Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Attempts at histochemical localization of estrogen receptor with anti-steroid antibody or some fluoresceinated estrogens have given unacceptable sensitivities and specificities when compared with biochemical methods or clinical response. In the present study a monoclonal antibody against estrogen receptor (H222 Sp gamma) was used on cryostat sections of freshly frozen breast tumors with a peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunoperoxidase technique. Biochemical receptor analyses were by dextran-coated charcoal analyses. Tumors from three separate cohorts of patients were studied as follows: population A, 62 primary breast cancers from 1983; population B, 72 primary lesions stored from 1976 to 1983; and population C, 23 patients with metastases, treated with hormonal therapy. Distinct staining was seen in the cell nucleus. A semiquantitative relationship was seen between histochemical score assessment of staining and biochemical assay in each cohort. The sensitivity and specificity using a threshold of 75 for the histochemical score and more than 20 femtomoles/mg of protein for dextran-coated charcoal analyses were as follows: population A, specificity, 89%, and sensitivity, 95%; population B, specificity, 94%, and sensitivity 88%; and for population C, the comparison was with objective clinical response yielding specificity, 89%, and sensitivity, 93%.
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PMID:Estrogen receptor analyses. Correlation of biochemical and immunohistochemical methods using monoclonal antireceptor antibodies. 389 81

An immunohistological study, using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method, was carried out to define the reactivity profile of a murine monoclonal antibody, MOv2, which recognizes a novel glycoprotidic antigen associated with ovarian epithelial tumors. Among the primary ovarian tumors tested, MOv2 immunostained 93% of mucinous and 75% of serous cystadenomas, 100% of mucinous, 81% of serous and 73% of endometrioid carcinomas. Undifferentiated and clear cell tumors revealed more limited reactivity with the antibody, whereas ovarian sex cord-stromal and germinal tumors were immunonegative. Positive reactions were also documented in omental metastases from primary ovarian carcinomas. No immunoreactivity was detected in normal ovarian epithelium, whereas the cells lining Walthard's nests adjacent to the fallopian tubes and a variety of normal epithelia were consistently immunolabeled. These included the lining epithelia of the gastrointestinal tract, bronchi and endocervix, and the epithelium of salivary, biliary and pancreatic ducts and sweat glands. To a lesser extent, positive reactions were detected in other surface epithelia, such as squamous and transitional epithelia. Among tumors other than ovarian, MOv2 consistently reacted with adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas from different sites, most notably breast, lung and gastrointestinal tract, and with transitional cell carcinomas. In contrast, no staining was demonstrated in non-epithelial malignancies. The antigen defined by MOv2 may be operationally useful as a marker of epithelial lineage in tumor histopathology. Its pattern of immunohistochemical distribution indicates that an antigenic phenotype shared by normal surface epithelia and non-ovarian carcinomas is strongly associated with common epithelial neoplasms of the ovaries.
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PMID:Characterization of the specificity by immunohistology of a monoclonal antibody to a novel epithelial antigen of ovarian carcinomas. 390 1

Lectin binding to tumor cells in tissue sections of 16 nonmetastatic and 24 metastatic human adenocarcinomas and 5 nonmetastatic and 5 metastatic murine Lewis lung carcinomas (LLCs) was assessed with an avidin-biotin peroxidase technique. In human tumors, Ulex europaeus agglutinin I (UEA I) showed no binding; whereas concanavalin A (Con A), Ricinus communis agglutinin I (RCA I), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), soybean agglutinin (SBA), and Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA) bound equally to primaries and metastases. However, peanut agglutinin (PNA) bound to less than 5% of cells in 37 of 40 primaries but to greater than 50% of cells in 18 of 24 metastases. In LLC tumors, UEA I and DBA showed no binding; whereas Con A, RCA I, and WGA bound equally to primaries and metastases. SBA bound to greater than 50% of cells in 5 metastases but not to the 5 primaries. There was less than 5% binding of PNA to 10 primary murine tumors after neuraminidase pretreatment of tissue sections but greater than 50% binding in 3 of 5 metastases. These studies indicate, in both human adenocarcinomas and an experimental tumor system, that most tumor cells which metastasize show preferential binding of PNA and SBA.
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PMID:Differences in lectin binding in tissue sections of human and murine malignant tumors and their metastases. 401 33

Previously, we reported that high concentrations of eosinophils in human colonic carcinomas are associated with better prognoses, that sections taken 1 cm remote from (deep to) the margin of tumor (SRM) and sections contiguous to the margin (SCM) of tumor and adjacent uninvolved colon contain significantly different concentrations of eosinophils, and that concentrations of eosinophils in SCM and SRM are both useful and complementary for the prediction of prognosis. As a first step towards studying the ecology of the eosinophil in colonic carcinoma and with the goal of identifying other kinds of cells that might be useful for the prediction of prognosis, we counted cells in SCM and SRM that expressed histochemically demonstrable acid phosphatase, alpha-naphthylbutyrate esterase, and peroxidase. The tumors of patients with and without metastases at the time of resection of the primary tumor contained different (P = 0.0314) concentrations of cells with histochemically demonstrable alpha-naphthylbutyrate esterase in SCM but not in SRM. In contiguous 1- to 2-micron sections, morphologically macrophage-like cells with histochemically demonstrable acid phosphatase and cells with histochemically demonstrable alpha-naphthylbutyrate esterase were found to be present in different concentrations both in SCM (P less than 0.01) and in SRM (P less than 0.01); i.e., these phenotypic markers appear to identify different subpopulations of macrophages in tumors. In contrast to our previous study of human pulmonary alveolar macrophages, examination of sections stained sequentially for these phenotypic markers that are commonly used for the identification of macrophages in tumors revealed numerous cells in the same sections that expressed histochemically demonstrable acid phosphatase (red) but not alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase (brown) and vice versa. Several of these markers promise to be useful and complementary for the prediction of prognosis.
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PMID:Heterogeneity and prognostic significance of macrophages in human colonic carcinomas. 402 96

Metrazol enhanced the penetration of two proteins (125I human serum albumin and horseradish peroxidase), and the anticancer agent, razoxane, into the central nervous system of anaesthetized rats. Penetration was increased throughout the whole brain. With the exception of the bladder, no peripheral tissue was affected. The increase in brain permeability was temporary and reversed within 4 hours; brain levels of drug and protein were increased by up to three times.
Clin Exp Metastasis
PMID:Enhanced cerebrovascular permeability by Metrazol: significance for brain metastases. 608 21

An immunoperoxidase technic was used to localize prostatic acid phosphatase in a variety of primary and metastatic neoplasms. The aim was to explore the histogenesis of tumors affecting the prostate gland and to demonstrate the prostatic origin of metastases in various sites. A highly specific antiserum to prostatic acid phosphatase was raised in rabbits, and the peroxidase-antiperoxidase procedure was carried out on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded routine pathology material. All specimens from the 37 cases of known primary and metastatic prostatic carcinomas stained positively for prostatic acid phosphatase, regardless of their histologic differentiation. None of the specimens from the 44 cases of proven nonprostatic primary and metastatic tumors stained positively for prostatic specific acid phosphatase. The data suggest that demonstration of prostatic acid phosphatase by the immunoperoxidase technic is a practical, sensitive, and specific test for the prostatic origin of an otherwise unclassifiable primary or metastatic neoplasm.
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PMID:Prostatic origin of tumors. An immunohistochemical study. 615 93

A 67-year-old man with complaints of general malaise and epigastralgia was admitted to our hospital for further examination. Upper GI series and endoscopy showed advanced cancer, Borrmann type II; biopsy specimens revealed pathological pictures of malignancy. The serum alpha-fetoprotein values were remarkably high (473,000 ng/dl); the liver scintigram revealed a space-occupying lesion in the right lobe and the abdominal CT-scan showed ascites and lymphadenopathy of the abdominal para-aortic region. Therefore, double cancer of the stomach and the liver was suspected. The patient died in a state of hepatic coma with a rapid increase of jaundice, ascites and right pleural effusion at 3 weeks after admission despite the anti-cancer treatment. Autopsy revealed embryonal carcinoma with yolk sac tumor elements of stomach origin, extensive metastasis to the liver, lung, peritoneum, and portal vein. The peroxidase anti-peroxidase technique revealed that primary and secondary tumor cells produced alpha-fetoprotein.
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PMID:[A case of alpha-fetoprotein producing embryonal carcinoma of the stomach]. 619 22

The authors report a series of 97 germinal tumours of the testis in the adult, studied first in terms of conventional histological data. Of 33 seminomas, 2 secreted HCG. The 5-year actuarial survival at stage I was 93%, and at stage II 75%. Stage II deaths revealed the existence of not purely seminomatous tumours. Amongst dysembryomas, half secreted HCG, with 3 histological groups: predominant choriocarcinomas, tumours with a trophoblastic component and "apparently pure" dysembryomas. The 3-year actuarial survival for dysembryomas was 90% at stage I and 58% at stage II. 51 patients of the series were studied retrospectively by sections with HCG peroxidase, a technique which reveals the intracytoplasmic synthesis of the hormone. Two types of cells have proved capable of such synthesis: syncytial cells, of syncytial-trophoblastic type, and small mononuclear cells. One third of seminomas and 90% of dysembryomas proved to have a trophoblastic component as demonstrated by HCG immunoperoxidases. All patients secreting HCG were HCG peroxidase positive. This equally applied to all patients with syncytial cells. Furthermore, all the indications are that HCG secretion is above all by the syncytial cells. From a diagnostic standpoint, any rise in beta HCG is synonymous with an HCG immunoperoxidase trophoblastic component. Detection of such a component using immunoperoxidase would seem to be essential for non-secreting tumours. From a prognostic standpoint, seminomas with a trophoblastic component are in fact dysembryomas and lymph node dissection should be performed, this being the only way of not missing a non-seminomatous metastasis. Therapeutically, pure seminomas are distinguished by the possibility of cure by radiotherapy. For all other tumours, orchidectomy must be followed by lymph node dissection. Subsequent treatment is decided on the basis of the results of the latter, with the exception of tumours with visceral metastases where chemotherapy must come first.
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PMID:[Diagnosis, prevalence, prognosis and treatment of the trophoblastic component in germinal tumours of the testis in the adult]. 629 86

The malignant fibrous histiocytomas reported to the Department of Pathology of the University Cantonal Hospital of Geneva between 1971 and 1978 are reviewed and a clinico-histological study is conducted in 21 out of 27 cases. An attempt is made to correlate some histological features (i.e. mitoses, atypical figures, inflammatory cells, necrotic areas, stroma, cellular morphology) with clinical course (i.e. local recurrence and metastases). No clinico-histological correlation was found and the result is thus comparable to the literature, which suggests that factors influencing prognosis are size, localization and depth of the tumor: the prognosis of small, distal and superficial tumors is better. Furthermore, using the peroxidase bridge technique for lysozyme, 3 positive reactions were found in 17 assays. The authors' immunohistochemical findings together with other histological features of the tumors and results reported in the literature suggest that the malignant fibrous histiocytoma is derived from an undifferentiated mesenchymal cell rather than from "histiocytes" as its name would suggest.
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PMID:[Malignant fibrous histiocytoma. An attempt at a histo-clinical correlation in 21 cases]. 629 32

In order to better define the use of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) as a marker for neuroendocrine neoplasms, we studied 11 thymic carcinoid tumors, three bronchial small-cell carcinomas (all with cutaneous metastases), and 10 trabecular carcinomas of the skin for its presence, using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) technic with an antiserum directed at NSE. All 11 carcinoid tumors stained positively, as did two of the bronchial small-cell carcinomas and seven of the trabecular carcinomas. We conclude that PAP staining for NSE content may be a useful adjunct to morphologic analysis in diagnostically identifying the tumors we studied and that our results support the concept of a functionally unified APUD system, as reflected in the tumors originating from it. Nevertheless, because of the vagaries of the PAP method, exemplified by the results in our small series, it cannot be relied upon as a sole indicator that a tumor contains NSE and is therefore neuroendocrine. Also, since it is hypothesized that NSE is present in all tumors of this type, staining for its presence would seem to be of little benefit in distinguishing primary from secondary neuroendocrine tumors or in identifying the origin of metastatic lesions that have a neuroendocrine histologic appearance.
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PMID:Neuron-specific enolase in neuroendocrine tumors of the thymus, bronchus, and skin. 630 8


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