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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tumor-associated antigens were demonstrated in phenol water extracts of human malignant melanoma by migration tests with leukocytes from melanoma patients and controls: in 25 out of 60 melanoma patients weak reactivity was observed, usually stimulation of leukocyte migration, while leukocytes from 37 controls were negative in 100 tests. The frequency of positive reactions did not differ significantly in patients with and without metastases. Humoral antibodies against antigens of phenol water extracts were not detectable in melanoma patients. Rabbits did not produce antibodies against tumor typical substances after immunization with phenol water extracts. Tumor associated antigens of phenol water extracts are presumably not targets of antitumor immune reactions that can influence the clinical course.
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PMID:Human malignant melanoma antigenic properties of phenol water extracts. 44 60

Experiments were started with an animal model: Tumor antigens could be solubilized from fibrosarcomas of inbred guinea pigs by extraction with physiological saline. Extracts were fractionated by ammoniumsulfate precipitation, gel filtration, ion exchange chromatography, and polyacrylamide electrophoresis. Skin tests and leucocyte migration assays could detect antigenic activity in a number of fractions different with respect to size and charge. A less heterogeneous antigen could be extracted with phenol-water from guinea pig fibrosarcomas. Tumor associated antigens could be demonstrated in phenol-water extracts of human melanoma by leucocyte migration tests. Weak migration reactions were found with leucocytes from melanoma patients, not with leucocytes from controls. The frequency of positive results was similar in patients with and without metastases. No antibodies against antigens of phenol-water extracts could be detected in sera from melanoma patients. No antibodies against tumor associated substances could be demonstrated after immunization of rabbits with phenol-water extracts. Antigens extracted by phenol-water seem to be weak immunogens. Radioactive antigens were extracted from membranes of labelled cell cultures of human melanoma. Antigenic activity was assayed by double immune precipitation followed by sodium-dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide-electrophoresis. Yields from available cell quantities were too small for further purification and clinical studies.
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PMID:[Isolation of soluble tumor-associated antigens of human malignant melanoma]. 68 Jun 24

Benign tumours, generally, don't cause problems to surgery. For palliative or curative therapy of malignant tumours, scrupulous planning is required whether to apply multimodal or monotherapy, an offensive or a defensive one. Latest study results proved optimal successes with multimodal therapy. Pre-operative radiotherapy, local or systemic chemotherapy, hyperthermic extremity perfusion and, recently, transcatheter embolization are in use. Mostly, sanitation succeeds by radical surgery with lymphadenectomy and distant metastases resection, if necessary, even without mutilations. Post-operative radiotherapy, chemotherapy and hyperthermic extremity perfusion turn against tumour residuals, cells neglected during surgery, micro- and macrometastases. Proximally, specific antibodies against surface antigens of tumour cells will be available. This strategy must even consider a retreat by symptomatic therapy with interferons, radiation, calcitonin, phenol injections and analgesics, in the advanced stages, completed by psychotherapeutic care which enables the patient to accept his disease.
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PMID:[Bone and soft tissue tumors--general strategy of therapy]. 244 67

In order to study the effect of estrogens and antiestrogens on the adhesive properties of human breast cancer cells, the attachment on endothelial cells (EC), on subendothelial extracellular matrix (ECM) and on ECM components (collagen I and IV, laminin, fibronectin) of estrogen-dependent (MCF-7, ZR75-1) and estrogen-independent (BT-20) breast cancer cell lines was investigated. The cells were grown under conditions of controlled exposure to estrogen [17 beta-estradiol (E2)] and/or antiestrogens [tamoxifen (Tam) or 4-hydroxytamoxifen (OH-Tam)]. Treatment by E2 enhanced the ability of ZR75-1 cells to adhere to the various substrates, which contrasts with the observed absence of effects with the BT-20 cells. Similarly, Tam or OH-Tam induced a reduction of the adhesion of ZR75-1 tumor cell, but not of BT-20 cells. This effect was reversed by competing concentrations of E2. The effects on MCF-7 cell adhesion were similar to those described for ZR75-1 cells, but could not be reproducibly observed. Adhesion assays carried out with ZR75-1 cells grown in the absence or presence of phenol red, a pH indicator which behaves as a weak estrogen, led to a similar pattern of cell attachment. Conditioned media harvested from E2- or Tam-treated ZR75-1 cells failed to induce any effect on adhesion of other ZR75-1 cells grown in E2-deprived medium, suggesting that secretory activities are not required for the control of cell adhesiveness. The results suggest that estrogens and antiestrogens can control the adhesive behavior of breast tumor cells through their hormone responsive structures possibly by regulating expression of cell adhesion proteins and/or their cell surface receptors.
Clin Exp Metastasis
PMID:Modulation of human breast cancer cell adhesion by estrogens and antiestrogens. 270 28

Desmoplastic fibroma of bone is a rare benign tumor consisting of thin, wavy fibroblasts set in an abundant matrix of collagen fibers. At times it is difficult to distinguish desmoplastic fibroma from other fibrous lesions, especially low-grade fibrosarcomas. Fewer than eight cases have been previously reported. We have reviewed the diagnostic and therapeutic findings of eighty additional cases. Six patients had the lesions located in an extremity and two had an axial lesion. The average age of the patients was twenty-five years (range, twelve to fifty-six years) and all of the patients had more than two years of follow-up (range, two to seventeen years). The radiographic findings in all but one patient were of a purely lytic, honeycombed lesion that often widened the bone, and was metaphyseal in long bones. The tumor replaced the medullary cavity with a grayish-white, rubbery to firm tissue that was often, but not always, contained by a rim of periosteal reactive bone. Histologically, the features were: (1) prominent loose bundles of fibrous tissue composed of slim, spindle-shaped fibroblasts with wavy, elongated nuclei; (2) variable amounts of bands of collagen fibers; and (3) absence of mitoses or atypical cells. Areas of metaplastic bone were found only around sites, of pathological fractures. The biology of desmoplastic fibroma is different from that of other benign fibrous lesions in that the lesion is very destructive locally and often recurs after incomplete excision. It is also distinguished from low-grade malignant lesions (for example, fibrosarcoma) in that metastases have never been reported. In our series an intralesional excision was initially performed in six of the eight patients and a marginal resection, in two. There were four recurrences, treated by a marginal resection in two patients and repeat curettage in one. The recurrence in the fourth patient required an amputation above the knee after two additional intralesional procedures had been unsuccessful. Wide or marginal resection appears to be the treatment of choice when the lesion is located in a site that can be resected without significant loss of function. In other areas, an attempt at curettage, instillation of phenol, and bone-grafting seems to be warranted, resorting to more radical procedures only if this fails to control local disease.
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PMID:Desmoplastic fibroma of bone. A report of eight cases and review of the literature. 399 26

Transfer of tumor immunity as adjuvant cancer therapy has been a topic of intense interest. We have examined the efficacy of various combinations of surgery, xenogeneic immune RNA, xenogeneic normal RNA, tumor vaccine, and nonspecific splenocytes as adjuvant therapy for B16 melanoma in the C57BL/6J mouse system. B16 melanoma was transplanted by trocar into the right hind limb of 6-week-old mice. The tumors were readily palpable on the ninth day posttransplantation. The tumors were amputated at that time under mild anesthesia. Immune RNA was prepared by hot phenol extraction from immune sheep spleens. Various combinations of immune RNA, normal RNA, and tumor antigen, with or without normal mouse spleen cells, were administered every other day for a total of 10 injections. The survival and mode of death was followed up to 120 days. All mice without any treatment died within 30 days. Immunotherapy had no effect on the survival of mice that did not have surgical therapy. Individual group comparisons between mice that underwent surgery only and mice that had surgery plus immune RNA immunotherapy revealed a striking statistical improvement (P less than 0.01). Comparing all groups that received amputation plus various combinations of adjuvant immunotherapy showed no statistical difference in survival. However, immune RNA appears somewhat superior to normal RNA or antigen only. It appears that adjuvant immune RNA immunotherapy following surgical excision in the B16 melanoma model significantly improves survival and retards the spread of metastases.
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PMID:Immune RNA therapy as an effective adjuvant immunotherapy after surgery: an animal model. 618 24

Depending on size of the lesion, cryosurgery may be effective (as it is in other fields of oncology surgery) in reducing the morbidity of en bloc excision. For benign lesions, cryosurgery may lessen the extent of curettage and, therefore, the need for autologous iliac bone grafts. Cryosurgery also reduces the local recurrence rate, and, probably because of devitalization of tumor cells, lessens the rate of malignant degeneration and metastases. The lower rate of malignant degeneration in giant cell tumor is dramatic and statistically significant when compared to curettage+/- phenol washings. In addition, good functional results are compelling reasons for cryosurgery in preference to other methods of reducing tumor burden. Radiation may be avoided as, for example, in aneurysmal bone cysts. The need for supplementary radiation therapy, i.e., 3500 rads, is substantially lessened, and, therefore, may eliminate the possibility of secondary radiation sarcoma.
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PMID:A 17-year review of cryosurgery in the treatment of bone tumors. 695 Aug 21

Giant-cell bone tumors display a locally aggressive growth pattern, frequently recur if no adjuvant treatment is given, and may potentially metastasize. By virtue of their biological behavior and typically juxta-articular localization, giant-cell bone tumors require specific surgical management. Thus, an intralesional tumor excision must be supplemented by adjuvant bone cementing, possibly combined with instillation of phenol or cryotherapy. These combined treatment modalities assure a high-quality procedure, defined as the actual way medical care is delivered, by promoting the quality of the outcome, defined as the effect of a medical procedure on the patient's state of health.
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PMID:[Process and outcome quality in giant cell tumor in relation to surgical management]. 934 Jul 80

Gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxy benzoic acid), a naturally occurring plant phenol, inhibited the proliferation of metastatic tumor cells, such as P815 murine mastocytoma, B16 murine melanoma and L5178 murine lymphoma cells at IC50s of 6.5, 8.0 and 3.6 microg/ml, respectively. P815 mastocytoma cells are known to metastasize specifically to the liver. When DBA/2 mice, injected intravenously with P815 cells, were treated with gallic acid at a concentration of 50 mg/kg, the number of nodules in the liver and serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), which had increased as liver metastasis progressed, decreased. However, gallic acid itself did not show a liver protective effect though the life span of DBA/2 mice was extended by gallic acid treatment. These results suggest that gallic acid is able to inhibit liver metastasis, by killing P815 cells metastasized to the liver.
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PMID:Cytotoxic activity of gallic acid against liver metastasis of mastocytoma cells P-815. 1191 Dec 62

The giant-cell tumor of bone (GCT) is an aggressive benign, potentially malignant lesion, which biological behaviour is unpredictable. Its aggressivity is usually increasing through the recurrences and is related to the mitotic activity, the excessive metalloproteinase expression and to the alterations in different oncogens of the tumor cells. Statistically, 80% of the GCT-s have a benign course, with a local recurrence rate of 10-50%; about 10% of GCT-s undergo malignant transformation through their recurrences and 1-4% give pulmonary metastases even in case of a benign histology. Despite of the frequent recurrences, adequate treatment results in 96% to 98% cure in patients with GCT. The goal of surgery should be both in primary and recurrent cases: joint-sparing and careful curettage with use of adjuvants (bone cement and phenol, etc.) for decreasing the rate of recurrences. Resection is only in case of extensive joint destruction or malignancy indicated. Radiotherapy with modern supervoltage equipment minimalized the occurrence of secondary malignant transformation, however, its use is only in locations difficult for surgery (vertebra, sacrum, pelvis) recommended.
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PMID:[Giant-cell tumor of the bone]. 1286 46


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