Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cisplatin (cis-diammine-dichloroplatinum) treatment induced partial remission of pulmonary metastatic malignant mesenchymoma and nearly complete radiographic remission of hypertrophic osteopathy in a 14-year-old Beagle. Cisplatin was given once every 3 weeks. Clinical signs of hypertrophic osteopathy resolved one week after initiation of treatment. Partial remission of pulmonary metastases and partial radiographic remission of hypertrophic osteopathy was seen 6 weeks after initiation of treatment. Previous treatment of neoplasia-related hypertrophic osteopathy has consisted of removal of the initiating mass or vagotomy. In this case, appropriate chemotherapy was used to control clinical signs and progression of hypertrophic osteopathy.
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PMID:Use of cisplatin for control of metastatic malignant mesenchymoma and hypertrophic osteopathy in a dog. 276 61

In a phase II study, patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck were treated with simultaneous chemoradiotherapy. Treatment was divided into three courses. Chemotherapy consisted of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (cisplatin [cis-DDP]) 60 mg/m2 intravenously (IV), fluorouracil (5-FUra) 350 mg/m2 IV, and folinic acid (leucovorin calcium [FA]) 50 mg/m2 IV on day 2 as bolus, and 5-FUra 350 mg/m2 over 24 hours and FA 100 mg/m2 over 24 hours on days 2 through 5. Radiotherapy consisted of 23.4 Gy over nine days divided into 13 fractions of 1.8 Gy each delivered twice a day from day 3 through day 11. This regimen was repeated on days 22 and 44. Total radiation dose amounted to 70.2 Gy over 51 days. Between August 1984 and October 1986, 62 (modified AJCC stage III, four; IV A, eight; IV B, 50) consecutive patients were entered in the study. Three patients died during treatment due to tumor hemorrhage. Of 59 patients, 48 (81%) achieved a clinically complete response (cCR); 11 (19%) achieved a partial response (cPR). Mean follow-up of the surviving patients was 29+ (24 to 44) months. Actuarial 2-year survival probability is 52%, including three early deaths from tumor bleeding. Tumor and neck nodes control rates at 2 years were 92% for stage III and IV A patients and 65% for stage IV B patients. Patients with cCR had a significantly better 2-year tumor and neck nodes control probability compared with patients who achieved cPR after therapy (P less than .001). Six patients developed distant metastases. Overall toxicity was tolerable, mucositis particularly was not a limiting factor.
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PMID:Cisplatin, fluorouracil with leucovorin calcium enhancement, and synchronous accelerated radiotherapy in the management of locally advanced head and neck cancer: a phase II study. 278 93

There is increasing evidence that selected patients with small-cell carcinoma of the lung (SCCL) may benefit from surgical resection. Since 1983, sixteen patients (aged 40-72 years) with limited SCCL underwent surgical resection before any other treatment. Criteria for patient selection were the following: 1) no pre-operative histological diagnosis or 2) pre-operative diagnosis of T1 or T2 SCCL, without evidence of both distant and mediastinal node metastases. All patients had potentially, curative resection (lobectomy: 11 cases; pneumonectomy: 5 cases). Postoperatively patients were classified as stage I in 7 cases, as stage II in 3 cases and as stage III in 6 cases. All subjects but one subsequently received adjuvant chemotherapy (Cisplatin; Adriamycin; VP-16). Prophylactic cranial irradiation was not given. Median survival time was 15.2 months for the whole group of patients, 19.6 months for stage I patients, 16 months for stage II patients and 9.7 months for stage III patients. The 2-year survival rate was 32% for all cases, 63% for stage I cases and 0% for stage II and stage III cases. Three stage I patients are alive and disease-free, 24, 26 and 31 months after resection, respectively. The brain was the most common site of initial relapse in stage I cases. These results suggest that surgery might favor intrathoracic disease control exclusively in stage I and stage II patients. Resection seems to be contraindicated in N2 tumors. If treatment policy is to achieve total disease control, prophylactic cranial irradiation should be recommended, notably in patients with stage I SCCL.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Selective surgical resection in the management of small-cell carcinoma of the lung. 282 7

Between February 1983 and January 1986, the National Cancer Institute of Canada conducted a prospective randomized trial comparing best supportive care (BSC) with two chemotherapy regimens: Vindesine and cisplatin (Platinol) (VP) and cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (CAP). Twenty-three centers across Canada entered 251 patients on the basis of measurable or evaluable disease, with either distant metastases or bulky limited disease considered inoperable and unsuitable for radical radiation therapy; 233 patients were eligible for evaluation. The overall response rates on the chemotherapy arms were: VP, 25.3%; CAP, 15.3%. The median survival rates were: VP, 32.6 weeks; CAP, 24.7 weeks; BSC, 17 weeks. Toxicity on the chemotherapy arms was significant. Although better therapies are required, the data in this study clearly indicate that VP and CAP combination chemotherapy confers a modest survival advantage over BSC in advanced non-small cell lung cancer.
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PMID:Combination chemotherapy confers modest survival advantage in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer: report of a Canadian multicenter randomized trial. 285 Nov 77

The purpose of this trial was to investigate the impact of systemic combination chemotherapy on survival and recurrence patterns in incompletely resected non-small-cell lung cancer. Incomplete resection was defined as presence of residual tumor in the resection margin or by presence of metastasis in the highest paratracheal lymph node sampled during protocol-directed surgical staging of the mediastinum. One hundred seventy-two patients were randomized to receive either postoperative radiotherapy (RT) alone or postoperative RT plus chemotherapy with CAP (Cytoxan [cyclophosphamide; Bristol Myers, Evansville, IN], Adriamycin [doxorubicin; Adria Laboratories, Columbus, OH], and Platinol [cisplatin; Bristol Myers]) for 6 months. One hundred sixty-four patients were eligible for analysis at a mean time since randomization of 3.7 years. The chemotherapy arm showed significantly longer recurrence-free survival (two-sided Mantel-Haenszel log rank test, P = .004). This difference holds true for nonsquamous patients (P = .01), and approaches significance for squamous patients as well (P = .08). There was a 14% difference in survival rate favoring the chemotherapy arm 1 year after randomization. Analysis of sites of recurrence showed a significant decrease in distant metastases in the chemotherapy arm. Median survival for the entire group was approximately 17 months, and 35% are alive 2 years after resection. Toxicity of treatment consisted of esophagitis (mild-moderate by Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group [ECOG] criteria) and predictable hematologic, gastrointestinal (GI), and skin toxicity expected from CAP.
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PMID:The benefit of adjuvant treatment for resected locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. The Lung Cancer Study Group. 289 98

Drug resistance is a major problem in chemotherapy of squamous cell head and neck cancers (SCHNC). Since glutathione (GSH) plays a crucial role in mediating tumor cell resistance against various toxic insults, GSH metabolism in SCHNC xenografts was investigated. Xenografts from lymph node metastases contained markedly higher GSH concentrations compared with those derived from the corresponding primary lesions. After subcurative chemotherapy with cisplatin (DDP), a significant increase of both GSH levels and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activity (gamma-GT) was gained in tumor HT1M. Tumor HT3M showed high concentrations of GSH and gamma-GT, although these latter concentrations did not increase following chemotherapy with DDP. These findings suggest a possible impact of GSH metabolism on both the formation of metastases and the phenomenon of drug resistance in SCHNC.
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PMID:Glutathione content and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activity in squamous cell head and neck cancer xenografts. 290 36

Cisplatin, alone or in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents, is relatively inactive against metastatic melanoma. Prior trials have demonstrated partial response (PR) rates of less than 10% with cisplatin alone. WR-2721 is an organic thiophosphate compound, which in the animal model, selectively protects normal tissues against the toxicity of cisplatin chemotherapy. During the course of a phase I trial of WR-2721 and cisplatin, objective PRs were noted in patients with far advanced metastatic melanoma. These observations led us to perform a phase II trial of WR-2721 and cisplatin. Thirty-six patients received 128 courses of WR-2721 before cisplatin (60 to 150 mg/m2). All patients had progressive disease before treatment. Objective PRs were observed in 19 of 36 evaluable patients (53%). Three additional patients had minor responses (MRs). PRs occurred in 53% of patients with prior chemotherapy (ten of 19). Sites of responding metastases were subcutaneous disease (15 of 19 patients), lymph nodes (16 of 21 patients), lung (four of ten patients), and liver (eight of 17 patients). The median duration of response was 4 months, with a mean of 4.5 months (range, 1 to 8 months). Transient nephrotoxicity was observed in less than 5% of courses. In all cases, renal function returned to normal within 1 to 2 weeks. Hematologic toxicity was mild and infrequent. Nine patients developed peripheral neuropathy following a median cisplatin dose of 670 mg/m2. Twenty patients experienced mild clinical hearing loss. These data suggest that WR-2721 may potentiate the antitumor activity of cisplatin in metastatic melanoma.
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PMID:WR-2721 and high-dose cisplatin: an active combination in the treatment of metastatic melanoma. 303 Dec 24

Since October 1984, 39 patients have been treated with cisplatin based chemotherapy for advanced bladder tumour of for pelvic recurrence or metastasis after total cystectomy. Cisplatin-methotrexate protocol (23 cases): 2 cases died during the first two cycles and 21 were evaluated after three cycles: only 39% of objective responses (2 CR-5 PR-2 MR) were observed with a mean survival not exceeding 12.6 months (7 deaths, 2 patients alive at the present time). All of the non-responders died within 4 to 16 months following the start of treatment (mean survival: 8.7 months). These particularly disappointing results led to the suspension of this protocol. Cisplatin-methotrexate-vinblastine protocol: 16 cases since September 1986. Eleven patients have been evaluated after three cycles: 3 CR-3 PR-5 PROG. The C.M.V. protocol appears to have a superior efficacy, principally on bladder, lymph node or lung lesions, at the cost of a higher but acceptable toxicity. Hepatic and central nervous system metastases were observed secondarily in this case.
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PMID:[Cisplatin-based chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced-stage tumors of the bladder]. 306 87

A 47-year-old male was diagnosed as having gastric cancer with metastases to liver, para-aorta node and Virchow node. He was treated with EAP (Etoposide, Adriamycin, Cisplatin) therapy, as a result of which a partial response was obtained according to the criteria of the Jpn. Soc. Cancer. Ther. The response was disappearance of subjective symptoms and Virchow's metastasis and reduction of chief tumor and liver metastases. However, this therapy was accompanied by severe side effects such as leucopenia and thrombocytopenia, but in this case, these side effects improved within 20 days.
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PMID:[A case of gastric carcinoma remarkably responding to etoposide, adriamycin and cisplatin (EAP) therapy]. 317 44

From October 1985 to February 1988, 41 patients with invasive bladder cancers were treated with transurethral resection (TUR) and radiotherapy with simultaneous cisplatin chemotherapy at the University Hospital in Erlangen. Radiotherapy was performed as primary treatment in case of macroscopic residual tumor after TUR (n = 22) or as adjuvant treatment in patients with macroscopically complete transurethral resection (n = 19). Age ranged from 44 to 77 years. Radiotherapy was given in daily fractions of 1.8 Gy. The pelvis was treated with a box up to 41.4 Gy and the bladder was boosted up to 50.4 Gy by a rotation technique. Cisplatin was administered in the first and fifth treatment week on five consecutive days with 25 mg cisplatin/m2 per day as short infusion. Pathohistologic response was examined by control cystoscopy with biopsies from the deep layers 6 weeks after completing radiochemotherapy. Maximum follow-up is 24 months after control cystoscopy. After TUR plus radiochemotherapy, histologically confirmed complete remission rates according to T-stage were: 7/8 T1-, 26/31 T2-3-, and 2/2 T4-tumors. In patients with macroscopic tumor prior to radiochemotherapy, histological and cytological complete remission was achieved in 2/3 T1-, 14/18 T2-3-, and 1/1 T4-cancers with an overall complete response rate of 77%. In complete responders, 3 isolated local recurrences (2 T1- and one T3-recurrence) and two local recurrences with distant metastases have occurred until now. Six patients had only partial response. Mild to moderate side effects occurred frequently, but overall treatment tolerance was good even in older patients. Complications did not occur. So far, 7 cystectomies have been performed, 6 were a result of persistent or recurrent tumor and one a result of a contracted bladder after multiple TURs. Thirty-four of forty-one patients (83%!) maintained their bladder and normal bladder function. In conclusion, moderate dose radiation therapy (50 Gy) in combination with simultaneous cisplatin chemotherapy is a well-tolerated treatment and highly effective for controlling local disease and preservation of bladder function in invasive bladder cancers.
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PMID:Preliminary results of treatment of invasive bladder carcinoma with radiotherapy and cisplatin. 318 27


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