Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The induction of concomitant immunity was studied in Donryu strain rats with Yoshida ascites sarcoma cells. The changes of enzyme activity in spleen lymphocytes were also examined in normal and tumor-bearing rats. The concomitant immunity was detected 1 week after transplantation of tumor cells. Extended metastases were found 2 weeks after transplantation. The enzyme activities of ATPase and acid phosphatase were definitely higher than that of normal rat 1 week after the transplantation but decreased to lower level than normal 2 weeks later. On the other hand, alkaline phosphatase activity increased 3 times at 1 week after the transplantation and remained at the same level even at 2 weeks later.
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PMID:Changes of enzyme activities in spleen lymphocytes from tumor-bearing rats. 17 Nov 91

Injection into nude mice of a well-differentiated SV40 T-antigen-transformed murine endothelial cell (EC) line results in widespread invasive tumors confined to connective tissues. The tumors, which do not metastasize, consist of both host-derived cells and transformed EC, displaying histologic features typical of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). Although the EC is believed to be the cell of origin in KS, this has not been proven and is the subject of debate. The unusual tumorigenicity of this transformed cell suggests that EC-specific gene products induced by SV40 T antigen may contribute to tumorigenesis by autocrine growth stimulation and recruitment of host cells. KS-like tumors may be the result of EC alteration by any virus that induces relevant EC-derived cytokines.
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PMID:Endothelial cells transformed by SV40 T antigen cause Kaposi's sarcomalike tumors in nude mice. 192 99

As clinical experience with patients with ZES has grown, increasing recognition has been made of the broad spectrum of symptoms associated with gastrinomas. Diarrhea and acid-induced esophageal injury have taken their place alongside chronic peptic ulcer disease as indications for screening for gastrinoma. Diagnostic testing should begin with fasting serum gastrin levels and should include intravenous secretin infusion if fasting serum levels of gastrin are nondiagnostic and the patient is not found to be hypochlorhydric. Tumor localization is critical to aid in the identification of patients with potentially curable localized disease. Preoperative evaluation utilizing CT scanning with intravenous contrast should be done early and should be supplemented by other imaging modalities as necessary. Exploratory laparotomy, including a thorough examination of the duodenum and perhaps intraoperative ultrasound, should be performed in all patients with sporadic gastrinoma who lack evidence of extensive metastatic disease on preoperative evaluation. By utilizing this approach, it is likely that at least 20% of patients with ZES can be cured. With the availability of the highly effective H(+)-K(+)-ATPase inhibitor omeprazole, excellent control of symptoms related to gastric acid hypersecretion can be expected. Patients with unresectable gastrinoma may thus avoid potentially morbid antisecretory surgery and be managed with a fairly simple medical regimen. Further developments in the chemotherapeutic management of these patients with unresectable disease should be forthcoming in the future.
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PMID:Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. 207 95

Some 3,3-dimethyltriazenes were shown to be capable of selective antimetastatic activity, i. e. preventing metastatic spreading of experimental tumors without affecting primary tumor or apparent metastases. The mechanism of antimetastatic effect of 3,3-dimethyltriazenes is discussed. The drugs represent a new promising pharmacological class of agents used for postsurgical adjuvant treatment of cancer. The effect of diazo derivatives produced in the course of disintegration of aromatic and heterocyclic 3,3-dimethyltriazenes on the in vitro activity of Ca-ATPase of the sarcoplasmic reticulum should be evaluated as a test-system for selecting new antimetastatic agents with cryptodiazonic properties.
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PMID:[Rational approaches to selective synthesis of antimetastatic agents]. 215 97

The in vivo interaction between the chemical carcinogen ethylnitrosourea (ENU) and the oncogenic simian virus 40 (SV40) was studied. Inbred newborn Syrian golden hamsters were injected subcutaneously with SV40 (5 x 10(6) plaque-forming units), ENU (0.5% solution, 125 or 25 mg/kg body wt), or equal mixtures of the two. Animals that received SV40 and ENU developed more tumors (100% vs 52%) within a shorter latent period (10 weeks vs 18 weeks) than animals that received SV40 alone. Animals given SV40 and ENU showed increased mortality and increased metastatic tumors (54.2% vs 30.8%) compared with those given SV40 alone. The SV40 and ENU group also exhibited multiple (greater than 10 nodules) pulmonary metastases (33.3% vs 7.7%) and metastases in multiple organs (12.5% vs 0%) compared with animals injected with SV40 alone. No difference in primary tumor size, histology, and SV40 T-antigen content was detected between SV40- and SV40/ENU-induced tumors. Four weeks after SV40 or SV40 plus ENU treatment, animals were challenged intradermally with 2.7 x 10(6) SV40-transformed hamster cells. Five weeks after challenge, 89.5% of the animals treated with SV40 and ENU and 45.4% of animals treated with SV40 developed tumors at the challenge site. Newborn animals given SV40 and ENU developed larger tumors at the challenge site (P less than 0.002) than newborns treated with SV40 alone. Thus, administration of ENU to hamsters during the neonatal stage of development produced a long-lasting systemic effect that enhanced tumor development by transplanted SV40-transformed hamster cells.
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PMID:Administration of ethylnitrosourea to neonate hamsters increases growth and frequency of SV40-induced fibrosarcomas. 255 56

A chromosomal analysis was performed on two cell lines which were derived from the liver of two rats exposed to diethylnitrosamine in vivo. The cells were obtained by collagenase perfusion of the liver at an early stage of development of ATPase-deficient putative preneoplastic populations, and propagated from foci of epithelial cells which started growth in vitro. Cell line CL 38 proved to be tumorigenic after transplantation into nude mice, giving rise to hepatocellular carcinomas and metastases. Cell line CL 44 was nontumorigenic after transplantation into nude mice and was therefore considered preneoplastic. The diploid nontumorigenic line CL 44, with a modal number of 42 chromosomes, showed a deletion of chromosome 1 and a translocation of chromosomes 3 and 14 [t(3q12;14q21)]. The hyperdiploid neoplastic cell line CL 38 has a modal chromosome number of 52 and showed tri- or tetrasomy of chromosomes 3, 7, 9, 11, and 12 and a marker chromosome that might have originated from aberrant chromosome 1. One or two homologues of chromosome 3 showed terminal deletions (q42, q41, or q35). In both cell lines rearrangements of chromosome 11 were observed [rob(11q;?) or +11 or -11 or del(11)(q12)]. Some of these karyotype abnormalities are located on the same chromosome as described for transplantable hepatomas and for other chemically induced tumors of the rat.
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PMID:Chromosomal analysis of a diethylnitrosamine-induced tumorigenic and a nontumorigenic rat liver cell line. 272 Jun 63

LM fibroblasts grown in a chemically-defined, serum-free medium readily incorporated choline or one of three analogues of choline, namely N,N-dimethylethanolamine, N-monomethylethanolamine, or ethanolamine into membrane phospholipids. The effect of these phospholipid manipulations in vitro on tumor growth and metastasis was examined in nude mice. Serum and choline-fed cells most frequently metastasized (74% and 68%, respectively), while frequency of lung metastasis was 46%, 42% and 17% in mice injected with cells fed with dimethylethanolamine, monomethylethanolamine, and ethanolamine, respectively. Metastases from cells cultured with serum, choline or dimethylethanolamine, but not from monomethylethanolamine or ethanolamine, were extensive and highly invasive. The specific activity of the (Na+ + K+)-ATPase but not of 5'-nucleotidase was significantly decreased in local tumor plasma membranes from choline analogue-fed cells as compared to tumor plasma membranes from choline-fed cells. When compared to the choline-fed tumor cells, the specific activities of three mitochondrial enzymes, namely NADH dependent, rotenone insensitive NADH-dependent, and rotenone sensitive NADH-dependent cytochrome-c reductase, were significantly increased in the choline analogue-supplemented cells. The arachidonic acid content of phosphatidylcholine in plasma membranes, microsomes, and mitochondria was significantly decreased in tumor membranes from choline analogue-fed cells as compared to tumor membranes from choline-fed cells. As compared to local tumor plasma membranes, the lung metastasis plasma membranes had elevated (Na+ + K+)-ATPase specific activity, phospholipid oleic and arachidonic acid content, and fluidity. In contrast, the 5'-nucleotidase specific activity, the content of cholesterol, phospholipid, and phosphatidylethanolamine were decreased in lung metastasis plasma membranes. In summary, membrane alterations of LM tumor cells in vitro (1) were not completely reversed in vivo, and (2) affected metastatic ability.
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PMID:Local and metastatic tumor growth and membrane properties of LM fibroblasts in athymic (nude) mice. 283 81

Transglutaminase activity and subcellular distribution have been examined in both normal and tumour tissue. Subcellular fractionation of rat liver demonstrated a bimodial distribution for transglutaminase between the particulate (approximately 40%) and cytosol (approximately 60%) fractions. Isolation of enriched plasma membrane fractions indicated the presence of membrane associated transglutaminase activity which co-distributed with that of 5'-nucleotidase and Na+/K+-ATPase. Induction of hepatocellular carcinomas in rats by treatment with either diethylnitrosamine or 6-p-dimethylaminophenylazobenzothiazole resulted in a reduction in transglutaminase activity which was accompanied by redistribution of the enzyme to the particulate fraction of the cell. The tumour bearing liver appeared to represent an intermediate stage between the hepatocellular carcinoma and control liver when assayed for content and distribution of transglutaminase activity. The transglutaminase activity of four transplantable rat sarcomas (P7, P8, MC3 and CC5) was found to be greatly reduced when compared with the normal tissues of rat liver, lung and spleen. A further reduction in this activity occurred in the primary growths of the sarcomas P7 and P8 following detection of metastases. Our data suggest that such changes in the distribution and content of transglutaminase may be a feature of tumour tissue and may be of value in both monitoring and investigating the carcinogenic process.
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PMID:Alterations in the distribution and activity of transglutaminase during tumour growth and metastasis. 285 74

The ameloblastic fibrosarcoma is a rare variety of neoplasm. Three new cases reported here occurred within preexistent benign odontogenic tumors (ameloblastic fibroma or fibro-odontoma). These large, osteolytic tumors, spreading to adjacent soft parts, recurred after surgical treatment in two cases. One of them had a lethal course, with pleuro-pulmonary, mediastinal lymph node and hepatic metastases. Histologically, these sarcomas show a malignant mesenchymal component and few benign ameloblastic islands, which often disappear after one or several recurrences. Histoenzymologically, a high level of alkaline phosphatase and ATPase activities is always present, a feature not present in common fibrosarcomas. The ultrastructural study demonstrates, in analogy with odontogenic myxomas, clear cells provided with numerous microfilaments, secretory cells and also some fibroblasts and myofibroblast-like cells. In addition to these pleomorphic cells, a great number of peculiar granular cells with numerous lysosomal bodies were also found. The histogenesis of these tumors in unknown. Perhaps the epithelial component, being unable to assume its functions of organization, may initiate the malignant transformation of its odontogenic mesenchyme.
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PMID:Ameloblastic fibrosarcoma of the jaws--report of three cases. Clinico-pathologic, histoenzymological and ultrastructural study. 622 72

A prospective controlled clinical-neurophysiological-pathological study of 71 patients with oat cell carcinoma of the lung revealed no increased incidence of peripheral neuropathy at the initial stages of illness. All patients developed neuropathy by the time they had lost 15% of their body weight, but the neuropathy was less severe than in 20 age-matched alcoholic patients with an equal degree of weight loss. The weight loss and peripheral neuropathy progressed with atrophy of type II (adenosine triphosphatase-positive) muscle fibers out of proportion to the patient's loss of body weight. By 40% body weight loss, all the patients had moderate symmetrical peripheral neuropathy, 6 had proximal brachial or lumbosacral plexus metastases, and 9 had distal pressure palsies. Mononeuritis multiplex developed in only 1 patient, who had diabetes mellitus. Two patients developed Eaton-Lambert syndrome, which resolved in 1 when chemotherapy controlled the systemic tumor, with no protein in the tumor postmortem which could produce the characteristic electromyographic findings of the syndrome.
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PMID:The carcinomatous neuromyopathy of oat cell lung cancer. 624 73


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