Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eleven fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsies were performed on seven children with neuroblastoma, including one patient with a congenital neuroblastoma and another with a peripheral neuroblastoma of the thoracopulmonary region. FNA cytology made the primary diagnosis of neuroblastoma in four of the seven cases. The other biopsies documented local recurrences and metastases to liver, lymph nodes, orbit and breast. The cytologic features included varying numbers of small primitive cells with scanty cytoplasm, poorly to well-formed pseudorosettes, cell processes, a fibrillary matrix and multinucleated ganglion cells. Five of the seven patients had electron microscopic (EM) examination of the FNA specimen, which in all cases confirmed the diagnosis. Batteries of immunoperoxidase stains were performed on all 11 aspirates with variable results. Staining for neuron-specific enolase was positive in four of the five neoplasms tested, although strongly positive in only three of the cases. Staining for neurofilament markers was positive in only two of five tumors. Studies for cytokeratin markers (AE1/3), low-molecular-weight cytokeratin (35BH11), hematopoietic markers (T29/33), immunoglobulin light chains and myoglobin were negative. One case was positive for vimentin. This study attests to the value of FNA cytology in suggesting a correct diagnosis of either primary, recurrent or metastatic neuroblastoma in children. Selective use of immunoperoxidase stains and EM on the aspirates may be of value.
 ...
PMID:Fine needle aspiration cytology of neuroblastoma, including peripheral neuroectodermal tumor, with immunocytochemical and ultrastructural confirmation. 328 19

Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) of dermal and subcutaneous tissues is an uncommon neoplasm. In order to analyze the specialized pathologic features of this tumor, we undertook a histological, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemical study of 9 superficial LMS, including 7 dermal lesions and 2 subcutaneous neoplasms. These were compared with 12 examples of "deep" extracutaneous LMS. Metastases to the skin from two of the latter neoplasms were also examined. Immunohistochemistry was found to be a useful diagnostic adjunct to light microscopic and ultrastructural studies in that all LMS coexpressed vimentin and desmin, regardless of site, and 90% also expressed muscle-specific actin. Variable expression of cathepsin B and myelin basic protein was noted in 8 and 10 tumors, respectively, whereas none contained cytokeratin. Weak cytoplasmic positivity for epithelial membrane antigen was seen in 1 dermal and 3 extracutaneous LMS. Of 7 dermal LMS, 4 contained S-100 protein, whereas this determinant was found in only 1 of 12 extracutaneous tumors. Conversely, Leu 7 reactivity was present in 7 of 12 extracutaneous LMS, but only 2 of 9 superficial lesions. Review of clinical features confirmed that subcutaneous LMS is capable of aggressive behaviour, whereas dermal LMS was more likely to behave in an indolent fashion. However, one example of dermal LMS exhibited aggressive local recurrences and distant metastasis, ultimately leading to the death of the patient. Therefore, careful clinical followup is indicated in all cases.
 ...
PMID:Primary cutaneous leiomyosarcoma. A histological and immunohistochemical study of 9 cases, with ultrastructural correlation. 329 54

Ninety-six primary cardiac neoplasms were identified from 79,971 Fischer 344 (F344) rats used in chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity studies by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) and National Cancer Institute (NCI), for an overall incidence of 0.1%. Neoplasms were classified as: 60 endocardial schwannomas, 23 intramural schwannomas, eight atriocaval mesotheliomas, three paragangliomas, one pericardial mesothelioma, and one hemangioma. Metastases occurred in four rats with endocardial schwannoma. Histological appearance of the endocardial and intramural schwannomas was consistent with origin from nerve sheath. Two of six endocardial schwannomas available for immunohistochemical staining were weakly positive for S-100 antigen. The atriocaval mesotheliomas, while morphologically resembling adenocarcinoma, were positive for vimentin and keratin, indicating mesothelial origin. Seventy of the 96 cardiac neoplasms occurred in rats 2 years of age or older at time of death. There were no sex or treatment-related differences in the incidence of these neoplasms, with the exception of atriocaval mesothelioma, which was more common in males.
 ...
PMID:Morphology and classification of 96 primary cardiac neoplasms in Fischer 344 rats. 345 78

A mobile pedunculated polypoid tumor was endoscopically removed from the afferent jejunal loop after gastrojejunostomy of a 54-year-old patient with anamnestic evidence of intestinal bleeding. Histologically epithelial carcinoid-like as well as mesenchymal paraganglioma- and ganglioneuroma-like patterns are mixed in varying portions, characteristic for gangliocytic paraganglioma. Immunohistochemically, serotonin, neuron-specific enolase, cytokeratin, vimentin S-100 protein and neurofilament were demonstrable. Gangliocytic paragangliomas are almost exclusively observed in the second portion of the duodenum, especially around the papilla Vateri and only two have previously been reported in the jejunum. The histogenesis of the tumors is unclear, but they may probably be either hamartomas, hyperplastic or neoplastic proliferations of so called endodermal-neuroectodermal complexes. Although gangliocytic paragangliomas contain a carcinoid-like component, they behave in a benign fashion, and metastases or recidives have not been noticed. Tumors with a pedicle may be endoscopically removed without complications.
 ...
PMID:[Pedunculated polypoid gangliocytic paraganglioma of the afferent jejunal loop of a Billroth II stomach]. 368 74

The clinical and pathologic features of 10 patients with malignant melanoma metastatic to the ovary were studied. Seven were from surgical patients who presented with possible primary ovarian neoplasms and three were autopsy cases. Six had unilateral involvement, and all but one of the metastases were grossly cystic. Two predominant histologic patterns were identified: the more common (six cases) consisted of small oval to spindle-shaped cells with inconspicuous or absent melanin pigment and a focal storiform architecture. Three of these six were initially misinterpreted as ovarian stromal neoplasms. The other four tumors had large epithelioid cells with abundant cytoplasm and melanin pigment, and were readily classified as metastatic melanoma. Six of the seven surgical cases were reactive with antibodies to S-100 protein and vimentin but nonreactive with antibodies to keratin.
 ...
PMID:Malignant melanoma metastatic to the ovary. 368 2

Choroid plexus neoplasms account for less than 1% of all intracranial tumors, with papillomas (CPPs) more frequent than carcinomas (CPCs). Immunocytochemical characterization of these neoplasms has been limited. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), S100 protein, and keratin have been variably demonstrated by others. Ten cases were identified at two hospitals over a 25-year period; six were children and four were adults. There were seven cases of CPP and three of CPC. Extracranial metastases occurred in one case of CPC and multiple local recurrences were common. Immunohistochemical examination was performed with polyclonal antibodies to keratin, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), desmin, neurofilament, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and S100 protein, and with monoclonal antibodies to vimentin, 45- to 54-kd cytokeratin (CKER), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Among the seven cases of CPP, five were positive for CKER, three for keratin, two for CEA, two for NSE, and five for S100. Three cases of CPC were positive for CEA, three for CKER, and two for keratin. With one exception, when a neoplasm was positive for CEA and S100 it was also positive for CKER. Positivity for CEA in this group was associated with a more aggressive histologic pattern and heralded a worse prognosis. S100 immunoreactivity appeared to predominate in well-differentiated neoplasms. Keratin and CKER were found in both CPP and CPC, but may be useful in the distinction from ependymomas. Statistical analysis resulted in the following classification rule: If the CEA stain is positive and the S100 stain is negative, then the tumor is malignant; otherwise, the tumor is benign.
 ...
PMID:Choroid plexus neoplasms. Clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical studies. 371 96

The cytoskeleton of colon (11 cases) and breast adenocarcinomas (9 cases) was characterized with the use of immunohistochemistry on tissue sections and one- and two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis of cytoskeletal extracts of tumor cells. By immunofluorescence, antibodies to epidermal cytokeratin (CK) and Mallory body CK recognized cytoplasmic filaments +/- desmosomal contacts, respectively, in both colon and breast adenocarcinomas. In addition, cytoskeletal extracts of both tumors showed similar CK polypeptides by 2-D gel electrophoresis. By immunoperoxidase, anti-actin antibody stained the apical margin of tumor cells in eight (73%) colon adenocarcinomas and four of five metastases, while diffuse cytoplasmic staining was seen in only one (9%) breast adenocarcinoma and not in five metastases. With 2-D gel electrophoresis, a cytoskeletal-associated doublet polypeptide was found in seven (64%) colon adenocarcinomas but not in the breast adenocarcinomas. By immunoblotting, the doublet did not consist of CK polypeptides, vimentin, or type IV collagen. These findings may facilitate the differentiation of colon and breast adenocarcinomas.
 ...
PMID:The use of cytoskeletal characteristics of tumor cells for the diagnosis of colon and breast adenocarcinomas. 378 57

Although numerous animal tumor models have been used to study colon carcinoma, few display metastatic properties. We have characterized an animal tumor model that has 3 properties essential for the study of metastasis of colon carcinoma cells: epithelial cell origin; a reproducible pattern of metastatic behavior and the ability to be propagated both in vitro and in vivo to facilitate identification of biochemical correlates of metastasis. The K12/TR cell line was derived from a transplantable colon carcinoma induced by dimethylhydrazine in the BD-1X rat strain. Transmission electron microscopy of K12/TR cells demonstrated junctional complexes, desmosomes and surface microvilli characteristic of gastrointestinal epithelial cells. The epithelial cell origin of K12/TR was confirmed by demonstrating the presence of keratin, a marker of epithelial cells, but not vimentin, a constituent of mesenchymal cells. Secretion of CEA and Ca19-9 antigens by K12/TR cells in vitro was below the sensitivity of the assays (1 ng/ml and 6 U/ml respectively). K12/TR cells produced tumors following s.c. injection into syngeneic BD-1X rats, allogeneic RNU/rnuDF rats and xenogeneic CRL:nu/nuBR mice. Macroscopic lung metastases were observed in animals from all 3 groups. Distal lymph node metastases were more frequent in BD-1X rats than in nude rats or mice. The histological appearances of all tumors and metastases were similar, showing a moderate to poorly differentiated glandular carcinoma. Intrasplenic injections of K12/TR cells in nude mice resulted in liver colonization. Preferential growth of tumor cells at sites of trauma was also observed. The results show that the K12/TR system can be used as a model to study metastasis of colon carcinoma cells and may find utility in the testing of chemotherapeutic agents against metastatic lesions.
 ...
PMID:Characterization of an animal model of metastatic colon carcinoma. 380 94

Twenty-three cases of intramuscular myxoma were analyzed clinically and histologically. The mean age of the patients was 54 years, and two-thirds were women. Clinical follow-up of 2 to 17 years' duration revealed no recurrences or metastases. Intramuscular myxoma thus appears to be a completely benign tumor. One patient simultaneously had a myxoma in the muscle of the thigh and a lesion of fibrous dysplasia in the femur. In addition, 14 of 16 patients studied with x-ray had a significantly higher incidence of minor abnormalities in bones as compared with the normal population. The myxomas were characterized histologically by sparse cellularity, abundant intercellular material digestible with hyaluronidase, and lack of mitotic figures. At the ultrastructural level, the tumor cells showed characteristics of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. Immunohistochemical analysis of intermediate filament proteins revealed vimentin- but no desmin-positivity in the tumor cells, and endothelial cell markers as well as S-100 protein were absent. This is compatible with fibroblastic-myofibroblastic nature of the myxoma cells.
 ...
PMID:Intramuscular myxoma--a clinicopathological study of twenty-three cases. 403 56

Antibodies against constitutive proteins of different types of intermediate-sized filaments were used in immunofluorescence microscopy on frozen sections of normal rat liver and various rat liver tumors induced by treatment with nitrosamines. Antibodies to tonofilament prekeratin stained bile duct epithelia and hepatocytes of normal liver and hepatocellular carcinoma cells and ductal cells of cholangiofibromas. These cells were not significantly stained by antibodies to vimentin. By contrast, antibodies to vimentin stained mesenchymal cells of normal liver and cells of early and advanced angiosarcomas and of undifferentiated spindle cell sarcoma. These mesenchymal tumor cells were not stained with antibodies to prekeratin. The presence of intermediate-sized filaments in these tumors, often in large whorl-like aggregates, was also demonstrated by electron microscopy. The results show that immunofluorescence microscopy with antibodies to cytoskeletal proteins is a powerful tool for the classification and differential diagnosis of mesenchymal and epithelial liver tumors. We propose that staining with antibodies to proteins of different types of intermediate filaments can be used to improve the identification of tumors of other organs, including metastases, as well as non-neoplastic proliferative lesions.
 ...
PMID:Liver tumors distinguished by immunofluorescence microscopy with antibodies to proteins of intermediate-sized filaments. 615 36


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>