Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. Florid Papillomatosis (FP) seems to be another form of verrucous carcinoma. 2. Besides the mouth, FP can be found in the larynx, nose, genitalia, skin, etc. 3. FP would appear to be a carcinoma with a low degree of malignancy, and is locally aggressive. They do not cause generalized metastases and rarely metastasize locally. 4. In the mouth, the lesions, either single or multiple, usually occur in adult men. The most frequent sites are the buccal mucosa and the alveolar-gingival area. They develop on a healthy mucosa, or on preexisting lesions, namely, leukoplakia, atypical lichen, abrasive cheilitis and traumatic ulcers. FP may cause fistulas and jaw destruction. 5. Histologically, three stages can be recognized: type I, with acanthosis and papillomatosis, etc., type II, with the aspect of an in situ carcinoma, and type III, carcinoma-like in aspect but with some characteristics of FP. 6. Ten percent of the cases may develop an anaplastic carcinoma or may become associated with other types of carcinomas in other organs and near the area where the FP appeared. 7. Predisposing factors are the same as those for classical carcinomas (especially smoking and chewing tobacco or betel). FP may develop on preexisting lesions similar to those described for regular carcinomas. No virus has been isolated. Some authors believe FP is a precancerous condition; we think it is a cancer with a low degree of malignancy. 8. Treatment should be initiated with cytostatic drugs, especially methotrexate, followed by electrocoagulation, radium implantation and surgery. If the lesions are small in size, methotrexate is not required. If the lesions are large or there is bone destruction, surgery is the treatment of choice after methotrexate and sometimes high-voltage therapy with 60Co. 9. A cure rate of 75% can be obtained in properly treated cases.
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PMID:Oral florid papillomatosis (verrucous carcinoma). 51 22

For 105 patients with healthy lungs (76 breast carcinomas, 29 testicular tumors) irradiated from 1981 to 1983 with the linear accelerator Neptune 10p. the pulmonary effects of irradiation were monitored over several years. The true dose applied for breast carcinomas was 46 Gy (2 Gy per fraction), for testicular tumors 40 Gy were applied in the mediastinal field. 9% of the patients showed excessive infiltrations, 18% radiation pneumonitis of medium degree. In 35% of the patients slight infiltrations were found. The course of the pneumonitis was, according to its stage, regular. After a latency period 30 days post irradiation the early stadium occurs. Florid pneumonitis develops between the 45th and 90th day after irradiation. Extended radiographic effects occur up to 10 days earlier. Through a period of pneumonitis with pronounced shrinkage fibrosis develops. By CT-based individual radiation planning the pulmonary radiation reaction can be significantly reduced. The differential diagnostics of radiation effects and metastases is discussed.
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PMID:[Radiation pneumonitis in the x-ray picture following megavoltage irradiation using the Neptune 10 p. linear accelerator]. 251 42

Florid von Brunn nests may mimic the nested variant of urothelial carcinoma. We examined formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue from 21 cases of florid von Brunn nests and 11 cases of nested variant of urothelial carcinoma. Morphologic features were recorded in detail. Also, cases were stained with monoclonal antibodies against MIB-1, p53, p27, and cytokeratin 20. Percentage positivity was calculated by counting 300 to 500 cells from each case. Clinical follow-up information was also obtained. Florid von Brunn nests from the bladder were comprised of large nests with regular spacing, and all the nests extended to the same horizontal level at the base of the proliferation. Central lumen formation was often seen within florid von Brunn nests, at times with cystic dilatation, such that there was a spectrum from proliferating von Brunn nests to cystitis glandularis to cystitis cystica. Small, crowded nests with variable spacing and an infiltrative base characterized nested variant of urothelial carcinoma. Four cases showed detrusor muscle invasion on biopsy with an additional case showing detrusor muscle invasion at cystectomy. One additional patient with nested variant of urothelial carcinoma had distant metastases and another had prostatic invasion. Nine of 21 florid von Brunn nests cases were from either the ureter or renal pelvis, whereas all cases of nested variant of urothelial carcinoma arose in the bladder. The ureteral and pelvic florid von Brunn nest cases showed smaller, more variable nests with irregular spacing closely mimicking nested variant of urothelial carcinoma but had a noninfiltrative base and often areas with either a lobular or linear array. Immunohistochemical studies showed nested variant of urothelial carcinoma to have higher MIB-1 expression (8.8% vs. 2.8%, P = 0.01). Nested variant of urothelial carcinoma had nonsignificantly higher p53 positivity (4.2% vs. 1.5%, P = 0.06) and lower p27 positivity (4.7% vs. 7.8%, P = 0.22). Cytokeratin 20 staining was not discriminatory. However, staining with each antibody was widely variable. Wide variation in staining for MIB-1, p53, p27, and cytokeratin 20 was seen in both florid von Brunn nests and nested variant of urothelial carcinoma, such that except for a few cases, a specific cutoff value could not be determined for diagnostic purposes. The findings underscore the importance of morphologic assessment in the distinction of florid von Brunn nests and nested variant of urothelial carcinoma.
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PMID:Florid von Brunn nests mimicking urothelial carcinoma: a morphologic and immunohistochemical comparison to the nested variant of urothelial carcinoma. 1296 Aug 9