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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tumours of the pancreas occur most commonly in dogs and cats and only rarely in other domestic species. The incidence of neoplasms, both exocrine and endocrine, increases with age. Exocrine adenocarcinomas are the most common malignant tumours and have three fairly distinct morphological patterns: small tubular, large tubular, and acinar cell (rare). They readily metastasize, usually before clinical signs are apparent. A "starry sky" pattern with clear histiocytes scattered among tumour cells is a regular feature of poorly differentiated areas of small tubular adenocarcinomas and undifferentiated carcinomas. Islet cell tumours occur in a significant number only in dogs. Metastases are found in about half of the tumours, but malignancy cannot always be predicted by the morphological appearance. Slightly more than half of the islet cell tumours reported in the dog have been associated with clinical signs of hypoglycaemia. Nodular hyperplasia and exocrine adenomas are sometimes difficult to differentiate. Adenomas are considered rare while nodular hyperplasia is common in old animals.
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PMID:Tumours of the pancreas. 108 50

We treated 60 invasive primary human melanomas by soft X-rays. In 23 additional cases radiotherapy was applied after total excision of a primary melanoma. Only in two cases was a tumor observed in the field of irradiation during the follow-up period: a recurrence of a primary melanoma and a skin metastasis. Radioresistance cannot be unequivocally assumed in either case. Since deeply situated in-transit metastases cannot be destroyed by soft X-rays in spite of our good results we regard radiotherapy of invasive primary melanomas as a second choice treatment to be administered if impaired general health, excessive tumor growth in certain localisations or refusal of the patient do not allow a major operation. Nodular parts of primary melanomas should be excised before radiotherapy to obtain material for histopathological confirmation of the diagnosis and to determine the thickness of the tumor. X-rays of lower hardness can subsequently be applied.
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PMID:Radiotherapy of primary human melanomas--experiences and suggestions. 185 13

A 54-year-old man initially complained of frontal headache, right ear pain and tinnitus in May, 1985. This was followed by right facial palsy and hearing loss, and he was admitted to our hospital. Physical findings revealed right trigeminal nerve disturbance, left facial nerve palsy and bulbar palsy. The spinal fluid showed pleocytosis, increased protein, decreased glucose, markedly increased carcinoembryonic antigen and adenocarcinoma cells. Gastric carcinoma was revealed by an upper GI series. He was treated with chemotherapy. However, he die in August, 1985. Nodular metastases were discovered at the right internal acoustic meatus and other areas. Microscopically, signet-ring cell carcinoma had diffusely infiltrated at the subarachnoid space.
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PMID:[An autopsy case of meningeal carcinomatosis with vestibulocochlear nerve disturbance as the first manifestation]. 302 29

Seven patients with central nervous system neoplasia and leptomeningeal metastases, proved either at initial diagnosis or on follow-up with contrast material-enhanced computed tomography (CT), were evaluated with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. In two patients, diffuse sulcal enhancement on CT scans was inapparent on T1- or T2-weighted MR images. Likewise, in four patients diffuse cisternal enhancement on CT scans was not identifiable with MR. Nodular or focal cisternal masses were identified with both CT and MR imaging in three patients; in two, however, MR imaging provided less information. Ependymal and subependymal metastases identified with CT (two patients) were indistinguishable on MR images from periventricular abnormalities of radiation therapy and/or hydrocephalus. These findings suggest that leptomeningeal metastasis may be so subtle or inapparent as to be overlooked with MR imaging alone. Thus, CT and MR imaging should be considered complementary techniques for initial diagnosis and follow-up of tumors with a propensity for leptomeningeal metastasis.
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PMID:Leptomeningeal metastasis: MR imaging. 356 25

The reproductive tracts of turkey breeder hens from five flocks were examined grossly and histologically. Hens from one flock had a normal reproductive history, but hens from the four other flocks had poor records in both egg production and hatchability. Nodular growths occurred in the oviducts of birds in all five flocks. The incidence of lesions varied from flock to flock and from bird to bird. In four flocks, lesions were small and consisted of areas of dysplasia with adenomatous change. Histologically, the lesions in some birds in the fifth flock were adenocarcinomas. No metastases were observed.
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PMID:Neoplasms in the oviducts of turkeys. 372 91

A retrospective study was done on 14 patients with vulvar and vaginal melanoma treated at the New York University Medical Center from 1972 through 1984. Pathologic evaluation included a measurement of tumor volume, tumor thickness, growth pattern and cell type. The most common morphologic appearance was a superficial spreading growth pattern with a nevoid cell type, which seemed to correlate with a favorable outcome. Nodular growth pattern with an epithelioid cell type was less common and associated with a poorer prognosis and inguinal lymph node metastases. No patient had deep pelvic node metastases. Tumor thickness, as measured with Breslow's method, was inversely related to survival, as previously reported. We were able to define a low-risk group of patients, with tumor volume under 100 mm3. It appears that tumor volume, in addition to thickness and growth pattern, can contribute to the evaluation of vulvar melanoma. Evaluation of our findings in conjunction with those in the literature on cutaneous and vulvar melanomas led us to question the routine management of these lesions with radical vulvectomy plus inguinal and pelvic lymph node dissection.
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PMID:Vulvovaginal melanoma. A clinicopathologic study. 374 82

Biological characterization of a transplantable hamster osteosarcoma Os515 which had been induced by BK virus was attempted, and usefullness of this tumor was confirmed as an experimental model of treatment of osteosarcoma. All the hamsters with this tumor died of spontaneous lung metastasis. The chest X-ray picture of a tumor-bearing hamster visualized diffuse metastasis in the whole lungs 30 days after transplantation. The development of lung metastases was monitored by chest X-ray after marginal excision of subcutaneously transplanted tumors or after radical disarticulation of a tumor-bearing hind limb. Slow-growing nodular lung metastases were seen on X-ray pictures when the subcutaneous tumors were resected 1 or 2 weeks after transplantation, whereas fast-growing diffuse metastases were seen when the tumors were not resected at all or resected 3 weeks after transplantation. Nodular lung metastases occurred in a small number of animals long after the early radical disarticulation of a tumor-bearing leg.
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PMID:[Biological characterization of a hamster osteosarcoma Os 515--development of lung metastasis]. 386 15

The authors review the symptomatology of splenic tumor pathologies in connection with 93 personal observations (71 non-Hodgkin lymphomas, 12 Hodgkin's disease, 6 metastases, 3 epidermoid cysts, 1 angioma). Nodular forms were observed in 31.2% of the cases reviewed. In most cases of lymphoma, the ultrasonographic finding was a homogeneous splenomegaly. The possibility of false negatives for splenic involvement in lymphomas when spleen volume is normal has led certain authors to suggest fine needle puncture of the spleen under ultrasonographic guidance. Such procedures are unnecessary if ultrasonography has detected an obvious lesion such as multinodular involvement of homogeneous splenomegaly. However, this moderately traumatic technique can provide valuable information until such time as ultrasonic tissue characterization has proven itself in vivo.
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PMID:[Echography in tumor pathology of the spleen: limitations and perspectives]. 666 34

From May 1981 to September 1991, 38 patients with metastatic malignant melanoma were treated with combined radiation therapy and hyperthermia to a total of 97 hyperthermia treatment fields. Prior treatments to these sites included surgery (31 patients, 76 fields), chemotherapy (18 patients, 54 fields), immunotherapy (14 patients, 42 fields) and radiation therapy (7 patients, 13 hyperthermia fields). Hyperthermia was given to fields located in the head and neck region, trunk and extremities in 30, 45 and 22 cases, respectively. Nodular-diffuse tumours were present in 86 fields while 11 fields were treated for microscopic residual tumour deposits. Concurrent radiation therapy was given in 180-400 cGy per fraction, 2-5 times per week for a mean total dose of 4098 cGy per field. Hyperthermia treatments were delivered using either microwave or ultrasound devices (286 and 48 treatments, respectively) with a mean (range) of 3.4 (1-14) hyperthermia treatments per field for a mean (range) of 43 (10-70) min per field. Patients (n = 34; 84 fields) were available for follow-up for a mean (range) of 14.6 (0.4-82.5) months. At 3 weeks post-treatment, 34 fields had complete, ongoing, or partial responses; 39 fields had no response; and there were no recurrences in the 11 fields treated for microscopic residual disease. Local control was maintained in 31% (26/84) fields with a mean follow-up of 14.6 months. At 36 months, five patients remained alive with complete control of their treated local disease. Statistical analyses revealed that patients with soft tissue metastases only, who were older at the time of hyperthermia, had a longer time between initial diagnosis and hyperthermia treatment, received a higher dose of radiation, had no previous chemotherapy, and had small tumour volumes, had a higher initial response. Multivariate analyses revealed that the three-covariate model including time interval between initial diagnosis and hyperthermia treatment, previous chemotherapy, and metastases to soft tissue only, best predicted response. The results of the investigation support the continued study of combined radiation therapy and hyperthermia treatments for selected patients with metastatic melanoma, and indicate that long-term survival can occasionally be obtained with this approach.
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PMID:Prognostic factors in metastatic malignant melanoma treated with combined radiation therapy and hyperthermia. 810 18

A case of unusual pulmonary metastasis of neuroblastoma in an 8-year-old girl is presented. Nodular opacities mimicking pulmonary tuberculosis first appeared in lung apices on chest radiographs. They subsequently developed into extensive consolidations with mediastinal involvement. Metastasis of neuroblastoma was confirmed at autopsy.
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PMID:Unusual pulmonary metastasis of neuroblastoma: a case report. 898 10


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