Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty postmenopausal women (aged between 46 and 67 years old) with skeletal metastases from breast carcinoma were treated with clodronate 450 mg i.v. daily for 5 days and thereafter with 100 mg i.m. daily for 10 days. All patients received standard hormonal therapy (tamoxifen). Symptomatic pain (evaluated according to a linear analog scale), performance status (according to Karnofsky), serum alkaline phosphatase, serum creatinine and osteocalcin were measured before and after treatment on days 5, 15, 30 and 45. Scanning by radiology were performed pre- and post-therapy. Bone pain was significantly reduced in 15 out of 20 patients. After clodronate treatment the base line value of circulating osteocalcin (3.2 +/- 1.6 ng/ml) showed a significant increase on days 30 and 45 (p less than 0.001). Radiological assessment of bone lesions showed stable disease in 18 patients and progression in two patients. No adverse side effects were observed. These data show that clodronate provided pain relief in 75% of treated patients and the increase in circulating osteocalcin levels can be considered a marker of the stabilization of skeletal metastatic lesions.
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PMID:Subjective and metabolic effects of clodronate in patients with advanced breast cancer and symptomatic bone metastases. 138 63

Of 102 patients suffering from prostatic carcinoma, complete data on the serum concentration of 7 tumour markers were available from 90 patients, together with tumour grade, local stage and the presence or absence of skeletal metastases. The serum content of prostatic acid phosphatase, prostate specific antigen, neopterin, thymidine kinase, osteocalcin, C-reactive protein and tissue polypeptide antigen was measured. By means of Cox's regression and multivariate analysis the ability of these variables to predict prognosis, i.e. death from prostatic cancer, was studied. Neopterin appeared to be the most efficient marker, followed by tumour grade, thymidine kinase and prostate specific antigen. No other variable provided information of statistical significance. In multivariate analysis thymidine kinase performed best, followed by neopterin, tumour grade and prostate specific antigen. Several serum tumour markers reflect the biological activity of human prostate cancers and their value should be further explored. They may become useful in the management of individual patients.
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PMID:Tumour markers as prognostic aids in prostatic carcinoma. 169 4

The correlation of technetium-99m-HMDP bone scintigraphic findings, serum osteocalcin as a measure of bone turnover and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and/or prostate acid phosphatase (PAP) was determined in 19 men with bone metastasis due to prostatic carcinoma. Six of the 19 patients with metastases on bone scan showed elevation of osteocalcin. These patients had extensive metastatic disease. All 19 men with positive bone scans had high serum PSA and/or PAP levels. Serum osteocalcin measurement is less sensitive to detection of bone deposits than PSA/PAP measurements (p less than 0.0008).
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PMID:Serum osteocalcin measurements in prostate carcinoma patients with skeletal deposits shown by bone scintigram: comparison with serum PSA/PAP measurements. 169 17

Osteocalcin (BCG) in an osteoblast product which reflects the bone formation rate. It could be a valuable bone metastasis marker. To investigate this, we measured serum osteocalcin levels by using radioimmunoassay method in 11 healthy subjects and in 79 cancer patients. The cancer patients consisted of 36 non-metastatic, 29 with only bone metastasis and 14 with extraosseous metastases. Significance was found only between bone metastatic patients and non-metastatic patients in both sexes (p. 0.05). There was no significance between non-metastatic patients and patients with other than bone metastases. This study shows that osteocalcin measurements reflect bone formation rates in bone metastasis and could be used as a bone metastasis marker in suspicious cases.
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PMID:Osteocalcin: a valuable bone metastasis marker. 191 66

Osteocalcin is a noncollagenous bone protein produced by osteoblasts. Increase in serum osteocalcin level reflects osteoblast activity with acceleration of bone formation. To evaluate the correlation of Tc-HDP bone scintigraphic findings and concurrent serum osteocalcin, serum osteocalcin values of 40 consecutive patients were measured by radioimmunoassay at the time of initial referral for bone studies. These patients, all males aged 23-93, were studied for various disease entities, including prostate carcinoma. The results of the assay were categorized into three groups (gp) as follows: 17 at normal (1.8 to 6.6 ng/ml) level (gp 1), 21 low (gp 2), and two high (gp 3). Only one bronchogenic carcinoma patient with a high level had a right iliac lesion suggesting metastasis. The bone scans of nine patients with normal or low levels showed positive metastases. Two patients with stress fractures as shown on bone scans had normal levels. The images of patients with disparity between serum osteocalcin and positive bone lesions may be interpreted as follows: Instead of osteoblastic activity resulting in the synthesis and/or release of osteocalcin, area(s) of increased uptake in the bone scan may be predominantly reflecting increased regional blood flow and decreased sympathetic tone, resulting in an increase in bone-agent deposition.
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PMID:Tc-99m HMDP bone scintigraphic findings in association with concurrent serum osteocalcin measurements. 196 43

Alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin and hydroxyproline levels were evaluated in patients with the following conditions: primary hyperparathyroidism, renal dialysis, hyperthyroidism, Cushing's syndrome, long term corticosteroid therapy, Paget's disease, osteoblastic metastases, osteolytic or mixed metastases, and nutritional osteomalacia. In all cases the levels of the three substances were increased, with the following exceptions: a) in endogenous or exogenous hypercortisolism states osteocalcin level was reduced and those of alkaline phosphatase and hydroxyproline were unchanged; and b) in blastic or lytic metastases osteocalcin level was unchanged. In general, alkaline phosphatase and hydroxyproline levels had a higher sensitivity than those of osteocalcin in structural bone disease (Paget's disease, blastic or lytic metastases), whereas the converse was true for endocrine bone disease (the remaining conditions except osteomalacia, which is mixed, both structural and endocrine; in this syndrome, the three substances showed the same sensitivity.
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PMID:[Different behavior of bone turnover markers in endocrine (extrinsic) and structural (intrinsic) osteopathies]. 234 91

We evaluated the serum osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase levels and the urinary hydroxyproline excretion in patients with blastic, lithic or mixed metastases, humoral malignant hypercalcemia (HMH) and myeloma. In patients with metastasis of any type osteocalcin did not reach a significant increase although in blastic metastases an increase approaching signification was observed. However, the sensitivities of alkaline phosphatase or hydroxyproline were much higher. In HMH hydroxyproline increased to levels similar to those found in primary hyperparathyroidism. By contrast, although osteocalcin had a significant increase, its values were much lower than in parathyroid disease. The changes in alkaline phosphatase were nonevaluable. In myeloma none of the three markers changed. The major conclusion of the present study is that osteocalcin has little practical usefulness for the investigation of neoplastic patients.
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PMID:[Bone turnover markers in tumor pathology with bone involvement]. 235 62

Male Copenhagen rats were inoculated with monodispersed R3327-MatLyLu prostate tumor cells via the tail vein under concomitant temporal occlusion of the inferior vena cava to develop an animal model for skeletal metastasis of prostate cancer. This procedure reproducibly resulted in metastatic tumor growth in the lumbar region of the vertebral column. Microscopically, tumor growth became visible in the fifth and sixth lumbar vertebrae within 4 days after inoculation. Clinical signs of nerve function disablement (hind leg paresis and paralysis) followed within 14 days of such a procedure. Cell culture technique confirmed the presence of a viable, proliferating tumor cell population within the spinal canal of the fifth and sixth lumbar vertebrae. Histologically, a clear response of osteoclastic and concomitant osteoblastic activities was observed in the lumbar spinal column. In the serum, a transient phase of hypercalcemia could be demonstrated. The development of skeletal metastases in these animals was not reflected by significant alteration in serum levels of acid phosphatase, prostatic-specific antigen, or osteocalcin. These observations support the concept of the vertebral venous plexus being involved in the dissemination of prostate tumor cells. The surgical procedures described permit experimental investigations of bone metastasis of prostatic cancer.
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PMID:Prostatic tumor (R3327) skeletal metastasis. 237 Nov 74

The serum levels of osteocalcin, a 49-amino-acid bone-matrix protein, which is a biochemical parameter of bone formation, were measured in 61 patients with breast cancer. Breast cancer patients were subdivided as follows: (a) Patients in complete remission; (b) patients with visceral metastases (without bone metastases); (c) patients with bone metastases (with or without visceral metastases). Serum osteocalcin levels were significantly higher in patients with bone metastases than in patients in complete remission (P less than 0.005). When osteocalcin levels of patients with bone metastases were compared with those of an age-matched control group, serum osteocalcin levels were higher in the patients with bone metastases; however, the differences did not reach statistical significance. Serum osteocalcin levels of patients with visceral metastases (without bone metastases) were significantly lower than in control subjects (P less than 0.02). Our data demonstrate that serum osteocalcin levels are higher in breast cancer patients with bone metastases than in patients in remission. Bone formation, as reflected by serum osteocalcin levels, is decreased in breast cancer patients with visceral metastases.
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PMID:Serum osteocalcin levels in breast cancer patients. 280 85

The discriminative ability of several skeletal and tumour markers was assessed in 102 patients with prostatic disease. These comprised serum acid and alkaline phosphatase, serum albumin and osteocalcin, urinary excretion of calcium, hydroxyproline and 6-oxo prostaglandin F1 alpha. None of the tests was of value in distinguishing patients with benign prostatic disease from those with tumour not involving the skeleton. Values of serum osteocalcin, urinary excretion of calcium and urinary 6-oxo prostaglandin F1 alpha failed to discriminate significantly between patients with or without metastases. The remaining four markers were compared by decision matrix analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Serum alkaline phosphatase provided the most sensitive marker of skeletal metastases (80.5%), followed by serum acid phosphatase (80%), hydroxyproline (68%) and albumin (30%). ROC analysis suggested that alkaline phosphatase conformed most closely to the "ideal marker" with highest specificity and sensitivity.
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PMID:Biochemical markers and skeletal metabolism in carcinoma of the prostate. Use of decision matrix theory and ROC analysis. 300 34


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