Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Estracyt, a conjugate of an alkylating agent with an oestrogenic sterol, was given in a dose of 420 mg daily to a group of 44 postmenopausal patients with very advanced breast carcinoma. Thirty-eight of these were in relapse following chemotherapy and 32 had evidence of distant metastases. Seventeen patients had an objective response and marked or complete alleviation of symptoms, four others had a useful symptomatic response but no beneficial effect was observed in the remainder. Three who had shown no response to previous oestrogen therapy also failed to respond to Estracyt as did all nine patients with hepatic metastases. Oestrogen receptor status and age within the postmenopausal group seemed to have no bearing on the result. Side-effects were minimal with nausea in 18 patients but in only two did this necessitate withdrawal of the drug. Bone marrow depression did not occur. Changes in acute-phase reactant proteins suggested that part of the Estracyt was de-esterified in the liver liberating oestrone but the low incidence of vaginal haemorrhage and the recalcification of bony metastases suggested that on the whole Estracyt behaves as an anti-oestrogen as well as an antimitotic.
 ...
PMID:Estracyt in advanced carcinoma of the breast: a phase II study. 8 4

40 patients with prostatic carcinoma were treated with parenteral and/or oral Estracyt (estramustine phosphate) until 55 months. Metastases were present in 37 patients (stage D). 35 of the 40 patients developed metastases in spite of estrogen therapy and/or orchidectomy. Diminution of metastasic bone pain as well as improvement of hydroureteronephrosis was frequently observed. Paraplegia secondary to metastatic disease improved in 1 case for 6 months. Side effects were relatively rare and were mainly gastrointestinal. A possible hepatotoxic action of the compound has been pointed out previously. On the basis of our studies Estracyt is recommended in the treatment of primary estrogen resistent prostatic carcinoma and in metastatic carcinoma of the prostate not responding to conventional antiandrogenic therapy anymore.
 ...
PMID:[Treatment of advanced carcinoma of the prostate with Estracyt (author's transl)]. 82 40

40 patients with inoperable, histologically proved carcinoma of the prostate were treated with estramustine phosphate. 35 patients had progressive, symptomatic, metastatic disease unresponsive to conventional oestrogens and/or castration Estramustine phosphate was given intravenously initially at a dose of 150 mg/day increasing to 300 mg/day. After 3 weeks or more oral therapy was substituted in 23 patients at a dose of 560 mg/day. Of 23 evaluable patients given the drug by both routes, 17 died after a mean treatment period of 12.5 months and 6 are alive and well after a mean treatment period of 27.7 months. The cause of death in 2 patients was probably, and in a third certainly, due to myocardial infarction. The other 31 deaths were due to carcinoma of the prostate. 18 patients showed transient toxic side-effects. No haematological abnormalities were found during treatment. An attempt at active treatment with estramustine phosphate in patients with prostatic cancer is justified when the disease is resistant to treatment with conventional oestrogens.
 ...
PMID:Treatment of advanced carcinoma of the prostate with estramustine phosphate. 83 52

The clinical results with estramustine phosphate in far-advanced carcinoma of the prostate refractory to other treatments are presented. Good clinical results have been achieved in about 40 percent of the 90 patients treated and regression of metastases has occurred in about 20 percent. Estramustine phosphate in the primary treatment of far-advanced carcinoma of the prostate shows very good and promising clinical results. A total of 132 patients were treated.
 ...
PMID:Clinical results with estramustine phosphate (NSC-89199): a comparison of the intravenous and oral preparations. 109 71

Estramustine phosphate has been used as primary treatment in 38 patients with advanced prostatic carcinoma. Of these 38 patients 36 responded objectively to treatment, regression occurring in 10 patients with soft tissue metastases, 3 with pulmonary metastases and 3 with bony metastases. Primary cytotoxic treatment in patients with far advanced prostatic carcinoma is advocated and a randomized clinical study is suggested.
 ...
PMID:Primary treatment of prostatic carcinoma with estramustine phosphate: preliminary report. 124 70

Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in men over 70. Chronic course of the disease and multiple therapeutic options allow a customized management of the patient's individual problems. Prognostic factors are stage, size of primary tumors, serum acid phosphatase levels, number of metastases, ureteral obstruction and patient's age. In localized disease, surgery and radiation therapy are equally effective for patients with a life expectancy less than or equal to 10 years. Surgery may be superior to radiation if longer survival is expected. In locally advanced disease radiation therapy is preferred to surgery, due to a lower rate of complications. Management of metastatic disease requires offsetting androgen effects by castration or by antiandrogens. Orchiectomy, the safest way to produce castration, is unacceptable to 50% of patients. LHRH analogs are safer than estrogens, but more expensive; the risk of tumor flare up controindicates these compounds in life-threatening situations. The use of ketoconazole is limited by long-term toxicity, but may be life-saving in life-threatening situations, due to a rapid onset of action. Antiandrogens are as effective as castration, but are not commercially available in the USA. Alternative treatments include Estracyt, intermittent estrogentherapy, progesterone derivative and aminogluthetimide. Radical prostatectomy and radiation therapy to the prostate cause erectile impotence with persistence of orgasmic sensations. These patients are ideal candidates for erection-restoring interventions, such as intrapenile injections or penile implants.
 ...
PMID:Prostate cancer: a model of cancer in the elderly. 266 Jul 61

We set forth the results obtained after application of a hormonal protocol in prostate carcinoma (P.C.) on 257 patients controlled between June 1976 and June 1987, of whom we have selected 160 who fulfilled the following requirements: under 80 years old, confirmed anatomopathological diagnosis, state equal to or above the T1 of the Union International contre le Cancer (U.I.C.C.) classification, tolerance of treatment applied, clinical, analytical and complete, systematic iconographic follow up and minimum survival of more than one year. We treated those patients with localised P.C. (they have no demonstrable metastases), who in our series numbered 78 (78/160), with Diethylethylbestrol (D.E.S.) at an orally administered dose of 1 mgr. a day. In these the plasma testosterone dropped below 100 nanograms/l. in 57 cases (57/79). In this case metastases appeared in 22 cases (22/78). We treated those patients with metastatized P.C., who in our series numbered 59 (59/160), with orally administered Estramustine Phosphate (Estracyt) at a dose of 560 mgr. every 24 h. in two goes. In these the plasma testosterone dropped below 100 nanograms/l. in 50 cases (50/59). In this group the metastases disappeared in 7 patients, became stabilized in 30 and worsened in the other 22 patients. We carried out surgical orchiectomy on 49 patients (49/160): in 17 cases due to associate vascular pathology, in 13 cases for sociocultural reasons, in 5 cases because of advanced age and in 14 cases it was conducted on patients with a poor response to D.E.S.
 ...
PMID:[Hormonal treatment of cancer of the prostate]. 267 37

The concentration in serum of testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), and albumin has been measured, and from these measurements free testosterone has been calculated in 75 patients with carcinoma of the prostate treated with either bilateral orchidectomy, stilbestrol, or estramustine phosphate (Estracyt). After exclusion of 3 noncompliant patients, total testosterone did not differ significantly between treatments, but free testosterone was lower in estrogen-treated patients (5.9 +/- 0.9 (SEM) pmol/l, n = 28) compared with the orchidectomized patients (23 +/- 1.4 pmol/l, n = 44) (P less than 0.001); all of the estrogen-treated patients falling in the lower third of the range of the orchidectomized patients. Free testosterone did not change systematically during several years of treatment and there was no evidence of a rise with clinical deterioration. In the 33 patients with metastatic cancer treated with orchidectomy, the third with the lowest free testosterone or total testosterone showed a better survival over 2 years than the two-thirds with higher free or total testosterone; thereafter, the advantage was lost.
 ...
PMID:Relationship of testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin, and calculated free testosterone to subsequent clinical progress in patients with carcinoma of the prostate treated with bilateral orchidectomy or estrogens. 365 25

Eighty-two patients with invasive malignant melanoma and no distant metastases were prospectively randomized following their surgical treatment to 1) observation; 2) chemotherapy with Dacarbazine (DTIC) 200 mg/M2 I.V. daily X 5 every 4 weeks and Estracyt 15 mg/kg orally daily for 1 year; and 3) immunotherapy with TICE BCG 1 ml to an area of scarification near the primary site, every 4 weeks for 1 year. At a median follow-up of 73.4 months 31 patients (38%) have relapsed. There was no significant difference in survival according to the treatment, but a weak effect on the course of the disease by either of the treatment protocols cannot be ruled out due to the small sample of patients. Survival and disease-free interval varied significantly according to the histologic status of the regional nodes. The estimated 5-year disease-free rate of patients with negative nodes was 85% and for those with positive nodes it was 35% (P less than 0.0001).
 ...
PMID:Adjuvant treatment of malignant melanoma with DTIC + estracyt or BCG. 369 27

In summary, the completed NPCP clinical trials have demonstrated that treatment with single antitumor agents and some combinations provide potential benefit to men with metastatic disease, both in those who have failed conventional hormonal therapy as well as those with newly diagnosed metastatic lesions. A summary of overall objective response rates in trials conducted on hormone-refractory patients is shown in Tables 17 and 18. In addition to demonstrating that chemotherapy can elicit a favorable response in patients with relapsing stage D disease, the NPCP has demonstrated that patients who respond to chemotherapy survive significantly longer than nonresponders. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated in these patients that objective partial regressions have been seen only with chemotherapy. Active single agents in prostatic cancer include methotrexate, cis-platinum, Estracyt, cyclophosphamide, 5-FU, DTIC, and streptozotocin. Finally, there may be some benefit in terms of response rate and survival when adding chemotherapy to conventional hormone therapy in patients with previously untreated stage D disease.
 ...
PMID:Results of trials of the USA National Prostatic Cancer Project. 389 31


1 2 Next >>