Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Between 1977 and April in 1989, long-term survivors (over two years) by intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy in gastric cancer patients with liver metastases were examined. The materials were 5 patients (4 synchronous, 1 metachronous metastases) among 21 P0H (+) gastric cancers. The extent of liver metastases shows 1 H1 and 4 H2. Reduction surgery was performed in 4 H2 patients (2 S2 + 3, 1 S4, 1 S6) and postoperative intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy via the catheter in the common hepatic artery was done to control the residual liver metastases. Continuous intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy with the regimen of FML (5-FU, MMC, Lentinan) revealed 100% response rate (3 CR, 1 PR). In a patient with metachronous metastases, PR was obtained with MA (MMC, ADM) + one-shot intra-arterial infusion of LAK cells. Among 5 patients, one with synchronous metastases has survived 35 months, followed by a patient who died after 32 months and two patients who died after 27 months. A patient with metachronous metastases has survived for 24 months.
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PMID:[Over two years survival of intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy in gastric cancer with liver metastases]. 250 30

Fifty-two (52) patients with nonresectable hepatic-only metastases from colorectal carcinoma (tumor volume less than 75%) were treated by intraarterial FUdR, 0.2 mg/kg/d x 14 days/month (IA) using implantable pumps (Infusaid). They were randomized either for IA or for IA + systemic 5-FU 700 mg/m2/d x 3 days/month (IA/IV). Forty-six (46) patients were evaluable (26 IA; 20 IA/IV). Both groups were comparable in respect to primary tumor stage, age, liver function tests, tumor markers and extent of tumor infiltration. Twenty-six (26) patients (56%) demonstrated a complete (CR) or partial response (PR) with at least a 50% decrease in CEA levels and a significant tumor volume reduction (IA 50%; IA/IV 65%). Quality of response was significantly correlated with median survival (MS) time of 25 months for CR and PR. Approximate MS for IA and IA/IV was 16 and 19.5 months, respectively, and approximate median survival time to extra- and/or intrahepatic progression was 9 months (IA) and 11 months (IA/IV). Incidence of extrahepatic recurrence was not influenced by any treatment (IA 62%; IA/IV 60%). Overall approximate median time to occurrence of extrahepatic disease was 12.5 months (IA 13; IA/IV 10). Liver disease progression was observed in 38 patients (IA 85%; IA/IV 80%). A median time of 8 months to diagnosis of liver disease progression was calculated for IA, and IA/IV was 11.5 months. Incidence of chemical hepatitis for IA and IA/IV was 54 and 45%, while biliary sclerosis occurred in 15% and 10% of the cases, respectively, and did not correlate with response rates. Systemic side effects (25%) were only observed in the IA/IV group and induced significantly more interruptions of therapy than in the IA group. It is concluded from this study that additional systemic 5-FU treatment does not prevent the occurrence of extrahepatic disease under local chemotherapy of the liver.
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PMID:Prevention of extrahepatic disease during intraarterial floxuridine of colorectal liver metastases by simultaneous systemic 5-fluorouracil treatment? A prospective multicenter study. 253 92

To investigate the characteristics in antitumor effects of 2-trimethylsilylethylthioethylamine(KAS-010) and its conjugate with 5-FU (KAS-011), the antitumor and immunomodulating activities of these silicon compounds were examined with various systems. Both KAS-010 and KAS-011 administered orally was found to be effective to B 16 melanoma, Meth A sarcoma and MM 46 mammary carcinoma in vivo. On the other hand, KAS-011 administered orally exhibited a marked antitumor activity against L 1210 leukemia bearing mice. Furthermore, these silicon compounds inhibited significantly metastases to the lymph nodes and lung of Lewis lung carcinoma implanted id into the right ear of BDF1 mice. Especially, KAS-011 in combination with tumor amputation resulted in a remarkable prolongation of the survival time (% ILS: 93.8%) in this antimetastatic model. The cell killing effect was mainly dependent on the exposure time of these silicon compounds in cultured KB and human lung cancer (OAT) cells. Moreover, a significant increase of delayed type hypersensitivity reaction (DTHR) to sheep red blood cell (SRBC) induced by KAS-010 was seen in old aged mice. The DTHR in B 16 melanoma and Ehrlich carcinoma bearing mice treated with KAS-010 was significantly higher than those of non-treated tumor bearing mice, indicating an enhanced cellular immunity to KAS-010 possibly resulting in a remarked antitumor effect. We also found that tumor free mice treated these silicon compounds were acquired specific tumor immunity to Meth A sarcoma and MM 46 mammary carcinoma.
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PMID:[Characteristics in antitumor effects of organic silicon related compounds]. 254 47

Thirty patients with Stage III non-small cell lung cancer were entered on a trial to evaluate the feasibility of combined radiation and concomitant 5-fluorouracil infusion. Patients had received prior debulking surgery (nine), induction chemotherapy (16), or no therapy (five). Radiation employed standard fractionation (180-200 rad/day) administered to a median cumulative dose of 5500 rad (range, 4500-6200 rad). 5-Fluorouracil was infused 24 hours per day throughout the period of radiation at a dose of 300 mg/m2/day for a median of 42 days (range, 28-56 days). Radiation complications included pneumonitis three of 30 (10%) and esophagitis (27%). Chemotherapy complications included stomatitis, two of 27 (7%), and hand-foot syndrome, three of 30 (10%). Treatment interruptions were necessary in six of 30 (20%) and four of 30 required parenteral nutrition. At a median follow-up of 12 months 26/30 (87%) maintained local control and eight had distant metastases (three of whom presented with Stage IV disease). 5-Fluorouracil delivered continuously throughout standard fractionation radiation to high cumulative doses is feasible and practical. Comparative clinical trials of the various combined radiation and chemotherapy schedules employed are in order. One additional clinical observation was the identification of six of 30 (20%) with brain metastases at presentation or after 12 months, all of whom had adenocarcinoma histologic subtype.
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PMID:Concomitant 5-fluorouracil infusion and high-dose radiation for stage III non-small cell lung cancer. 254 5

Since 1987, 14 patients (10 colorectal, 3 gastric and 1 lung cancer) with unresectable liver metastases received intra-arterial infusion chemo-embolization therapy using implantable infusion port. All patients had more than one lesion in bilateral lobe (H2 and H3). Infusion catheters were placed in the proper hepatic artery through the gastroduodenal artery on laparotomy. Infusion ports were implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of the abdominal wall. Various kinds of chemotherapeutic agents such as MMC, ADR, THP-ADR, CDDP and 5-FU were injected with embolization material (DSM or Lipiodol), every 1 to 4 weeks at the outpatient clinic. Among 10 cases of H2 grade metastases, 1 CR and 3 PR (40% clinical response) were obtained. However, all 4 cases of H3 grade were judged PD. All patients except one with H2 grade metastases are still alive, but 3 out of 4 with H3 grade died within 7 to 11 months. Catheter occlusion was observed in 4 cases for 3 to 7 months. Infection around the port occurred in 1 patient. A patient with metastatic liver cancer was treated by intermittent bolus injection with MMC and DSM. Partial response was confirmed by CT and tumor markers. Histological response was demonstrated in the specimen obtained at partial hepatectomy. It is concluded that this treatment is variable to prolong the survival of patients with H2 grade metastatic liver cancer, together with maintenance of the quality of life.
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PMID:[Chemo-embolization therapy of unresectable liver metastases using implantable infusion port]. 255 Dec 30

Hepatocellular carcinoma is known to have a doubling time of approximately 41 days. This rapid cell division suggested that hyperfractionated radiation and chemotherapy might add an advantage in gaining remission of this malignancy. One hundred and thirty-five patients (70% with metastasis and/or previous treatment) were prospectively treated with single daily fractions to the liver (3.0 Gy external beam radiation, total dose 21.0 Gy), and chemotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. The low dose chemotherapy used in conjunction with the radiation was 2 hr before treatment on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 and consisted of Adriamycin, 15 mg IV and 5-FU, 500 mg IV. These patients were compared to a second group of 59 patients (80% with metastases and/or previous treatment) treated using the same chemotherapy regimen but using hyperfractionated whole liver external beam irradiation (1.2 Gy twice daily, 4 hr between treatments, 5 days per week to 24.0 Gy, 10 MV photons). Response was determined by CT scan tumor volumetric analysis. The response rate for the single daily fraction patient group was 22% and for the new hyperfractionated group, 18% (p = 0.68). Toxicity was evaluated by RTOG criteria. The grade 4 hematologic toxicity noted in the daily fraction patient group was 6%. Among 59 patients treated with the hyperfractionated liver irradiation, 2% experienced grade 4 hematologic toxicity. Esophagitis occurred in 1% of patients in the standard fractionation group and 19% in the hyperfractionated group (p = 0.0001). Grade 1-4 thrombocytopenia occurred in 49% of patients in the conventional group and 68% in the hyperfractionated group (p = 0.03). Normal liver volume changes with treatment were measured with CT scan tumor volumetric analysis. The hyperfractionated group experienced a median of 11 cc increase in liver volume and the conventional group a 46 cc decrease, but the difference was not significant. Hyperfractionated radiation did not demonstrate a significant benefit over standard daily radiation, but acute toxicity appeared to be higher.
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PMID:194 hepatocellular cancers treated by radiation and chemotherapy combinations: toxicity and response: a Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Study. 255 7

A group of 23 consecutive patients with biopsy-proven advanced or metastatic head and neck cancer were treated with cisplatinum, 100 mg/m2 i.v., on day 1 plus 5-fluorouracil, 1000 mg/m2, in continuous infusion for 5 days. Most patients (87%) had recurrent or metastatic cancer and were previously treated (78%). Out of 21 evaluable patients we obtained a 42% overall response rate (complete + partial responses) with a mean duration of more than 8 months and a 14% minimal response rate. A stabilization of disease was achieved in 28% of cases, while 14% of patients progressed. This response rate, as well as the duration of response, seems to be similar to those obtained in other series comprising previously treated patients with advanced or metastatic head and neck carcinoma. The toxicity was generally acceptable, with few cases of grade 3 (WHO criteria) toxicity. However most patients required hospitalization because of the length of treatment. In conclusion the response rate and the duration of responses obtained with cisplatinum plus a 5-day infusion of 5-FU in advanced or metastatic pretreated patients is, at present, unsatisfactory, even if the impact on survival is still not entirely clear.
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PMID:Cis-diamminodichloroplatinum plus a 5-day continuous infusion of 5-fluorouracil in the treatment of locally recurrent and metastatic head and neck cancer patients. 260 33

In 23 patients with peritoneal, pleural oder pericardial metastases the efficacy of intracavitary tumor therapy was investigated. 5-FU was administered intracavitary in all patients combined with systemic chemotherapy. 8 partial responses (34%) were achieved.
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PMID:Intracavitary 5-fluoro-uracil (5-FU) in combination with systemic chemotherapy. 260 16

Intraportal continuous infusion of 5-FU (600 mg/m2/24 h during 7 days) was administered in the immediate postoperative course of 6 consecutive patients with colorectal metastases resected for cure (one segmentectomy and 5 nonanatomical local resections). One month later, a systemic continuous infusion of 5-FU was delivered at the same dose. The tolerance of intraportal chemotherapy was good despite 2 patients with mild digestive toxicity. The plasma concentrations of both unchanged 5-FU and 5,6-dihydro-5-FU (the primary metabolite of 5-FU), were determined in 2 patients using Gas Chromatography--Mass Spectrometry. The 5-FU clearance was higher after intraportal infusion than after systemic infusion (x 1.5 to 3). Hepatic extraction was variable (0.32-0.70) and lower than in reported experimental data on dogs (0.90-0.99). 5,6-dihydro-5-FU concentrations were constantly higher than 5-FU concentrations in plasma. The patient with lower hepatic extraction had the higher 5,6-dihydro-5-FU plasma concentrations. These findings suggest a predominant extrahepatic formation of plasmatic 5,6-dihydro-5-FU.
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PMID:[Early adjuvant intraportal chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil after hepatic resection of colorectal metastasis: a preliminary clinical and pharmacokinetic study]. 263 40

The epidemiology, histopathology, diagnosis and staging, and treatment of prostate cancer are reviewed. Prostate cancer, one of the most common malignancies occurring in men over age 50, will strike an estimated 103,000 men in the United States in 1989. More than 95% of prostatic tumors are adenocarcinomas. Tumors are graded on the basis of their degree of differentiation. Most afflicted men initially complain of difficulty in starting the urinary stream and of urinary bleeding, dribbling, and retention. Urinary obstruction may be present in advanced disease, and anemia, anorexia, and bone pain are common in metastatic disease. Prostatectomy and irradiation are used to treat disease localized to the prostate; the prognosis for such patients is good. Survival is diminished in cases of locally advanced and metastatic disease. Symptomatic metastatic disease is treated by hormonal manipulation through orchiectomy and administration of exogenous estrogens (diethylstilbestrol), luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogs (leuprolide and goserelin), and antiandrogens (cyproterone acetate, flutamide, and others). Some 70-80% of patients respond to hormonal therapy for periods of up to three years. After relapse occurs, salvage hormonal therapies (aminoglutethimide and ketoconazole) may be attempted to prolong survival. Fluorouracil, doxorubicin, mitomycin, cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and estramustine have also been administered, with mixed results. Once relapse occurs in prostate cancer patients after initial hormonal therapy, the response to salvage hormonal or cytotoxic therapy is minimal; in the future, total androgen blockade and methods of decreasing drug resistance may be used to prolong survival.
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PMID:Treatment of prostate cancer. 266 30


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