Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A profile of acute phase reactant proteins has been studied in patients with cancer of the prostate as an aid to diagnostic staging and therapy control. A linear discriminant function analysis incorporating serum acid phosphatase, prealbumin, alpha1 antitrypsin, alpha1 acid glycoprotein and haptoglobin allows the correct identification of metastatic disease in 88.6% of patients. The profile may also serve to augment other parameters in the assessment of the physiological effect of oestrogen treatment and show whether the prescribed medication is being taken.
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PMID:Acute phase reactant proteins in prostatic cancer. 7 95

The induction of concomitant immunity was studied in Donryu strain rats with Yoshida ascites sarcoma cells. The changes of enzyme activity in spleen lymphocytes were also examined in normal and tumor-bearing rats. The concomitant immunity was detected 1 week after transplantation of tumor cells. Extended metastases were found 2 weeks after transplantation. The enzyme activities of ATPase and acid phosphatase were definitely higher than that of normal rat 1 week after the transplantation but decreased to lower level than normal 2 weeks later. On the other hand, alkaline phosphatase activity increased 3 times at 1 week after the transplantation and remained at the same level even at 2 weeks later.
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PMID:Changes of enzyme activities in spleen lymphocytes from tumor-bearing rats. 17 Nov 91

Breast masses in male patients who have prostatic carcinoma may represent gynecomastia secondary to estrogen therapy, metastasis of the prostatic carcinoma to the breast, or a primary carcinoma of the breast. Accurate diagnosis of this lesion by biopsy and, if possible, histochemical determination of acid phosphatase is essential to determine prognosis and treatment. The patient with breast metastases from a primary prostatic carcinoma will survive on the average only 4 mo. However, in the patient with prostatic carcinoma, surgical treatment for a primary breast carcinoma may extend survival considerably.
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PMID:Breast masses in males with carcinoma of the prostate. 17 21

Three fibrous histiocytomas, primary in skin, were studied by light and electron microscopy and by frozen section histochemistry. The term malignant was applied to cutaneous tumors which demonstrated aggressive multinodular local growth, including angioinvasion and/or extension into bone, muscle, and fascia. Metastases were not found. Strongly positive reactions for hydrolytic enzymes, particularly acid phosphatase will help differentiate malignant fibrous histiocytoma from most other primary soft tissue malignancies of skin. Electron microscopic studies reaffirm the presence of both histiocyte-like and fibroblast-like cells. Langerhans' granules were not identified. Primary malignant fibrous histiocytoma of skin may have a prognosis superior to homologous tumors arising in deeper soft tissue and the retroperitoneum.
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PMID:Primary malignant fibrous histiocytoma of skin. 21 97

The recent reports of the use of serum and tissue enzyme assays in primary diagnosis and then in following the course of the disease have been reviewed. These include use of bone marrow acid phosphatase, isoenzymes of both acid and alkaline phosphatase, LDH5/LDH1 ratios, sialyltransferase and the combination of carcinoembryonic antigen with serum enzyme assays to help in prediction of the occurrence of hepatic metastases.
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PMID:Enzyme patterns in cancer. 32 72

An indirect immunohistochemical technique is described for identification of the prostatic origin of metastases in formalin fixed, paraffin or paraplast embedded material. A rabbit antiserum against the prostate specific acid phosphatase isoenzyme was developed. The method is applicable with or without previous decalcification. In 30 cases of prostatic carcinoma there was only one negative result, and in 20 cases of metastases from prostatic carcinoma positive results were obtained in every instance. All carcinomas (primary focus or metastasis) of non prostatic origin (55) stained negatively with the developed antiserum. The application and possible limitations of the method are discussed.
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PMID:Demonstration of the prostatic origin of metastases: an immunohistochemical method for formalin-fixed embedded tissue. 34 96

Measurements of serum and bone marrow acid phosphatase were made by 3 enzymatic methods, alpha-naphthyl phosphate, beta-glycerol phosphate, and thymolphthalein monophosphate, and ocmpared to a double antibody radioimmunoassay. Serum and bone marrow acid phosphatase levels were studied in 46 controls with histologically proven benign prostatic hyperplasia and in 135 patients with various stages of prostatic carcinoma. In the control group the upper limit for bone marrow acid phosphatase was found to be significantly higher than the corresponding serum limit with respect to the enzymatic assays studied. The radioimmunoassay was the only method suitable for the analysis of the prostatic acid phosphatase content of bone marrow. A larger number of elevations were noted in patients with extracapsular and metastatic disease when prostatic acid phosphatase measurement was carried out by radioimmunoassay as compared to enzymatic methods. However, only 8% of the patients with intracapsular disease had elevations of prostatic acid phosphatase as measured by radioimmunoassay. Additional standardisation of immunological methods and clinical trials is required before comparison can be made of results from various centres using immunological methods for the measurement of prostatic acid phosphatase and a true assessment made of the usefulness of this procedure.
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PMID:An objective look at acid phosphatase determinations: a comparison of biochemical and immunological methods. 38 Jul 31

The results obtained with the indirect peroxidase technique for the identification of prostate specific acid phosphatase in formalin fixed, paraffin or paraplast embedded autopsy material are compared with the results obtained with the mixed aggregation immuno-cytochemical technique. When using a monospecific antiserum the former technique is prefered. However, when a monospecific antiserum is not available, one has to balance the advantages of the mixed aggregation immuno-cytochemical technique against the disadvantages of having to prepare a monospecific antiserum, necessary for the indirect peroxidase technique. Both methods appeared positive in 20 prostatic carcinomas and in 36 metastases of prostatic carcinomas. In the epithelium of the seminal vesicles and in osteoclasts no acid phosphatase could be detected with the antiserum. A comparison of both techniques, as well as different types of preincubation to diminish nonspecific background staining are discussed.
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PMID:Comparative investigation of the mixed aggregation immunocytochemical technique and the indirect peroxidase technique for the detection of prostate specific acid phosphatase in paraffin or paraplast sections. 38 65

There were 100 patients with clinically localized prostatic carcinoma staged surgically for the evaluation of lymph node metastases. By correlating the incidence of lymph node metastasis with the level of serum acid phosphatase, and the stage and grade of the primary tumor, it was possible to identify 1 group of patients with less than 8 per cent incidence of lymph node metastases and another group with more than 92 per cent incidence of nodal involvement. It is in these 2 groups of patients that pelvic lymphadenectomy for the staging of prostatic carcinoma may not be necessary.
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PMID:Pelvic lymphadenectomy for staging prostatic carcinoma: is it always necessary? 45 9

Out of 1300 patients referred to a medical oncology unit, there were 87 with metastatic cancer in whom a primary tumour site was not evident from the history and after physical examination and chest radiography had been carried out. An analysis of the investigations performed in these patients and their results showed that in only eight of the 87 patients did non-surgical investigations at presentation determine the primary site. In two patients it was identified by diagnostic laparotomy, and in a further 13 clinical follow-up led to recognition of the primary tumour site before death. Few investigations should be performed in patients in whom the primary site is known since they have a low yield, and in our population identifying the primary tumour did not improve the outcome or alter management. Treatable tumours should be excluded, and this may be done in most cases by simple blood tests, particularly those measuring acid phosphatase activity and other tumour markers.
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PMID:Unknown primary adenocarcinoma: incidence of overinvestigation and natural history. 46 3


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