidine localized the tumour and metastases. The anesthetic management included invasive monitoring of pulmonary pressures with a Swan-Ganz catheter and arterial pressure with a radial arterial cannula. Plasma catecholamine concentrations were measured before and during adrenalectomy and resection of a metastatic lesion on the fourth right rib. Induction of anaesthesia was carried out with droperidol, phenoperidine, thiopentone and pancuronium. After intravenous administration of droperidol, blood pressure increased together with the heart rate, vascular resistances and pulmonary pressure, whilst cardiac output decreased. Plasma noradrenaline levels were also greatly increased at the same time. The mechanism of this paradoxic pressor effect of droperidol is discussed.
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PMID:[Anesthesia for the surgery of malignant pheochromocytoma. Hypertensive crisis after the administration of droperidol]. 361 54

The clinical manifestations of 253 neuroblastoma cases in childhood, treated in Denmark from 1943 to 1980, were reviewed. Most striking was the vagueness of symptoms in the majority of patients, only a few of whom exhibited the symptoms strongly suggestive of a neuroblastoma (i.e. the Horner syndrome, the watery diarrhoea syndrome, the dancing eye syndrome). The vagueness of the symptoms might have led to fatal procrastination of the diagnosis. The diagnostic delay has, however, no independent prognostic significance for survival in our patients (p = 0.09). The maximal tumour spread was recorded for all 253 patients, and the distribution of metastases was in accordance with the "soil-seed" hypothesis. The tumour spreads with equal frequency by local growth, by lymphatic vessels to distant lymph nodes, and by blood to bone. Only in widely disseminated tumours are metastases to the lungs, the meninges, the brain, and the reproductive organs seen to occur. Eighty-five percent of the patients, for whom data were available, excreted VMA above the normal value for their age, and 43% excreted Norepinephrine + Epinephrine (N + E) above normal levels. The excretion of both VMA and N + E was significantly correlated to stage, and thus to prognosis. Neither the level of VMA excretion nor the level of N + E had any bearing on the survival when age and stage were adjusted for. Serial VMA and N + E determinations show that patients with normal values for these parameters had significantly better prognosis than patients with elevated values during the first, second, third and fourth trimesters after the initiation of treatment. Increasing values in the individual patient were associated with a poor prognosis. We found no correlation between the initial leucocyte count and survival when age and stage were adjusted for.
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PMID:Signs, symptoms, metastatic spread and metabolic behavior of neuroblastomas treated in Denmark during the period 1943-1980. 363 7

A clonidine-suppression test was carried out in 8 patients with arterial hypertension, raised urinary and plasma catecholamine levels and symptoms suggesting the presence of a pheochromocytoma. In 6 of the patients clonidine reduced the plasma catecholamine concentrations and no pathological findings were seen in the abdominal computed tomogram (CT). In 2 patients noradrenaline levels were excessively high and not lowered by clonidine; in one of these patients the plasma adrenaline concentration was also raised and this too could not be reduced with clonidine. A tumor was detectable in both patients using CT, in one case situated in the left adrenal, in the other extra-medullary. On operation both were found to be a pheochromocytoma. Peritoneal and intra-hepatic metastases were discovered during surgery in the case of the extramedullary localized tumor. The clonidine-suppression test was repeated postoperatively in both patients: it was normal in the case of the completely excised, intramedullary situated tumor but still pathological in the other. Thus the clonidine-suppression test is useful in the diagnosis and post-surgical assessment of pheochromocytoma.
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PMID:[The clonidine inhibition test: an aid in the diagnosis and postoperative therapeutic control in pheochromocytoma]. 402 93

One patient with benign and another with malignant pheochromocytoma have been studied in an attempt to elucidate the effect of increased catecholamines on the response of blood sugar, unesterified fatty acids, insulin and growth hormone to a glucose load. The presence of increased catecholamines in both patients appeared to produce increased fasting plasma unesterified fatty acid levels, carbohydrate intolerance and an unusual plasma growth hormone response to glucose. There was no interference with the normal decrease in plasma unesterified fatty acids after glucose ingestion. The malignant tumour, but not the benign one, was associated with low plasma insulin levels.After removal of the benign tumour the fasting unesterified fatty acid levels became normal. In addition, following glucose ingestion there appeared to be a more normal plasma insulin and growth hormone response and improved glucose tolerance. After removal of the primary malignant tumour it is noteworthy that the distant metastases secreted abnormal amounts of both adrenaline and noradrenaline.
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PMID:Hormonal and metabolic studies in pheochromocytoma. 542 31

The response of tumor vessels to vasoactive substances could provide useful information on experimental tumor biology. We have studied the effects of noradrenaline (20 micrograms/kg i.v.) on cardiac output (%CO) distribution in C57BL/6J mice bearing syngeneic Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL) and BALB/c mice with JW sarcoma (JWS). Mice were studied at different stages during tumor growth using microspheres labeled with 57Co (basal determination) or 58Co (after noradrenaline or saline). In control C57BL/6J mice noradrenaline induced a redistribution of CO, with an increase in the heart and brain and a decrease in the kidneys and hind limb muscle CO fractions (%CO). In 3LL-bearing mice the %CO to the tumor was not changed by noradrenaline 1 week after implantation but was significantly less after 2 and 3 weeks. %CO to the total lung tissue or to isolated metastases did not change after noradrenaline. In control BALB/c mice noradrenaline increased the %CO to the brain and decreased that to the kidneys and hind limb muscle. In JWS-bearing mice the %CO to the tumor was reduced 2 weeks after implantation, was not changed after 4 weeks and was increased after 6 weeks. These results suggest that tumor vessel reactivity to a vasoactive substance may change markedly during various phases of tumor growth and may differ in different experimental models.
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PMID:Cardiac output redistribution induced by noradrenaline in two murine tumor models. 668 43

Endocrine manifestations were absent in a patient presenting with pain in the left peri-umbilical region from a paraganglioma of the organs of Zuckerkandl. The authors describe the embryology of paragangliomas and review the published literature concerning the noradrenaline-secreting forms of these tumors. Only 86 references to those of Zuckerkandl, situated on the side of the aorta in relation to the inferior mesenteric artery, were found. Diagnosis of non-secreting forms is confirmed by arteriography which in this present case demonstrated three pedicles arising from the inferior mesenteric, celiac, and one of the lumbar arteries respectively. The only evidence of malignancy is the presence of metastases. Their diagnosis is therefore difficult but essential as one-third of the localisations of malignant pheochromocytomas (10 p. cent of pheochromocytomas) outside of the adrenals affect the organs of Zuckerkandl.
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PMID:[Paraganglioma of the organs of Zuckerkandl. A case report (author's transl)]. 720 15

Catecholamines and cortisol in blood were studied in 91 lung cancer patients and in 11 patients with benign neoplasms in the lung. The investigation peformed has shown a certain dependence between the process stage and the sympatho-adrenal system functioning. Total amount of catecholamines is increased as the disease progresses, reaching the maximum at stage III and is sharply decreased at stage IV. A correlation between adrenaline and noradrenaline is changed in favour of a relative predominance of the adrenal link in the sympatho-adrenal system. The cortisol level during the malignant tumor growth is changed in an undular fashion and is mostly raised in patients with stage I and II. The development of metastases is associated with some tendency toward raising catecholamines level and lowering the functional activity of the adrenal cortex.
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PMID:[Functional state of the adrenals in lung cancer]. 741 47


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