Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three typical metastatic clones, designated N-1, N-4, and N-5, were isolated in vitro from a murine colon adenocarcinoma 26 cell line (Colon 26). The incidence of spontaneous metastasis was highest in N-4 (85%), moderate in N-5 and Colon 26 (50 and 53%, respectively) and lowest in N-1 (0%). The major target organ of metastasis was the lung. Among the clones, N-4 showed higher lung colonizing potential after intravenous inoculation, higher tumorigenicity and higher saturation density in culture. Cell-surface analysis of cloned cells by 125I-labeled lectins revealed significant reduction of the number of concanavalin A (Con A)-binding sites in highly metastatic N-4 cells. In sodium dodecyl sulfate-slab gel analysis of cellular glycoproteins, a 94,000-dalton component, which is reactive to Con A, was more intensely observed in N-1 as compared with other clones and parental Colon 26. These clones could provide a new model for the study of metastasis of colon carcinoma.
Invasion Metastasis 1984
PMID:Isolation and characterization of highly and rarely metastatic clones from murine colon adenocarcinoma 26. 673 40

Urinary glycosaminoglycan excretion was examined in 25 individuals with bladder cancer in comparison to glycosaminoglycan excretion by eight normal individuals. Urinary glycosaminoglycan was isolated by gel filtration and quantified as macromolecular uronate concentration. Electrophoresis in calcium acetate and densitometry of Alcian blue-stained electrophoretograms were used to separate and quantify the relative amounts of individual glycosaminoglycans. Elevated excretion of macromolecular uronate was noted in 53% of the cancer cases. The highest levels were found among individuals with metastatic disease. Three electrophoretic bands were always detected in the control and cancer groups: chondroitin sulfate, heparan sulfate (both confirmed by chemical and enzymatic degradation), and a third band (Band 1) of unknown composition. A fourth band, corresponding to dermatan sulfate, was seen in some high-grade metastatic tumors. Band 1 excretion was elevated in a significant fraction of all patients. Seven of 12 metastatic cases but only two of 13 localized cases showed increased heparan sulfate excretion. Diagnostic limits were drawn from the observed distributions of normals, and with these limits 92% of the cancer cases, including 12 of 12 metastatic cases, could be identified. The results strongly suggest noninvasive urinary glycosaminoglycan analysis may well provide a new biochemical approach for detecting and monitoring the pathogeneses of bladder cancer.
 ...
PMID:Urinary glycosaminoglycan excretion as a biochemical marker in patients with bladder carcinoma. 679 29

Metastatic basal cell carcinoma is a rare, malignant neoplasm associated with poor survival. A 63-year-old woman had an extensive primary keratinizing basal cell carcinoma of the scalp, with metastases to the regional lymph nodes of the neck. Disease in the primary site and in the regional lymph nodes was controlled by surgery and irradiation. However, skeletal metastases that responded to therapy with three courses of cisplatin and bleomycin sulfate and then to ten courses of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil developed. Subsequent progressive metastases failed to respond to a combined cisplatin and cyclophosphamide regimen as well as to etoposide and doxorubicin hydrochloride used as single agents.
 ...
PMID:Chemotherapy for metastatic basal cell carcinoma. 684 64

The distribution of the basement membrane glycoprotein laminin was studied by the immunoperoxidase technique in benign and malignant human breast tissue and in axillary lymph nodes from patients with breast cancer. An antiserum prepared against rat laminin was used. The specificity of this antiserum against human laminin was studied using the FL cell line of human epithelial-like cells derived from normal amniotic membrane. The antiserum reacted with these cells in immunoperoxidase staining and precipitated metabolically labeled secreted polypeptides which comigrated with polypeptides with molecular weights of 400,000 and 200,000 of rat laminin in sodium dodecyl sulfate:polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The neoplastic cells in malignant breast tissues showed strong cytoplasmic staining for laminin, and a positive reaction was aslo found in lymph node metastases. In some cases in which only micrometastases were present, these cells also stained strongly for laminin. In nonmalignant breast tissues, the epithelial cells of the duct were positive for laminin, but the staining was weaker than in the carcinomas. Pretreatment of the fixed tissue sections with trypsin markedly enhanced the staining of basement membranes for laminin. In trypsin-treated sections of normal breast tissue and benign lesions, the laminin staining delineated continuous basement membranes. In carcinomas representing the more differentiated types, basement membranes presumably produced by the tumor cells could be revealed by laminin staining, but they were thinner and discontinuous. The poorly differentiated carcinomas lacked organized basement membranes detectable by laminin staining. Our studies suggest that staining for laminin may be a useful adjunct test for detection of micrometatases in lymph nodes. The correlation of disintegration of the laminin-containing basement membranes of tumors with increasingly anaplastic appearance supports the notion that basement membranes may play a role in tumor invasion.
 ...
PMID:Basement membrane changes in breast cancer detected by immunohistochemical staining for laminin. 703 Apr 83

Vinblastine sulfate 0.10-0.15 mg/kg IV every week, was given to 37 patients with bidimensionally measurable, metastatic transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelial tract. Twenty-eight patients, the majority of whom had received extensive prior chemotherapy, had an adequate trial and five (18%; 95% confidence limits, 3-33%) achieved a partial remission (greater than 50% decrease in tumor size) of 2-5 months' duration. Responding sites included lung and nodal metastases. Toxicity, primarily leukopenia, was mild to moderate. The 18% response rate obtained in heavily pretreated cases suggests that vinblastine sulfate has some efficacy in the treatment of patients with advanced urothelial tract tumors.
 ...
PMID:Phase II trial of vinblastine sulfate for metastatic urothelial tract tumors. 709 86

During an 8-year period 63 consecutive patients were treated for the first time for extensive metastatic nonseminomatous testicular cancer. Four patients did not respond sufficiently to chemotherapy to be considered surgical candidates, while 59 underwent surgical resection of retroperitoneal disease. Of these 59 patients 19 had concomitant wedge resection of associated pulmonary disease and 9 had a planned subsequent resection of residual pulmonary disease. Of the 63 patients 16 had stage B3 disease alone and 47 presented with pulmonary metastases associated with varying degrees of retroperitoneal disease. The most important determinant for survival was extent of pulmonary disease. Of 17 deaths 14 occurred among patients presenting with extensive pulmonary disease. Patients with minimal to moderate pulmonary disease have done well regardless of the extent of coexistent abdominal disease, 24 of 27 (89 per cent) remaining in sustained complete remission. Of 16 patients with massive palpable abdominal disease (B3) without coexistent pulmonary metastases 15 (94 per cent) survived free of tumor. The combination of extensive pulmonary and abdominal disease with or without liver involvement has a poor prognosis, with only 35 per cent of these patients remaining in sustained complete remission. Preoperative combination chemotherapy with platinum, vinblastine sulfate and bleomycin has improved survival free of tumor in this group compared to other combinations not including platinum (47 compared to 20 per cent) but the results in this selected group of patients are significantly worse than those seen for all other patients with lesser extent of disease. Tumor recurrence more than 9 months after achieving complete remission has not been noted during following to 10 years. A plea is made for cases of advanced disease (B3 and/or C) to be reported according to the extent of pulmonary disease as well as the associated abdominal disease, since analysis of these data reveals striking differences in patient survival, ranging from 100 to 35 per cent according to subgrouping.
 ...
PMID:Advanced metastatic testicular cancer: the need for reporting results according to initial extent of disease. 710 98

With the use of a rat 13762 mammary adenocarcinoma tumor, we have examined the relationship between cellular fibronectin (FN) expression and ability to metastasize spontaneously to regional lymphatic and distant blood-borne sites. This model is based on the isolation and establishment of cell clones from primary parental tumor and from spontaneous metastases that show differing metastatic potentials when implanted s.c. into the mammary fat pads of syngeneic female Fischer 344/CRBL rats. Cellular FN expression was determined in tissue culture as well as primary and secondary tumor sites, utilizing: (a) indirect immunofluorescence microscopy with a specific anti-rat FN antibody (in vitro and in vivo grown cells); (b) competition radioimmunoassay for cell-released FN (in vitro grown cells); and (c) surface labeling by radioiodination-sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis-autoradiography for cell surface-bound FN (in vitro grown cells). Tissue culture-grown parental tumor clones displayed FN at their cell surfaces. At confluency, they expressed higher quantities of FN at their peripheries and in fibrillar structures between adjacent cells and released greater amounts of this glycoprotein. Lung metastases-derived tumor clones released negligible amounts of FN by radioimmunoassay and failed to express detectable amounts of FN by indirect immunofluorescence and cell surface-labeling techniques. However, when parental tumor- and metastasis-derived clones of widely different metastatic potentials were carefully examined for FN expression and release, there was no obvious relationship between metastasis and FN expression or release in culture or display in tumors at primary or secondary sites. The results suggest that expression or release of FN per se is not a determinant of metastasis, although it may be a factor in certain steps of the metastatic sequence.
 ...
PMID:Distribution of fibronectin on clonal cell lines of a rat mammary adenocarcinoma growing in vitro and in vivo at primary and metastatic sites. 730 9

The soft-agar stem-cell assay was applied to head and neck cancer. We have successfully grown 23 (64%) of 36 head and neck tumors from both primary lesions and metastases. More poorly differentiated tumors had positive cultures more frequently than well-differentiated tumors. The plating efficiency (colonies per cells in the inoculum) averaged 0.006% (range, 0.001% to 0.08%). The system allows testing and sensitivity of individual tumors to cancericidal drugs, and our initial trials using methotrexate, bleomycin sulfate, and cisplatin (cisplatinum) show a high degree of variability between individual tumors.
 ...
PMID:Culture of human head and neck cancer stem cells using soft agar. 742 37

The activities of arylsulfatases A and B were determined in human primary and secondary tumor tissues (total, 53 cases) of various histological types. Significantly higher activities of these sulfatases were found in almost all the primary lung carcinomas as compared to their corresponding uninvolved tissues. No significant correlation was demonstrated between the enzyme activities and histological figures (stroma amounts, etc.). Lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma showed the presence of an additional arylsulfatase component (B1) which was not detected in normal human lung. The tumor arylsulfatase B1 had an isoelectric point (pI) of 6.7 and was clearly distinguished from arylsulfatase A (pI 4.9) and arylsulfatase B (pI 9.1 to 9.2) in normal lung and lung tumor. The tumor B1 enzyme was demonstrated to be most probably an isoenzyme of arylsulfatase B, since this unusual enzyme was indistinguishable from arylsulfatase B in terms of Ag+ inhibition; its kinetic parameters of Km for p-nitrocatechol sulfate, which was 2.9 mM with B1; optimum pH of 6.3 for B1; heat stability; and substrate specificity for three synthetic and two physiological substrates.
 ...
PMID:Elevated activities and properties of arylsulfatases A and B and B-variant in human lung tumors. 743 63

An IgM lambda human tumor cell-reactive monoclonal antibody was developed that reacts with cells of ovarian cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, and certain other malignancies. The monoclonal antibody AC6C3-2B12, which was obtained from a recent recloning, was purified from tissue culture supernatants and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography and sodium dodecyl sulfate-PAGE. An animal model was developed in which human tumors grew either as solid peritoneal metastases or as s.c. nodules utilizing the human colorectal carcinoma cell line SW620. The biodistribution of 111In-labeled IgM conjugate was studied after i.v. or i.p. administration in nude mice bearing an s.c. xenograft or peritoneal tumor lumps of a human colorectal carcinoma (SW620). IgM administered i.v. cleared rapidly from blood and was deposited mainly in the liver [50% injected dose/g (ID)/g)], pancreas (20% ID/g), and kidney (10% ID/g) at 24 h. Tumor deposition was low (< or = 1.0% ID/g) in the s.c. tumor xenograft. In contrast, high tumor targeting (29% ID/g) was found in peritoneal tumor lumps after i.p. administration of 111In-labeled IgM. The biological half-life of IgM in the tumor was 100 h. Long peritoneal residence time (t 1/2 = 67 h) and low liver uptake (7% ID/g) were observed after i.p. administration. Blood activity was < 1% of the injected activity. Tumor:normal organ ratios were high (range, 2-290) from 2 to 144 h after i.p. administration. Whole body autoradiograms at 24 h after i.p. 111In-labeled IgM administration confirmed the biodistribution results. In normal beagle dogs, 75% of the i.p.-administered 111In-IgM decayed in the peritoneal cavity. The majority of the remaining radioactivity was taken up by mediastinal lymph nodes. Biological half-life in both locations was approximately 137 h. The i.p. administration of intact, specific radiolabeled IgM provides prolonged retention of radioactivity in tumor, low normal tissue uptake, a long peritoneal residence time, and very limited spillover of IgM into the circulation. This approach offers a promising new method for the diagnosis and treatment of certain patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis.
 ...
PMID:Preclinical analysis of intraperitoneal administration of 111In-labeled human tumor reactive monoclonal IgM AC6C3-2B12. 749 38


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>