Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Plasma carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and serum enzyme levels of phosphohexose isomerase (PHI), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (psi-GTP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured in 147 patients with malignancy. Levels were higher in patients (particularly with G.I., breast and lung cancers) than in normals or in patients with cancer in clinical remission. Elevations of CEA and of all three enzymes in blood were most frequent in patients with hepatic metastases. CEA elevations correlated directly with PHI levels. Seventy-eight percent of patients with metastatic G.I. cancer could be identified by CEA (greater than 5 ng/ml) alone, as well as 38% with breast cancer and 85% with lung cancer; but only 17% of other cancers could be identified by CEA alone. CEA or one or more enzymes was elevated in 64% of metastatic breast cancer patients, 92% of lung cancer and 41% of other cancers, but enzyme measurement did not increase identification of G.I. cancer over that achieved by CEA alone. These findings suggest that circulating levels of CEA, PHI, psi-GTP and LDH may reflect a direct contribution from the malignant tissue and/or liver malfunction secondary to liver replacement.
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PMID:Carcinoembryonic antigen and phosphohexose isomerase, gammaglutamyl transpeptidase and lactate dehydorgenase levels in patients with and without liver metastases. 0 19

Circulating levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI) have been measured and compared in 51 subjects with gastric and colonic diseases. Levels were higher in gastric and colonic cancer patients than in normals or patients with other diseases. Elevations of both these markers were most frequent in patients with metastases. Concentrations of CEA and GPI in gastrointestinal washings were also measured. No correlation was found between total protein content and concentrations of CEA or GPI in the washings. Further characterization of the perchloric acid-soluble material from colon washings by gel filtration indicated that the CEA-like substance from colon cancer patients was higher in molecular weight than standard radiolabeled CEA and CEA from normal colon washings. When tested against anti-CEA antiserum and pure CEA from a colonic cancer metastasis, all CEA preparations showed immunological identity in gel-diffusion plates; on immunoelectrophoresis similar mobility was indicative of a similar charge.
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PMID:Quantitation and immunochemical characterization of carcinoembryonic antigen and glucose phosphate isomerase in blood and washings of patients with gastric and colonic diseases. 61 27

After a first irradiation with 2 and 5 Gy blood samples were collected at 30 minutes' intervals for 24 hours in 19 tongue cancer patients to assess the activity of the glycosis enzyme glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI) and the creatine kinase (CK). In all patients the GPI activity exhibited peaks at reproducible points in time. Observed for the very first time, this GPI peak had a height at 15 to 18 hours following radiation that correlated with the tumor volume and the irradiation dose. We refer to it as the oncoradiogenic enzyme peak. The frequency of the appearance of a late enzyme peak is significantly related to the presence of regional lymph node metastases. The radiobiological considerations regarding the potential causes for such post-irradiation increases in enzyme activity are discussed. The impact of demonstrating oncoradiogenic GPI peaks for optimizing radiotherapy is outlined.
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PMID:[Optimizing radiotherapy for carcinomas of the tongue and floor of the mouth. Measurement of oncoradiogenic enzyme peaks of GPI]. 181 69

In 20 patients with oesophageal carcinoma blood samples were taken after the first irradiation and the activity of the glycolytic enzyme glucose-6-phosphate isomerase was measured. In all patients there occur GPI peaks at reproducible times. The height of the enzyme peak occurring 15.5 to 19.5 hours p.irr. expresses a significant dependence on tumour size and irradiation dose. The frequency of a late occurring enzyme peak depends on the appearance of regional lymph node metastases. Possible sources of the enzyme peaks are discussed from a radiobiological point of view and the meaning of such enzyme peaks for the optimization of radiation therapy is pointed out.
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PMID:[Possibilities for optimization of radiotherapy of esophageal carcinoma through measurement of the oncoradiogenic enzyme peak of glucosephosphate isomerase]. 191 Apr 91

Following the first irradiation with a dose of 1.6 respectively 2 Gy we determined the activity of glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI) and of creatine kinase in intervals of 30 minutes for 24 hours. In all patients we could observe peaks of GPI-activity 15.5 to 19.5 hours after irradiation corresponding to tumour volume and grading. Frequency depends on present lymph node metastases detected by lymphography and/or computed tomography. Possible reasons have been discussed by the viewpoint of radiation biology and the meaning with respect to an optimal radiation treatment.
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PMID:[Possibilities for optimizing radiotherapy of cervix cancers by measuring the enzyme peak of GPI after initial irradiation]. 192 5

In 43 patients with oesophageal, pancreatic and rectal carcinoma blood samples were taken after the first irradiation and the activity of the glycolytic enzyme glucose-6-phosphate isomerase was measured. In all patients GPI peaks occurred at reproducible time intervals. The height of the enzyme peak occurring 15.5 to 19.5 hours p.irr. was significantly dependent on tumour size and irradiation dose. The frequency of a late occurring enzyme peak was dependent on the presence of regional lymph node metastases. Possible sources of the enzyme peaks are discussed from a radiobiological point of view and the meaning of such enzyme peaks for the optimization of radiation therapy is pointed out.
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PMID:[Detection of early tumor reactions in irradiation of tumors of the gastrointestinal tract by measuring the onco-radiogenic enzyme peak of glucosephosphate isomerase]. 195 38

Blood samples were taken from 39 patients with head and neck carcinomas after the initial irradiation, and the activity of the glycolytic enzyme glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI) was measured. All patients showed GPI peaks at reproducible times. The height of the enzyme peak occurring 15.5-19.5 h after irradiation, was significantly correlated with tumour size and histological tumour differentiation. A late enzyme peak was associated with regional lymph node metastases. Possible sources of the enzyme peaks are discussed from a radiobiological point of view, and the value of such enzyme peaks for the optimization of radiation therapy is pointed out.
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PMID:[Possibilities for optimizing radiotherapy of cancers of the ENT area by measuring oncoradiogenic enzyme peaks of glucose-6-phosphate isomerase]. 203 82

The enzyme activities of Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). prostate fluid LDH isoenzymes phosphohexose isomerase (PHI), Aldolase (ALD) and Hexokinase (HK) were determined in the sera of 77 samples of males. There were 12 cases of carcinoma prostate with metastases, 15 without metastases, 25 with benign prostatic hypertrophy and 25 nontumor. The enzyme activities of nontumor and benign group were statistically similar. The prostatic fluid LDH5/LDH1 ratio and PHI has been found to be the most sensitive parameter for detecting carcinoma prostate. Serial determinations of LDH, PHI, ALD and HK were found valuable for following the course of the disease during therapy.
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PMID:Clinical significance of serum lactate dehydrogenase, phosphohexose isomerase, aldolase and hexokinase in prostatic carcinoma. 241 22

Of five glycolytic enzymes tested, only the serum activity of phosphohexose isomerase (PHI) was elevated in the vast majority of 140 patients with gastrointestinal, kidney or mammary carcinomas. However, in the tumor tissues all enzymes were increased to about the same extent. Thus, the measured increase in the serum activity of PHI is not due to a specific overproduction in the malignant cells. A general rise in the glycolytic enzyme activities in the malignant tissue could be detected already in early stages without metastases and in well-differentiated tumors.
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PMID:Activities of phosphohexose isomerase and other glycolytic enzymes in normal and tumor tissue of patients with neoplastic diseases: comparison with serum activities and correlation to tumor staging and grading. 320 7

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance of different serum tumor markers in patients with breast cancer who developed recurrent disease. Determined were tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA), carcinoembryonic antigens (CEA), and phosphohexose isomerase (PHI). Serum samples of 411 breast cancer patients with either locoregional or metastatic recurrence were analyzed. Positive rates of all three markers depended on the clinical stage of the disease, with highest rates of elevated titers in advanced disease. In comparison, CEA and TPA are more sensitive markers than PHI. According to the site of recurrence, CEA exhibited the highest rate of elevated titers in patients with bone metastases and PHI in patients with visceral metastases. Using PHI in combination with CEA, sensitivity (ie, at least one marker is elevated) was increased by 6-20% compared to the results obtained with single marker analysis. However, for easier interpretation of the tumor marker results in clinical practice, it may be helpful to employ a product value of CEA and PHI.
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PMID:Comparison of serum CEA, PHI, and TPA as tumor markers in breast cancer patients. 356 16


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