Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Levamisole was tested to determine whether the drug could reduce metastases by HSV-1-transformed cells in a model hamster system. The results presented reveal an inhibition of metastases to the lungs even when the drug is inoculated after development of subcutaneous tumors at the site of inoculation of the cells.
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PMID:Inhibition by levamisole of metastases by cells transformed by herpes simplex virus type I. 16 74

Nineteen outpatients with malignant melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, who had surgical resection for complete removal of the tumor and no demonstrable metastases following surgery, were administered Levamisole (p.o., 150 mg per day, two days per week) and maintained on this dose for at least six months. Of this group, drug therapy was discontinued in four patients because of severe "flu-like" syndromes leaving a group of 15 patients for detailed analysis. T-lymphocyte percentages and levels, cAMP levels in the lymphocytes and a battery of skin tests for recall antigens were evaluated following surgery and at various intervals during immunotherapy. Patients who responded well to the treatment showed increased levels of T-lymphocytes and increased cAMP levels, whereas non-responders had low T-cell levels and low cAMP levels. Also positive skin test reactions were observed in most patients who responded well to immunotherapy, although this was the least reliable indicator of patient response. Eight of the nine patients in the melanoma group have responded well clinically, whereas five of the six squamous cell carcinoma patients have developed recurrences.
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PMID:Immunocompetence of cancer patients treated with Levamisole. 18 94

Levamisole has been examined for its ability to control local growth and pulmonary metastases of transplanted rat tumours. The compound did not suppress subcutaneous growth of 3-methylcholanthrene induced sarcomata when administered systemically in a variety of regimens, or when injected in admixture with tumour cells. In addition, levamisole treatment failed to suppress pulmonary growth of intravenously transferred sarcoma cells or spontaneous pulmonary metastases appearing after surgical removal of a transplanted epithelioma.
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PMID:Levamisole treatment of local and metastatic growth of transplanted rat tumours. 123 79

The prognosis of colon cancer after curative resection is mainly related to the onset of metastases, and especially of liver metastases. In order to prevent metastatic recurrences, the value of adjuvant medical therapy is widely admitted. The aim of the present review was to analyse the conclusions of the main recent randomized trials assessing the comparative value of different adjuvant protocols. The results obtained using either classic systemic infusion or intraportal infusion, which is mainly used with the intent of preventing liver metastases, are reported. At term of this review, we conclude that: adjuvant chemotherapy using combined drugs (5-Fluorouracil + Methyl CCNU, 5-Fluorouracil + Oncovin) did not prove to be more active than 5-FU alone. the beneficial action of a combined 5-FU + Levamisole regimen has been clearly demonstrated for patients with a Dukes C tumor. intraportal adjuvant therapy has been shown to be effective for patients with Dukes B tumors in only one limited trial but this remains to be confirmed. On the basis of the present data, new adjuvant programs using combined chemotherapeutic and immunotherapeutic compounds, and combined systemic and regional infusion, can be envisaged.
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PMID:[Does an efficacious adjuvant treatment exist in resected colonic carcinoma?]. 158 19

The Radiation Therapy Oncology Group conducted a Phase III single blind trial to evaluate the addition of Levamisole to post-operative thoracic irradiation (200 cGy five times weekly to a total of 5000 cGy plus 1000 cGy boost) in patients with resected RTOG Stage II-III non-small cell lung cancer with positive nodes. Between February 1980 and February 1983, 74 patients from 18 RTOG institutions were randomized; accrual to this study was prematurely terminated due to poor accrual and the inferior survival observed in the levamisole-treated patients on another RTOG trial. Sixty-four patients were evaluable; 32 assigned to levamisole and 32 were assigned to placebo. Over 95% of the patients have been followed for a minimum of 4 years or to death. Two patients on placebo and 5 on levamisole experienced Grade 3 pneumonitis or esophagitis; 1 patient on placebo and 2 on levamisole experienced Grade 3 pulmonary fibrosis. Three patients on levamisole experienced other Grade 3 or 4 toxicity: 1 case of intractable nausea and vomiting and 2 with Grade 4 neutropenia (less than 500 per mm3). There were no fatal complications. Median disease-free survival was 13 months in the placebo group and 9 months for the levamisole group. Median time to distant metastases was 18 and 12 months, and median survival was 20 and 13 months, respectively. We concluded that this study failed to demonstrate an advantage for levamisole.
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PMID:Post-operative thoracic irradiation with or without levamisole in non-small cell lung cancer: results of a Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Study. 282 70

The effect of levamisole combined with postoperative radiotherapy in Stage II breast cancer was investigated in a double-blind randomized study comprising 72 patients. All patients were followed for at least 5 years. Disease-free survival was slightly prolonged in the levamisole group as a whole. Among postmenopausal patients, levamisole significantly increased both disease-free and total survival (P = 0.003) and P = 0.008, respectively). The levamisole group also showed fewer distant metastases as the first sign of recurrence. Levamisole treatment was associated with a risk of granulocytopenia and agranulocytosis (10%), but, as in the authors' previous studies, this seemed to be totally reversible and did not worsen the prognosis.
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PMID:Levamisole in the treatment of stage II breast cancer. Five-year follow-up of a randomized double-blind study. 298 23

Levamisole (LMS) was given to stage III gastric cancer patients starting three days before gastrectomy, at a does of 150 mg/day for three consecutive days every other week. Survival rates of these patients were compared with those of stage III gastric cancer patients previously operated in our Department who had not received levamisole. The background factors of both groups were matched as closely as possible. Both groups were concomitantly treated with mitomycin C and FT-207. The survival rate of the LMS group was significantly higher than that of the control group when the tumor had a diameter of 4.0-8.0 cm, cancer cells infiltrated to the gastric serosa, there were metastases within the regional lymph nodes, cancer cells slightly invaded the venous capillaren and there was moderate infiltration of the stroma.
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PMID:Immunochemotherapy with levamisole for stage III gastric cancer patients. 642 Oct 90

The effectiveness of Levamisole combined with Mitomycin-C, FT-207 and PS-K for treating gastric cancer was investigated in a prospective randomized controlled study. All patients had undergone gastrectomy during the years from August 1977 to November 1980. Five year survival rates revealed no difference between groups given or not given Levamisole. In those with positive lymph node metastases plus obvious serosal invasion, there was a significant elevation in the survival rate at four years after gastrectomy. The effectiveness of Levamisole was confirmed by postoperative changes in the PPD skin test, lymphocyte blastogenesis to PHA and serum inhibition index.
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PMID:Effects of Levamisole in adjuvant immunochemotherapy for gastric cancer; a prospective randomized controlled study. 642 70

The effect of C. parvum and/or levamisole on tumour growth and spontaneous dissemination was tested in two tumour-host systems, melanoma B16 and LLT in C57BL/6J mice. C. parvum inhibited the growth of LLT and its dissemination to the lungs and the growth of B16 in females in one of the two sub-strains of mice used. Levamisole stimulated the growth of B16 in females in one sub-strain and in both sexes in the other sub-strain of mice. The growth of LLT was not influenced by levamisole but its dissemination to lymph nodes was facilitated. The growth-stimulating effect of levamisole was abrogated by C. parvum in the mice treated with both agents in combination. It is concluded that the effects of non-specific immunomodulators on tumour growth and spread can vary between sub-strains of the same inbred strain of mice bred at different laboratories.
Clin Exp Metastasis
PMID:The growth and spontaneous dissemination of melanoma B16 and Lewis lung tumour in two sub-strains of C57BL/6J mice treated with Corynebacterium parvum and/or levamisole. 654 3

When the tumor-bearing leg of C57BL/6J mice was amputated 16 days after SC inoculation of 10(6)B16 melanoma cells, all the amputated mice died of pulmonary metastases. Transfer of lungs from the amputated to normal syngeneic mice revealed tumor cells in the lungs just after amputation. Repeated weekly injections of BCG and irradiated tumor cells, beginning 24 h after amputation of the tumor-bearing limb, prolonged the survival only of mice presensitized to BCG. Injections of BCG or irradiated melanoma cells alone, or neuraminidase- and mitomycin C-treated tumor cells or of Levamisole had no effect, but injections of ConA-coated tumor cells slightly prolonged the survival of the amputated mice. Both BCG and B16 cells induced humoral and cell-mediated immunity but there was no cross-reactivity between BCG and B16 cells.
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PMID:Inhibition of pulmonary metastases of B16 melanoma with irradiated tumor cells and BCG. 655 7


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