Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Implantation of the RL-67 tumor in to the limb muscle of C57Bl strain mice resulted in the tumor growth at the site of implantation and the metastatic process became manifest predominantly in the lungs of all animals. A direct correlation was established between the primary tumor and its metastases. The number of metastases on the 20th day after the transplantation amounted to about 60. The mean survival time of the tumor-bearing mice was approximately 24 days. Seven different substances were administered intraperitoneally to tumor-bearing animals and their effect on the tumor and its metastases was established. It was found out that heparin and carboxymethyldextran led approximately to a 50% decrease in the number of lung metastases in comparison with the controls. A certain "prophylactic" effect on metastases was achieved with Bleomycin. The data of the biological and histological studies suggested that the RL-67 lung tumor may be used as a suitable model for investigation of the factors influencing the tumor metastases.
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PMID:Growth characteristics of the RL-67 lung tumor -- a new model for experimental therapy of metastatic processes. 74 60

HeLa cells were heterotransplanted to nude mice and their response to some of antitumor agents was investigated. HeLa cell-tumor readily grew in nude mice and no regression was observed. Metastases to the lung and other organs were noticed in some of the animals. Histopathological examination revealed that the tumor retained the original characteristics of human epidermoid carcinoma. Standardization of HeLa cell-tumor in nude mice for the screening and evaluation of antitumor chemotherapeutics was attempted. Marked inhibition of tumor growth was observed with lower doses of Mitomycin-C, 5-fluorouracil, Adriamycin, and Bleomycin. The tumor regression was observed with high doses of Mitomycin-C, Adriamycin, and 5-fluorouracil. However, cyclophosphamide, cytosine arabinoside, and daunorubicin had little effect on the tumor growth. Complete regression was not obtained with any of the test agents and active regrowth took place even with the most effective compound. Considerable variation in the effect on tumor growth was observed among the test compounds, while histopathological findings were much alike; few mitotic figures, vacuolization, and pyknosis were main changes in tumor cells, and large foci of necrosis and hemorrhage were present in the degenerative areas. The regrowth was initiated around the capillaries in the necrotic tumor tissue.
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PMID:HeLa cell-tumor in nude mice and its response to antitumor agents. 103 Jun 74

A retrospective study was made of the case histories of 91 patients with a penile tumor. The tumor histology of 56 patients could be re-evaluated, confirming the diagnosis: epidermoid cancer. Fifty three of these 56 patients were treated more than five years before the retrospective evaluation. Penile carcinoma has not increased in frequency during the last few decades. No correlation could be found between venereal diseases and penile carcinoma, nor between the duration of symptoms before treatment and the development of metastases. Amputation is the treatment of choice. Lymph node dissection must be performed when metastatic disease is suspected. When patients die of tumor, this is caused by metastatic disease, but in about 50 percent of cases the patients can be saved by dissection of positive nodes, preventing a further extension. More than 70 percent of 53 patients have survived for at least five years without evidence of recurrence or metastatic disease including six (out of 11) patients in whom the dissected inguinal lymph nodes showed involvement. In this series of patients cytostatic therapy was not used. Bleomycin is known to have a definite action on these tumors, but only the far future can show if better results are to be expected with a combination of the described therapy with cytostatic drugs.
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PMID:Penile cancer. 115 56

92 squamous cell carcinomas of the supraglottic larynx classified as T3 were treated from 1977 through 1987 and retrospectively analyzed. All the patients of this series received chemotherapy as initial treatment (2 cycles). From 1977 through 1981 the combination of Vincristine-Methotrexate-Bleomycin (VMB) was employed; after 1981, the protocol: Cisplatinum-5 FU with or without Bleomycin (CF) was administered instead of VMB. All the patients were then surgically treated on the tumoral site and cervical lymph chains. At 5-year, there was no significative difference between the two chemotherapeutic regimen in term of locoregional recurrences and second primaries. 5-year actuarial survival rate was higher for patients treated with the CF protocol (71%) versus (54%) with the VMB regimen. Systemic metastases occurred less frequently after CF (4.5%) than after VMB (22.4%). These findings suggest that chemotherapy has substantially some activity against microscopic distant metastases.
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PMID:[Adjuvant chemotherapy in supraglottic epidermoid carcinoma stage T3]. 129 74

Different results have been reported on the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in human melanocytic lesions, which may be due to different methodologic approaches. Therefore, we compared EGFR expression in six human melanoma cell lines by utilizing the monoclonal antibodies 2E9, 425, and 225, applying four immunocytochemical staining procedures. The results were compared with those obtained by a multiple point ligand binding assay. In addition, Northern blot analysis was performed. A three-step immunoperoxidase method using the monoclonal antibody 2E9 proved most sensitive. Staining intensities, estimated semiquantitatively, correlated well with the quantitative data obtained by the ligand-binding assay. Expression on the mRNA level was also in agreement with these results. Immunohistochemical staining of a large series of human cutaneous melanocytic lesions using the method selected showed differential EGFR expression in various stages of melanocytic tumor progression: 19% of common nevocellular nevi; 61% of dysplastic nevi, 89% of primary cutaneous melanomas, and 91% of melanoma metastases showed staining of the melanocytic cells. Intralesional heterogeneity of EGFR expression was present. Although the mean percentage of positive melanocytic cells in positive lesions did not increase with progression, mean staining intensity was stronger in malignant lesions compared to benign lesions. Ligand binding assays showed that EGFR expression in the highly metastasizing cell lines MV3 and BLM was at least 40 times higher than in the cell lines IF6, 530, M14, and Mel57, which do not or only sporadically metastasize after subcutaneous inoculation in nude mice. Although the differences between the various stages of progression are not absolute, we provide further evidence that EGFR expression increases in human melanocytic tumor progression.
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PMID:Increasing epidermal growth factor receptor expression in human melanocytic tumor progression. 162 28

Bleomycin oil suspension was infused preoperatively into the bilateral pedal lymphatic vessels of 18 patients with cancer of the vulva, uterine cervix, and endometrium. The object of this technique was to reduce the number of local recurrences in pelvic and abdominal lymph nodes. Except in the case of two patients, it was possible to infuse both extremities. Side effects of the treatment were generally mild. In a postoperative study of the surgical specimens, metastases were found in 18 lymph nodes. All of these showed selective necrosis of existing metastases and conservation of the morphology of healthy nodes. Necrosis of the primary tumor was occasionally produced.
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PMID:Endolymphatic chemotherapy in gynecologic cancer. 169 7

226 patients with an operable epidermoid carcinoma of the pyriform sinus were entered in this clinical trial; 187 cases were considered evaluable, they were distributed as follows: 16 T2, 171 T3, 44 N0, 103 N1 and 40 N3 (UICC TNM Classification 1979). The 89 patients of the chemotherapy group received a 3 day course of Vincristine (1.5 mg/m2), Bleomycin (15 mg), Methotrexate (80 mg). Both the chemotherapy group and the 98 patients of the control group went through the surgical procedure of total laryngectomy with pharyngectomy and radical neck dissection. Radiotherapy was administered postoperatively according to tumor margins and nodal involvement. On examination of the surgical specimen, no evidence of tumor regression was observed in the chemotherapy group. The 3 and 5 year survivals are respectively 45% and 35% in both groups. Node metastasis was studied after N size, N status, capsular rupture (PR +) and revealed early and extensive nodal involvement with 25% capsular ruptures in N0 patients, up to 70% rate in N3. Capsular rupture is also associated with a significantly lower survival and a higher incidence of distant metastases.
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PMID:A randomized EORTC study on the effect of preoperative polychemotherapy in pyriform sinus carcinoma treated by pharyngolaryngectomy and irradiation. Results from 5 to 10 years. 169 1

The ability of cultured human fibroblasts to reorganize and contract three dimensional collagen I gels is regarded as an in vitro model for the reorganization of connective tissue during wound healing. We investigated whether adhesion receptors of the integrin family are involved. It was found that synthesis and transcription of the alpha 2 beta 1 integrin (but not of alpha 1 beta 1 or alpha 3 beta 1) is selectively upregulated when fibroblasts are seeded into type I collagen gels. Time course experiments revealed that high synthetic levels of alpha 2 beta 1 parallel the gel contraction process and return to "baseline" levels after the contraction has subsided. Furthermore, function-blocking mAbs directed to the alpha 2 and beta 1 chain of integrins inhibited gel contraction. Remodelling of connective tissue can be important for tumor cells during invasion and formation of metastases. Therefore, we tested human melanoma cell lines for this function. Five out of nine melanoma lines contracted collagen gels in vitro. Among these, two highly aggressive melanoma cell lines (MV3 and BLM) most efficiently contracted gels almost reaching the rate of normal adult fibroblasts. In these cells, synthesis of alpha 2 beta 1 was also significantly upregulated when seeded into collagen I gels. Moreover, function blocking anti-alpha 2 in conjunction with anti-beta 1 chain mAbs completely inhibited gel contraction for several days. Other melanoma cells (530) with lower metastatic potential which were not able to contract gels, showed no induction of alpha 2 beta 1 synthesis in gel culture. Our results suggest an important role of integrin alpha 2 beta 1 in the contraction of collagen I by normal diploid fibroblasts during wound healing and in the reorganization of collagen matrices by highly aggressive human melanoma cells.
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PMID:Integrin alpha 2 beta 1 is upregulated in fibroblasts and highly aggressive melanoma cells in three-dimensional collagen lattices and mediates the reorganization of collagen I fibrils. 195 83

In order to study differences in antigen expression related to the different stages of the process of metastasis of human melanoma cell lines, we determined the expression pattern of a series of well-characterized genes in a set of human melanoma cell lines with different metastatic behavior in nude mice. This set included non-metastatic (IF6, 530), sporadically metastatic (M14, Mel 57), and frequently metastatic (BLM, MV3) cell lines after subcutaneous inoculation. To study the phenotype of these cell lines both the cultured cells and representative samples of local tumors at the inoculation site and their metastases in the lungs were immunostained with a panel of monoclonal antibodies directed against melanocytic differentiation or progression antigens. Although most cell lines (IF6, 530, M14 and Mel 57) showed HLA-DR expression in vitro, these antigens were lacking in all xenografted lesions studied with exception of the 530 cell line. 530 Xenografts, however, showed a dramatic down-regulation of HLA-DR compared with the cell line in vitro. The same phenomenon was seen with respect to ICAM-1 expression. The expression of all other antigens studied in xenografts, both in subcutaneous tumors and in lung lesions, was in general comparable to that in the melanoma cell lines in vitro, with exception of the 530 cell line. In all melanoma cell lines except 530 the degree of intra- and interlesional heterogeneity regarding the expression of all antigens studied was limited. Remarkably, comparison of the immunophenotype of the frequently metastasizing (BLM, MV3) and the sporadically (M14, Mel 57) or non-metastasizing (IF6, 530) cell lines showed that the two frequently metastasizing cell lines had marked expression of the progression antigens VLA-2 and epidermal growth factor receptor, and lack of expression of the differentiation antigen NKI-beteb. These findings warrant further studies on the role of these antigens in the process of metastasis of human melanoma cells in nude mice.
Clin Exp Metastasis
PMID:Antigen expression of metastasizing and non-metastasizing human melanoma cells xenografted into nude mice. 206 Jan 84

Prognosis in cancer of the upper respiratory-digestive tract (URDT) is dominated by the importance of local and regional spread, of second localizations or metastases and of any underlying clinical condition. Stable results are obtained using local and regional treatment (surgery and/or chemotherapy) alone, and the use of chemotherapy has been evaluated since 1965, neo-adjuvant cancer chemotherapy being adapted in 1970 for cancer of URDT. From november 1982 to december 1983, 184 patients with epidermoid cancer of URDT were treated by combined therapy with Cisplatin, 5 Fluoro-uracil, Bleomycin as a continuous infusion. Results are presented of the different tumoral responses as a function of localization and stage, excluding any glandular responses.
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PMID:[Induction chemotherapy in cancer of the upper respiratory and digestive tract. Preliminary results of the protocol combining cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil and bleomycin (CFB)]. 240 33


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