Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The relative effectiveness of local irradiation alone or combined with Corynebacterium parvum (C parvum) treatment has been investigated employing four tumors: a mammary carcinoma (MCa) (nonimmunogenic), a fibrosarcoma (moderately strongly immunogenic), and two squamous cell carcinomas (SCC-2 being weakly and SCC-4 being very weakly or nonimmunogenic). C parvum treatment was started when the isotransplanted tumor growing in the mouse leg was 5 mm in diameter and the local irradiation was administered to 8-mm diameter tumor. Effect of the combined treatment was barely evident with the MCa but strongly present in FSa; up to 60% of mice were cured of FSa by C parvum alone and the response to low radiation dose, e.g., 200 rads, was highly increased. For SCC-2 the TCD50 was approximately 7000 rads and 3000 rads in control and test mice, respectively. Comparable values for SCC-4 were 7700 and approximately 5500 rads. Importantly, for SCC-4 there was a large and highly significant reduction in the proportion of mice that died of metastases to lung but were free of evident tumor at the primary site.
 ...
PMID:Radiation therapy and Corynebacterium parvum in the treatment of murine tumors. 94 76

The authors retrospectively searched for human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 in 60 cases of carcinoma arising from the nasal cavities (NC) and paranasal sinuses (PS) by using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on DNA extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. In cases of SCC (n = 49), the authors also compared the clinical features of patients with HPV-positive and HPV-negative results to determine the clinical significance of HPV. HPV 16 and 18 were detected in 7 of the 49 cases (14%) of SCC. In the other histologic types of carcinoma (n = 11), neither HPV 16 nor HPV 18 was detected. No significant differences in the clinical features were observed between patients with SCC with HPV-positive and HPV-negative results. The results suggest that HPV 16 and 18 are implicated in the pathogenesis of SCC arising from the NC and PS. However, the presence of HPV is not related to local progression, occurrence of metastases, or the prognosis of the patients.
 ...
PMID:Detection of human papillomavirus DNA in carcinomas of the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses by polymerase chain reaction. 130 30

A series of 3 tumourlets (TLs), 81 typical carcinoids (TCs), 14 atypical carcinoids (ACs) (well-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas, WDNCs) and 24 small cell-intermediate cell carcinomas (SCC-ICCs) of the lung were studied. Histopathological features were correlated with amine and peptide hormone immunoreactivity and with clinical data. All types of tumours expressed general neuroendocrine (NE) markers: Grimelius positivity and chromogranins were detected more frequently in well-differentiated (TLs, TCs) than in less well differentiated tumours [ACs (WDNCs) and SCC-ICCs] whereas neuron specific enolase (NSE) was prominent in the latter tumours. TLs and peripheral TCs were benign, often showing a paraganglioid pattern and frequently expressing gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP), which is present in the peripheral airways of normal lung. Central TCs were associated with lymph node metastases in 8.5% of the cases, frequently had a trabecular architecture, often associated with human milk fat globule 2 (HMFG2)-positive acinar and rosette-like structures, and were mainly immunostained for the alpha-subunit of human chorionic gonadotrophin (alpha-hCG) and serotonin. ACs (WDNCs) were associated with intrathoracic and/or extrathoracic metastases in 57.1% of the cases with a mortality rate of 35.7%. Their histological and cytological features were intermediate between those of TCs and SCC-ICCs. ACs (WDNCs) expressed serotonin and alpha-hCG less frequently than TCs. All SCC-ICCs were surgically treated and displayed a mortality rate of 91.6% with a mean survival of 10.2 months after operation. These tumours were characterized by high expression of HMFG2 and NSE, while the expression of both orthotopic (serotonin, GRP) and ectopic (ACTH) specific NE substances was very low. Since all TCs (either central or peripheral) had a favourable outcome, while about 36% of ACs (WDNCs) were fatal, the latter seem more appropriately designated "well-differentiated NE carcinomas". The differential diagnosis between different NE tumours of the lung is important and is mainly based on morphology. Both panendocrine and specific immunohistochemical markers are helpful in distinguishing the less aggressive, mostly benign varieties from the more malignant varieties.
 ...
PMID:Differential diagnostic patterns of lung neuroendocrine tumours. A clinico-pathological and immunohistochemical study of 122 cases. 137 78

Serum levels of squamous cell carcinoma antigen SCC, carcinoembryonic antigen CA 125, and tissue polypeptide antigen were determined in 142 patients with primary cervical carcinoma, 60 patients with precancerous lesions and in 129 healthy women. With regard to elevated tumour marker levels, specificity ranged from 94.6% to 97.7%. Sensitivity was highest (44.4%) for SCC. A stage relation was found for all tumour markers except for carcinoembryonic antigen. In stage Ib, SCC levels increased according to tumour volume. SCC, CA 125 or both markers were elevated in 7 of 8 patients with pelvic lymph node metastases compared with only 17 of 58 patients with negative nodes (P = 0.005). In a multivariate analysis, pretreatment serum levels of SCC and CA 125 were found to be significantly related to patient survival, in addition to stage. In cervical SCC, the risk of a fatal outcome increased 16 times with SCC levels > or = 4.5 ng/ml, compared with SCC levels < or = 1.3 ng/ml. We conclude that pretreatment serum levels of SCC may be of value as an adjunct to clinical staging. In addition, serum determinations of SCC and CA 125 seem to be useful in predicting the risk of pelvic lymph node metastases and as prognostic risk factors for disease outcome.
 ...
PMID:Prognostic significance of pretreatment serum levels of squamous cell carcinoma antigen and CA 125 in cervical carcinoma. 138 88

We studied 31 patients with bidimensionally measurable metastases of urothelial cancer who were treated with a planned regimen (20 mg/m2 methotrexate, 0.6 mg/m2 vincristine, 500 mg/m2 cyclophosphamide, 20 mg/m2 adriamycin, and 30 mg bleomycin on day 1, and 50 mg/m2 cisplatinum on day 2) in cycles given every 3 weeks. CR was achieved in 4 patients (13%) and PR in 17 patients (55%). The response rates according to the disease characteristics were 71% for TCC, 33% for SCC, 67% for renal pelvis tumors, 67% for bladder tumors, 73% for lung metastases, 67% for liver metastases, and 67% for lymph node metastases. The median response duration and the number of cycles of therapy were 32 months/3 cycles for patients with a CR and 6 months/6 cycles for those with a PR. The median duration of survival was 32 months (range: 3-46) in CR, 11 months (range: 1-37) in PR, and 6 months (range: 2-10) in non responders (NC + PD). A significant prolongation of survival was noted in patients with either CR (p less than 0.01) or PR (p less than 0.05). Then main toxic effects were pulmonary fibrosis and myelosuppression. Two patients aged 73 and 81 died of pulmonary fibrosis. However, it was possible to prevent pulmonary fibrosis by not administering bleomycin to patients over 70 years of age, or to patients with pulmonary dysfunction. WBC count nadirs of less than 2,000/m3 were noted in 22 patients (71%). Platelet count nadirs of greater than 5 x 10(4)/mm3 were noted in 7 patients (23%). However, there were no deaths due to myelosuppression.
 ...
PMID:[Combination chemotherapy with methotrexate, vincristine, cisplatinum, cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, and bleomycin (MVP-CAB) for metastatic urothelial cancer]. 171 15

Esophageal carcinoma has a catastrophic clinical course with a very low 5 year survival rate of 5%. A circulating tumor marker with good specificity and sensitivity would be useful in the management strategy of the disease. So far, no tumor marker effective in esophageal carcinoma has been identified. Preliminary reports suggest satisfactory positivity rates of tumor-associated trypsin inhibitor (TATI) in esophageal carcinoma. We measured TATI levels in 71 patients with primary squamous cell esophageal carcinoma as well as in 30 tissue samples from both carcinoma and normal esophageal mucosa. Detectable TATI levels were not found in tumor tissue samples. The marker showed significantly higher serum levels in patients than in controls, with an overall positivity rate of 28%. TATI levels were significantly lower in patients with a high number of tumor-positive lymph nodes. No relationship was found between TATI and several other clinical and pathological parameters. High TATI levels correlated with a lower probability of overall survival as well as in cases without clinical evidence of lymph node metastases. TATI did not show any relationship with CEA, TPA, ferritin or SCC. The results of the present study suggest that TATI shows a satisfactory positivity rate in esophageal carcinoma, and TATI levels are related to local disease spread and prognosis.
 ...
PMID:Tumor-associated trypsin inhibitor (TATI) in primary esophageal carcinoma. 178 Jun 88

There are few reports about the methods, amounts, and kinds of dosage about intermittent intra-arterial chemotherapy of liver metastases from primal pathological type's squamous cell carcinoma. Because they are less than liver metastases from adenocarcinoma of colon or stomach. Although it is important of other factors about the operative method of primary focus and metastases of the other parts, it is possible that those cases obtained the good prognosis and protected liver failure, if those liver metastases could be controlled well. In our department from January 1987 to December 1989, 9 cases of inoperative liver metastases of squamous cell carcinoma (esophagus: 4 cases, larynx: 3 cases and cervix of uterus 2 cases) were treated of intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy of FAM (5Fu 500 mg/week, ADM 30 mg/4 weeks and MMC 4 mg/2 weeks) and CDDP methods (only CDDP 10 mg/week). Cases of esophagus carcinoma were treated with FAM method. On the CT-scan one of the cases showed the reduction rate of more than 50% and was a Progressive Response (PC), and the SCC tumor marker decreased in 2 cases. However, 2 other cases died of liver failure. Cases of larynx were treated with FAM and CDDP methods. However, on the CT-scan all of the cases showed No Change (NC) nor decrease in SCC. But thinking of prognosis FAM was better than CDDP. Cases of cervix of uterus were treated with the FAM and CDDP methods. FAM was not different than the CDDP in the prognosis and effect.
 ...
PMID:[Study of intermittent intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy in liver metastases from squamous cell carcinoma]. 188 84

Point mutations in codons 12, 13 or 61 of the oncogenes Ha-ras, Ki-ras or N-ras have been identified in human malignancies of many types. Using the PCR (polymerase chain reaction) technique for DNA amplification in vitro and stringent probing of the amplified DNA on dot blots with a library of specific oligonucleotides, we have screened for the presence of ras mutations in oral and para-oral malignancies and some associated lesions. The material, from UK patients, consisted of 22 oral squamous-cell carcinomas including 5 neck metastases, 1 oral mucosal dysplasia, 1 proliferative verrucous leukoplakia, 1 antral and 1 tonsillar carcinoma, 1 basal-cell carcinoma, 1 salivary adenocarcinoma, 1 salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma and 1 lung adenocarcinoma metastatic to the gingiva. Genomic DNA was extracted from tissues which were fresh or preserved in liquid nitrogen. Two DNA samples contained point mutations in codon 61 of Ki-ras. One of these mutations was in the lymphocytes infiltrating a retromolar SCC. The other mutation (CAA to CAU; substitution of glutamine by histidine) was in the lung adenocarcinoma metastasis. The absence of ras mutations in the epithelium of primary oral squamous-cell carcinomas is of considerable interest as other work in our Department on Indian cases of oral carcinomas associated with chewing tobacco (quid) revealed that 35% of these had a codon 12, 13 or 61 mutation in Ha-ras. While ras activations arising from point mutations may occur in a high proportion of oral malignancies associated with chewing tobacco (quid), this was not the case in UK oral malignancies, even where tobacco was smoked.
 ...
PMID:Ras mutations in United Kingdom examples of oral malignancies are infrequent. 204 May 36

In 149 collum and 45 corpus carcinomas tumor marker concentrations in serum have been measured before, during and sex to eight weeks after termination of radiotherapy. For the collum carcinomas (average of FIGO I to IV) the sensitivity of CEA was found to be 51%, SCC 67%, CEA +SCC 80%. In corpus carcinomas CEA had low sensitivity and could not readily be used for therapy monitoring. However, in a number of cases CA125 was a good substitute. Six to eight weeks after termination of radiotherapy the average tumor marker levels have been declined by comparison with the pretherapeutic values (100%): For the collum carcinoma CEA dropped to 39%, SCC to 57%; for the corpus carcinoma CEA to 72%, CA 125 to 81%. The highest diagnostic information was gained by comparison of post-therapeutical tumor-marker levels with cut off values obtained from healthy women of the same age group. After treatment in 29 of 106 collum carcinomas CEA and or SCC levels did still exceed these cut off values. In eleven cases this marker elevation was due to paraaortic lymph node metastases, in seven cases a local tumor residue was discovered and in six cases general metastases. In corpus carcinomas the main reason for post-therapeutic elevated CA125 values also were paraaortic lymph node metastases. Thus, the use of serial tumor marker determination for control of gynecological radiotherapy is a helpful tool in early detecting local tumor residues and metastases. The decision making for further radiotherapeutical measures will be much easier, if accompanying tumor marker determinations have been done during primary radiotherapy.
 ...
PMID:[The monitoring of gynecological radiotherapy using serial tumor marker determinations]. 220 Jan 51

Computerized tomographic (CT) scans of 271 patients with histologically proven bronchial carcinoma accomplished for initial tumor staging were retrospectively evaluated for signs of cerebral metastasis. The results for the histologic subtypes were quite different. In 13.8% of patients with small cell carcinoma and limited disease the authors found signs of brain metastasis. However, routine cerebral staging in these patients did not seem to be useful because of lack of therapeutic consequences. On the other hand, no patient with non-small cell carcinoma (N-SCC) and tumor Stage I or II had brain metastases. All patients with brain metastasis from N-SCC had been classified as tumor Stage III before cerebral imaging. Among these patients, however, the authors found brain metastasis in 17.5% of those without known distant metastatic disease (III/M0), especially in large cell carcinoma and in adenocarcinoma. Stage III/M0 patients should undergo routine cerebral imaging if their tumor is surgically resectable and thoracotomy is planned.
 ...
PMID:Cerebral tumor staging in patients with bronchial carcinoma by computed tomography. 222 99


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>