Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The level of serum TPA was determined by radio-immunoassay in 19 healthy subjects and 90 patients with urogenital cancer. The normal level of serum TPA was 86 +/- 24 U/l, and the level of more than 134 U/l was determined positive. The positive rate of TPA was 38.9% in 90 patients, while that of CEA was 25.6%. In 19 patients with bladder tumor and 7 with testicular tumor, the positive rates of TPA were 52.6% and 71.4%, respectively, and the level of serum TPA was high in these positive patients. Considering the low positive rate of CEA, TPA may be a more useful marker than CEA in patients with bladder tumor and testicular tumor. Serial determinations of serum TPA and CEA showed the considerable variation of serum TPA compared with serum CEA and a temporary elevation of serum TPA following radical nephrectomy and retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy. However, the level of serum TPA fell significantly after the successful treatment in 8 patients (2 with renal cell cancer, 3 with bladder tumor, 1 with prostate cancer, 2 with testicular tumor) and rose sharply with recurrent or metastatic disease in 4 patients (2 with bladder tumor, 2 with testicular tumor). Although there was no correlation between the levels of serum TPA and serum PAP, the level of serum TPA tended to change in parallel with the level of serum AFP or HCG in 3 patients with testicular tumor.
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PMID:[Evaluation of serum tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) in patients with urogenital cancer]. 672 13

Lysozyme, alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin and alpha 1-Antitrypsin were demonstrated by an immunoperoxidase technique (PAP) in malignant cells of adenocarcinomas of the stomach but not of the large intestine. Lymph-node metastases showed identical immunoreactivity to that of the primary tumour. Neoplasms arising from the cardia, the body and the pyloric antrum of the stomach showed different immunostaining reactions. It seems that these differences partly reflect the distribution of lysozyme, alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin and alpha 1-Antitrypsin in the normal gastric mucosa. The usefulness of our findings in the identification of the primary tumour in cases of lymph node metastases of unknown origin, is also discussed.
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PMID:Distribution of lysozyme, alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin and alpha 1-Antitrypsin in adenocarcinomas of the stomach and large intestine. An immunohistochemical study. 681 7

Several human cell lines (normal and neoplastic glia, cerebral metastases from adenocarcinoma, fibroblasts) were incubated with sera from patients with well and poorly differentiated glioma and with sera from healthy donors and then stained with PAP complex to define and localize the antibody reaction with cell surface antigens by means of electron microscopy. The sera of glioma patients proved to contain antibodies which bound the tumor-associated antigenic determinants on the cell membranes of gliomas and of cerebral metastases from adenocarcinoma in tissue cultures. Further, absorption testing of the reactive sera on normal brain, well-differentiated astrocytoma and cultured glioblastoma cells, together with cross-reactivity experiments suggests that at least two antigens or groups of antigens are expressed on the glioma cell surface: one shared by well and poorly differentiated glioma cells and the other by poorly differentiated glioma cells and the cells of cerebral metastases from adenocarcinoma.
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PMID:Electron-microscopic visualization of binding of antibodies from sera of glioma patients on cultured glioma cells. 683 74

Prostate inhibin peptide (PIP) is a polypeptide synthesized by the prostate gland that is involved in prostatic growth and differentiation. The objective of this study was to evaluate PIP as an immunocytochemical marker for prostatic adenocarcinoma (PCA) by comparing it with PSA and PAP. A total of 71 cases of primary PCA and 5 cases of metastatic PCA were studied. Primary tumors were specially selected to include a disproportionate number of high-grade tumors. The distribution of cases by Gleason score was 2-5, 14 cases; 6-7, 24 cases; and 8-10, 33 cases. Four metastases were to bone (decalcified tissue) and one to soft tissue. All 71 cases of primary PCA stained positively for the three antibodies tested, with none demonstrating obvious superiority, although individual case variability was seen. In one bone metastasis, staining for PSA was negative, with both PAP and PIP giving positive results. All non-prostatic carcinomas tested were negative. These results indicate that PIP is as sensitive and specific an immunohistochemical marker as PSA and PAP in untreated prostate adenocarcinomas. Further, the androgen-independent nature of PIP may give it an advantage over PSA/PAP in tumors exposed to androgen ablating agents.
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PMID:Prostate inhibin peptide (PIP) in prostate cancer: a comparative immunohistochemical study with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP). 751 89

This paper reports the results of studies on the possible role of biochemical markers in monitoring the effects of ionizing radiations and in the follow-up of cancer patients submitted to radiotherapy. Three different case series were analyzed: patients with head and neck cancer, prostate carcinoma and residual thyroid tumors or uptaking metastases (131-Iodine therapy). Serum TPA and amylase were serially determined in patients with head and neck or thyroid cancer to measure the radiation damage to the salivary glands. In the former group a statistically significant correlation between the increase of both molecules and the total dose administered after the first day of treatment (2, 3, 4 or 6 Gy) was observed. In patients treated for thyroid cancer the damage to the salivary glands was revealed by an increase in TPA and amylase serum levels, dependent on the dose of 131-Iodine administered. Moreover, an association was demonstrated between pretreatment values of TPA in patients with head and neck tumors and prognosis: patients with values below the cutoff have significantly higher survival rates than those with higher values. In patients with prostate carcinoma PSA was confirmed to have better diagnostic and prognostic value than PAP. Patients with metastases show an inversion or lack of negative trend in PSA levels observed in the disease-free patients. This precedes the clinical diagnosis of metastases by 1 to 15 months.
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PMID:Marker determination for response monitoring: radiotherapy and disappearance curves. 751 52

The inversion of PSA/PAP ratio is not common in patients with prostate cancer. Of 215 patients, 7 showed PSA levels below those of PAP (3.2%). All patients had metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis, 57% in multiple organs and tissues, with a Gleason value in all cases 4. Forty-three percent showed no early response to hormone therapy; mean survival interval recorded in these 7 patients was 21 months. Such a situation may suggest a poor prognosis for this neoplasia.
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PMID:[The clinical and prognostic value of inversion of the PSA/PAP ratio in prostatic cancer]. 752 63

The monoclonal antibody HMB45 is used to detect an epitope specific for melanocytes, malignant melanomas and melanoma metastases. Using the PAP method, we observed consistent expression of HMB45 in 19 metastases of melanotic and amelanotic malignant melanomas of the central nervous system, while metastases of 32 adenocarcinomas, 10 squamous cell and 8 small cell carcinomas were negative except for 2 cases of breast cancer. Differential diagnosis between cancer and melanoma metastases can be made using cytokeratins as an additional immunocytochemical marker protein. Ten meningeomas and 5 pineocytomas were also negative. Even though it is not absolutely specific, we consider the HMB45 immunoreaction diagnostic for a metastasis of a malignant melanoma if the tumour is cytokeratin negative and HMB45 positive in a large number of tumour cells.
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PMID:HMB45: a specific marker for melanoma metastases in the central nervous system? 759 86

Based on a retrospective study of 52 patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma and bone metastases (stage M1b), the authors analysed the following prognostic factors at the time of diagnosis: age, general status, bone pain, haemoglobin, local tumour volume, ureteric repercussions, pre and post-treatment PAP and PSA levels, Gleason score, and metastatic spread on bone scan. This study demonstrated two predominant prognostic factors for the appearance of early or late therapeutic escape: tumour differentiation established by the Gleason score (P = 0.003), stage of the disease, i.e. local tumour volume (p = 0.001) and bone mass invaded on bone scan (p = 0.0002). The other prognostic factors can be deduced from these two parameters. Qualitative analysis of the initial bone scan allowed patients with peripheral bone metastases to be distinguished from those with exclusively axial involvement. The two-year survival was 50% in patients with peripheral metastases versus 93% in patients without peripheral metastases (p < 0.05). Although bone metastasis constitutes a decisive prognostic factor, the detection of peripheral bone metastases appears to be a factor of poor prognosis.
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PMID:[Stage M1b prostatic adenocarcinoma: prognostic factors, value of bone scintigraphy]. 787 87

We report the case of an unsuspected G.I. cancer in a patient with no clinical signs other than ascites and positive PAP-smear on admission. Histologically, neither endometrium nor cervix were involved. To date, only 2 cases of primary gastrointestinal (gastric) cancers with no metastases to the cervix, suspected by PAP-smear, have been reported in medical literature. A few more have been reported with cervical metastases. The suspicion of intraabdominal adenocarcinoma was based on the evidence of signet ring cells found in the smear with negative cervical biopsies and negative fractional curettage. A postmortem examination confirmed the absence of genital involvement. Our aim is to remind the clinician that an abnormal PAP-smear, due to non gynecological malignancies, can, on rare occasions, be observed. In order to obtain a positive cervico-vaginal PAP-smear by a non gynecologic intraabdominal exfoliating cancer, both previous literature and our case suggest peritoneal effusion to be of major importance.
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PMID:Abnormal cervical PAP smear leading to the diagnosis of gastrointestinal cancer without cervico-vaginal metastases. 825

We report a rare case of bilateral primary seminal vesicle carcinoma in a 73 yr old Australian man. To our knowledge this case report is the 48th histologically confirmed case of primary seminal vesicle neoplasia and only the fourth reported case of primary bilateral seminal vesicle carcinoma. Macroscopically the tumor was localized to both seminal vesicles and the adjacent right lobe of the prostate. Histologically the tumor and metastases displayed a PSA, PAP and CEA negative, well differentiated papillary adenocarcinoma resembling the pattern of normal seminal vesicle epithelium. No other primary carcinoma in the body was demonstrated. The patient survived for 3 yrs and 4 mths without recurrence of tumor. The pathological criteria for acceptance of primary seminal vesicle carcinoma, difficulties in clinical/radiological detection of seminal vesicle tumors and CA-125 immunoreactivity are discussed.
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PMID:Bilateral primary seminal vesicle carcinoma. 874 30


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