Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 28 year old man suffering from calcifying carcinoma of the stomach underwent a gastrectomy which was histologically classified as being a noncurative resection. As postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, he received 116 mg of Mitomycin C and 454.8 g of Tegafur as well as 5690 g of ascorbic acid. He showed carcinoma cells histologically at both oral and anal edges of the resected specimen, and peritoneal metastases of tumor cells were also observed, but he nevertheless kept a performance status of 1 until 5 years after surgery. The patient finally died of cachexia 5 years and 6 months after his operation. Among 42 patients with calcifying carcinoma of the stomach reported in the foreign literature and 19 patients reported in Japanese, those patients for whom the postoperative survival time was clearly indicated did not necessarily survive longer than those patients without calcification.
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PMID:A case of calcifying carcinoma of the stomach with long-term postoperative survival. 185 37

The effects of preoperative treatment by continuous intravenous infusion of Tegafur, the antagonist of DNA synthesis, were histopathologically studied in 34 patients with gastric cancer. Histologically the treatment was found to be effective in 41.2% of patients with cancer invasion in the mucosa, 58.8% in the submucosa, 61.3% in the muscularis propria, 59.3% in the subserosa and 86.9% of those with metastatic lymph nodes. The treatment was effective, when assessed in terms of the histological type of cancer, in 90.9% of cancers of the differentiated type (papillary adenocarcinoma, well differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma and moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma) and 47.8% of those of the poorly differentiated type (poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma and signet-ring cell carcinoma), showing a higher rate of efficacy in the differentiated type cancers. Meanwhile, even among patients with cancer of poorly differentiated type, a high efficacy rate (90.0%) was found in those with metastatic cancer of the lymph nodes. No relationship was found between the total doses of Tegafur and histological effects. There was a tendency, however, for a higher frequency of a good response in patients administered more than 4,000 mg of Tegafur. In the patients with a histologically positive effect, 5-FU concentration in the tumor tissue was higher than 0.071 microgram/g. However, some patients showed no response despite a high concentration. This finding suggested that sensitivity to 5-FU and 5-FU metabolism vary depending on the tumor. The inhibitory effect of Tegafur on DNA synthesis is produced through inhibition of thymidylate synthase (TS) by the Tegafur metabolite FdUMP.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Histopathological studies on antitumor effect of tegafur administered by continuous intravenous infusion]. 211 40

Clinical features of 644 surgically treated cases of cancer of the uterine cervix were analyzed according to their histological type. Large cell non-keratinizing carcinomas (L) showed node metastasis proportional to the grade of invasion in the cervix, and the lowest recurrence rate. Small cell non-keratinizing carcinomas (S) tended to have widely spread metastasis from an early stage of the primary lesion. Lateral recurrence from metastatic foci was common in this type. Keratinizing carcinomas (K) were localized in the cervix until the primary tumor became enlarged to a certain size. Central recurrence from invasive foci in the surrounding tissue or organ occurred more often than lateral recurrence in this type. Metastasis pattern of pure adenocarcinomas (A) was similar to that of S, but recurrence was delayed. Adenosquamous carcinomas (AS) showed a similar metastasis pattern to that of K, but recurrence was rapid and the ratio high. Prophylactic maintenance chemotherapy with Tegafur (800 mg/day) or Carboquone (0.5 mg/day) was performed in 187 cases for a period of 2 years after surgery. The effect of maintenance chemotherapy depended on the histological type. A marked effect was obtained in the groups of S and A, in which no recurrence has appeared so far. The recurrence rate of L dropped to 1/5 that of the control. However, unsatisfactory results were shown in the groups of K and AS including the keratinizing cell component. It is of significance that maintenance chemotherapy showed the highest effectiveness in S and A on which conventional adjuvant therapy, i.e. postoperative radiotherapy, has had the least effect. This has led us to consider that a proper selection of adjuvant therapies would contribute toward improving the postoperative prognosis of patients with cancer of the uterine cervix.
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PMID:[Differing progress patterns in cancer of the uterine cervix and variant effects of adjuvant chemotherapy based on histological type]. 308 Sep 62

A 77-year-old male was admitted to the hospital because of left hemiparesis secondary to multifocal cerebral metastases from adenocarcinoma of the stomach. He was treated with combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy consisting of ACNU, Tegafur and PSK. He was in good condition, but abruptly developed severe dyspnea 40 days after administration of Tegafur and 28 days after that of ACNU. Chest X-ray at that time revealed diffuse opacity involving entire lung fields associated with marked hypoxia. The patient expired 9 days after this episode. The autopsy revealed acute interstitial pneumonitis associated with hyaline membrane formation consistent with adult respiratory distress syndrome involving entire lobes of both lungs without metastases. As to the etiology of the ARDS in this case, we concluded that the administration of Tegafur was the most likely as to the cause, although the possibility of betamethasone was not ruled out. The remaining factors were not likely as to the cause of the ARDS in this case.
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PMID:[A case of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) induced by radio-chemotherapy (RAFP therapy) of brain metastasis of stomach cancer]. 308 66

Thirteen patients with cancer of the gut, six with hepatocellular carcinoma and three with cancer of the bile duct have been treated with tegafur. All the patients were in an advanced stage of the disease with metastases to lymph-nodes or elsewhere. Each patient was given tegafur (oral daily dose of 600-1200 mg for 15-30 days with a dose-free interval of 25 days). Tegafur with other antiblastic drugs (such as cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, vincristine, doxorubicin, mitomycin) was given to ten patients. The results observed after the first treatment were as follows: partial remission in 14 patients (64%), no change in 4 (18%) and progression of the disease in 4 (18%). Only 10 patients among the 22 who were first treated, underwent one to three subsequent cycles of therapy obtaining with resultant partial remission in four cases, no change in two and progression of the disease in four patients. Side-effects (nausea and vomiting) during the treatment were recorded only in 14% of the patients. No significant impairment of blood functional tests has been documented. A comparison of the results obtained with tegafur and intravenous 5-fluorouracil has been made: the therapeutic effects of these two drugs are similar, but side-effects seem to be less during tegafur treatment.
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PMID:Tegafur chemotherapy for the treatment of gut and liver cancer. 309 13

The anticancer effects of levamisole, tegafur and their combination were experimentally compared in rats on the 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colonic cancers. DMH at 20 mg/kg of body weight was injected subcutaneously to Donryu rats once a week for 24 weeks long. Nineteen weeks after the start of DMH administration, early colonic cancers were induced and, 28 weeks after, they developed into advanced cancers with distant metastases. From 19 weeks after the start of DMH injection, subcutaneous administration of levamisole at the dose of 2 mg/kg, oral administration of tegafur at 90 mg/kg and their combination were given to the rats daily for nine weeks. The animals were sacrificed 28 weeks after the start of DMH administration. Tegafur was effective, but levamisole with or without tegafur was not effective against early cancer. From 28 weeks after the start of DMH injection, levamisole, tegafur and their combination were administered to the rats daily for four weeks. All of the rats were necropsied when they died. The survival rate and mean survival days were significantly higher and longer in the levamisole groups than in the control rats (p less than 0.05). The incidence of distant metastases was also significantly lower in the levamisole groups than in the control group.
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PMID:Longer survival and fewer metastases by levamisole and tegafur in 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine-induced murine colonic cancers. 393 45

We treated a man with unresectable hepatic metastases from sigmoid colon carcinoma who has since survived for more than 10 years. A sigmoidectomy with lymph node dissection was performed and a continuous hepatic arterial infusion of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) with intermittent infusion of mitomycin C (MMC) was administered for about 3 months after this operation. The total doses of 5-FU and MMC were 16 g and 84 mg, respectively. Tegafur also was administered orally at a dose of 600 mg/day for about 8 months. The carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level (which had reached 4,409 ng/ml preoperatively) normalized 4 months after surgery, and still remains normal. Very few patients with unresectable hepatic metastases survive for 5 or more years. However, regional chemotherapy can be effective in some patients.
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PMID:A 10-year survivor with unresectable hepatic metastases from sigmoid colon carcinoma treated with regional chemotherapy. 764 Apr 74

A 58-year-old male complaining of pollakisuria, miction pain and back pain visited us Dec. 26, 1979. Rectal examination revealed the prostate enlarged by 5 digital width, stony hard and irregular. Transrectal needle biopsy revealed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Bladder neck invasion, pelvic and mediastinal lymph node metastases and multiple bone metastases were found. The case was diagnosed with prostatic adenocarcinoma T3N2M1 (OSS, LYM) stage D2. Three courses of chemotherapy using ifosfamide applied from Feb. 2, 1980 showed no marked effect except for partial pain relief. Hormonal treatment with diethylstilbestrol diphosphate was started from May 28 and arterial infusion chemotherapy using CDDP and 5-FU was performed 2 months later, resulting in size reduction of the prostate and pelvic lymph node metastases and disappearance of mediastinal lymph node metastases. Needle biopsy of the prostate was negative for cancer cells. After 8 months, Tegafur was started, and 12 months later radiotherapy was added to the prostate and pelvic lymph nodes. The abnormal accumulation in bone scan began to decrease after 14 months and achieved complete remission 28 months after the initial therapy. We discontinued the hormonal therapy 31 months later because of his complaint of chest discomfort and palpitation. At the present time, 14 years after the initial therapy, the prostate was 35 x 29 x 19 mm in size on transrectal ultrasonography with undetectable serum PSA level and no tumor cells but only mass fibrosis has been seen by pathological examinations. We considered this patient to be with no evidence of disease.
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PMID:[A case of completely responding stage D2 prostatic cancer with no evidence of disease 14 years after diagnosis]. 780 48

We reviewed 21 patients who underwent salvage treatment after a biopsy of proven locally recurrent carcinoma of the oropharynx. Two of these patients underwent a second salvage treatment after failure of the first. Treatment was performed with Ir192 interstitial implant in 17 cases (13 rT1 and 4 rT2); by surgery in five cases (3 rT1, 1 rT2, 1 rTx), including two patients who had relapsed after salvage treatment with Ir192 implant; and by hyperfractionated external beam irradiation plus concomitant Tegafur chemotherapy in one case (rT3). The primary tumour was controlled in four of the 17 cases (23 per cent) treated with Ir192 implant. Of these four patients, two remained disease-free 42 and 59 months after treatment, one died of nodal metastases eight months after treatment and another of distant metastases 19 months after treatment. Four of the five cases (80 per cent) treated with surgery, including two patients who relapsed after salvage brachytherapy, remained free from local, regional and distant relapse 21, 25, 31 and 56 months after treatment.
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PMID:Salvage brachytherapy and salvage surgery for recurrent oropharyngeal carcinoma following radiotherapy. 787 36

A comparative, randomized trial was conducted to determine the efficacy of oral UFT (Tegafur and Uracil) versus 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in combination with cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Of 62 evaluable patients, 31 received UFT (350 mg/m2/day orally x 14 days), doxorubicin (50 mg/m2 intravenously [I.V.] day 1) and cyclophosphamide (500 mg/m2 I.V. day 1). The other 31 patients received 5-FU (500 mg/m2 I.V. days 1 and 8), doxorubicin (50 mg/m2 I.V. day 1), and cyclophosphamide (500 mg/m2 I.V. day 1). Regimens were repeated for a total of six cycles. The two groups were comparable in terms of age, gender, performance status, menopausal status, and number and sites of metastases. No statistical difference in overall response rates was seen (UFT arm, 48.4% vs. 5-FU arm, 35 %; p = 0.30). Median response duration was 16 weeks (range, 4-30) for both arms. The toxicity profile (alopecia, anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, diarrhea) was similar in both groups and both regimens were well tolerated. Anemia and stomatitis were significantly more common in the 5-FU arm (p = 0.02). Thus, oral UFT has response rates and duration of response that are comparable to 5-FU in a combination regimen for advanced breast cancer.
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PMID:A comparative, randomized trial of UFT and 5-fluorouracil in combination with cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin in the treatment of advanced breast cancer patients at The Philippines General Hospital. 897 77


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