Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 42-year-old woman presented with a 25-week pregnancy and stage IV breast cancer with metastases in the skeleton and liver and a T-4 primary tumor. She was treated with two cycles of doxorubicin, methotrexate, and vincristine. Spontaneous labor resulted in a normal female infant, who was successfully treated for sepsis and mild respiratory distress. The placenta showed diffuse chorioamnionitis. There was no doxorubicin demonstrated in the placenta, blood, or fetal lymphocytes 3 weeks after the last treatment. Maternal and fetal chromosomal analyses were unremarkable. The child is functioning normally 2 years after delivery. The literature on anthracycline treatment during pregnancy is reviewed. Adriamycin has been shown to cross the blood-placenta barrier, but has not led to specific fetal abnormalities when given during the second or third trimester. Experience during the first trimester is still limited.
 ...
PMID:Combination chemotherapy and radiation for stage IV breast cancer during pregnancy. 229 17

Between March 1983 and June 1986 127 patients with localized osteosarcoma of the extremity were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Preoperative chemotherapy consisted of two cycles of methotrexate (MTX) (high or moderate doses) followed by 6 days by cisplatin (CDP). Surgery was an amputation or a rotation plasty, or a limb salvage. Necrosis was good in 52% of cases, fair in 36%, and poor in 12%. Postoperative chemotherapy consisted of Adriamycin (doxorubicin [ADM]) and bleomycin (BCD) for poor responders; and ADM, MTX, and CDP for fair responders. Good responders were treated as fair responders or with only MTX and CDP. At a 47-month follow-up, 66 patients remained continuously disease free and 61 patients developed metastases. Six of these patients had also a local recurrence. According to the grade of necrosis, the cumulative disease-free probability at 5 years was 67% for good responders, 42% for fair responders, and for poor responders 10% at 45 months. According to the doses of MTX, survival at 5 years was 58% for patients who received high doses and 42% for patients treated with moderate doses. No differences in the rate of survivors were observed between amputated patients and patients treated with limb salvage. The authors conclude that (1) a limb salvage procedure is possible in about 70% of cases and as safe as demolitive surgery, if adequate surgical margins are achieved; (2) good responders have a better prognosis than fair and poor responders if postoperative chemotherapy is sufficiently prolonged and also includes ADM; (3) a different postoperative chemotherapy for poor responders did not improve their prognosis; and (4) a multidrug regimen using high doses of MTX is probably more effective than moderate doses.
 ...
PMID:Primary chemotherapy and delayed surgery (neoadjuvant chemotherapy) for osteosarcoma of the extremities. The Istituto Rizzoli Experience in 127 patients treated preoperatively with intravenous methotrexate (high versus moderate doses) and intraarterial cisplatin. 233 71

During the 13-year period ending December 31, 1984, 51 patients treated by curative gastrectomy for gastric adenocarcinoma invasive beyond the submucosa were eligible to enter adjuvant chemotherapy trials. Twenty-one of 22 patients in the first treatment group (FMe) received 5-fluorouracil and a nitrosourea. The second group of eight patients received the same drugs plus Adriamycin (FAMe). Twenty-one patients were observed as surgical controls. Each adjuvant treatment group was subdivided into groups of patients with zero to four or five or more lymph node metastases for survival analysis. Fifteen patients were alive without evidence of disease at five years. Analysis of variance of survival times showed that lymph node status (P = 0.0001) and adjuvant chemotherapy (P = 0.01) were statistically significant prognostic variables. The FMe group had the best survival. A Fisher's exact test showed that the FMe group had a greater proportion of five-year survivors (P = 0.0217) than the no treatment arm. Patients with only zero to four positive lymph nodes in the FMe group had a statistically greater number of five-year survivors than patients in the no treatment arm (P = 0.0155). In this series, postoperative 5-fluorouracil and MeCCNU significantly improved the survival times of patients after curative gastrectomy for adenocarcinoma as compared with surgical controls.
 ...
PMID:Adjuvant 5-FU and MeCCNU improves survival following curative gastrectomy for adenocarcinoma. 236 86

Adriamycin (ADM) entrapped in liposomes (Lip-ADM) was prepared and its therapeutic effects studied using the mouse leukemia cell line, P388, which metastasized to axillary lymph nodes after inoculation into the foot pads of CDF1 mice. Lip-ADM injections (7.5 mg/kg) were given into the foot pad at two-day intervals. Two series of experiments were performed; one in which Lip-ADM was administered on days 1,3 and 5 following tumor inoculation, and the other in which it was administered on days 5 and 7. Both Lip-ADM injection regimens significantly inhibited metastases to the lymph nodes as compared with mice given injection of saline solution. Furthermore, the therapeutic effects of three Lip-ADM injections were significantly greater than the effects of free ADM. Histological examinations of lymph nodes revealed that three injections of Lip-ADM completely eliminated tumor cells, whereas viable tumor cells were still observed in the lymph nodes after treatment with free ADM. The results of this study suggest that Lip-ADM is useful for the treatment of lymph nodes metastases and that the local injection of Lip-ADM, through such means as endoscopy, would be recommended as a clinical mode of application.
 ...
PMID:The antitumor effects of adriamycin entrapped in liposomes on lymph node metastases. 238 42

Over the past 10 years there has been significant progress made in the recognition and treatment of soft tissue sarcomas. With the advent of CAT scans and MRI, preoperative delineation of soft tissue tumors has become readily available. The diagnostic use of these modalities in patients presenting with an ill-defined asymptomatic mass has been extremely helpful in terms of screening patients to decide whether or not a biopsy is indicated. These techniques have also provided a much clearer delineation of the anatomic extent of the primary tumor, which has been of great assistance both in radiation therapy treatment calculations as well as in preoperative surgical planning. The recognition that tumor grade is the dominant prognostic variable has resulted in the more common use of a grading system, and a more uniform reporting and stratification of end results. Recent studies with immunohistochemical staining have proven of value in determining the histogenesis of many tumors that in the past were difficult to classify accurately. Most recently the use of flow cytometry suggests that this will also be a valuable adjunct in determining tumor grade and thereby prognosis. The most recent investigations of molecular biologic evaluation of genetic DNA and RNA sequences, as well as of oncogenes are extremely interesting from a diagnostic standpoint and in demonstrating the potential of molecular biologic evaluation for understanding the origin of these tumors. Multimodality therapy with surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, or all three has resulted in a marked improvement in local tumor control for patients with soft tissue sarcomas. The combination of modalities has allowed smaller surgical excisions of the tumor and thereby preservation of the extremity and much of its function. There are currently several different methods of multimodality therapy used including neoadjuvant therapy and postoperative therapy, both of which have been proven efficacious. Chemotherapy is now playing an increased role in clinical investigation and treatment. The availability of Adriamycin, DTIC, cisplatin, and most recently ifosfamide has added several chemotherapeutic agents for use by the clinician. Combination chemotherapy and radiation is of value in the neoadjuvant setting, and several studies are now underway to determine whether postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is of similar value in reducing systemic spread of disease. Finally, surgical resection of pulmonary metastases has been proven of value in 20% to 25% of patients who subsequently develop metastatic disease. As a result of these advances in several different treatment disciplines, the overall survival rate and quality of life of patients with soft tissue sarcoma have improved markedly over the past 10 years.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Progress in the recognition and treatment of soft tissue sarcomas. 240 92

Four consecutive infants and children with hepatoblastomas were treated with a combination of Adriamycin (doxorubicin) and cisplatin. Three patients had unresectable tumors and in each there was a dramatic decrease in tumor size and serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels. The tumors of two of these patients, including one with pulmonary metastases which cleared, were rendered resectable. The third patient's tumor remained unresectable but his AFP level returned to normal following radiotherapy. All three patients are disease-free, and both without metastases are off therapy from 9 to 24 months. A fourth child received the combination as adjuvant therapy following resection of an embryonal hepatoblastoma and he remains disease-free 7 months after its discontinuation. Therapy was tolerable in all patients and its principal toxicities were myelosuppression and magnesium wasting. Adriamycin and cisplatin in combination were very effective in these patients and deserve further trials, especially in unresectable and metastatic hepatoblastomas.
 ...
PMID:Adriamycin and cisplatin for hepatoblastoma. 241 81

Weekly intravenous doses of 20 mg Adriamycin were given to 22 patients with hormone-resistant metastatic cancer of the prostate. (Median duration treatment: 8 weeks; range 3-60 weeks.) Of 21 adequately treated patients, 6 achieved a subjective response (Median duration: 4 weeks; range 4-28 weeks). In 2 patients a more than 50% size reduction of measurable lymph node metastases was observed, while the disease progressed at other sites (mixed response). The median survival from treatment start (8.5 months) was unrelated to the achievement of subjective response. In 10 of 21 patients a reduction of serum alkaline phosphatase was observed and 7 of 21 patients showed a decrease of serum prostatic acid phosphatase. These biochemical changes were not related to response. Toxicity was generally mild, but one case with severe irreversible thrombocytopenia was observed after 3 weekly doses of 20 mg Adriamycin. Weekly low-dose Adriamycin has marginal subjective efficacy in progressing hormone resistant prostatic cancer, a condition where effective and feasible chemotherapy is lacking. The combination of weekly low-dose Adriamycin with other agents, preferably hormones, should be explored.
 ...
PMID:Weekly low-dose adriamycin in hormone-resistant metastatic cancer of the prostate. 243 53

Anaplastic giant cell thyroid carcinoma is highly malignant. Surgery, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy used separately have not been effective. Combinations of the three modalities have been used at Radiumhemmet since the middle of the 1970s. Nine patients received three-drug chemotherapy and radiotherapy. One patient was alive after 12 years; eight died. Twenty-five patients were given a similar regimen (with two fractions of radiotherapy per day), aiming at surgery. Twelve patients could undergo surgery. Two were alive 11 and 3.5 years after diagnosis. One patient died free of tumor after 6.5 years. Of the remaining 22 patients, many died of metastatic disease. A combination of preoperative and postoperative radiotherapy, chemotherapy (bleomycin, cyclophosphamide, and 5-fluorouracil) and surgery during the remission has given a 12% (four of 34) survival (greater than 3 years). All survivors had undergone surgery. The patients who died had in many cases achieved local tumor control. Adriamycin (Adria Laboratories, Columbus, OH) once a week replaced BCF due to treatment complications in patients receiving BCF. Of five patients, only one was alive more than 10 months after treatment.
 ...
PMID:Multimodality treatment in anaplastic giant cell thyroid carcinoma. 244 42

Two Adriamycin (doxorubicin)-based chemotherapy regimens were investigated in patients with carcinoma of the breast who had failed prior systemic therapy. The two chemotherapy programs, dibromodulcitol, Adriamycin, vincristine, and Halotestin (fluoxymesterone) (DAVH), and thiotepa, Adriamycin, vinblastine, and Halotestin (TAVH), were chosen for comparison on the basis of reported response rates of 40% to 50% with remission durations of 11 months in patients refractory to other cytotoxic chemotherapy. Cycles of DAVH were repeated every 4 weeks. Cycles of TAVH were repeated every 3 weeks. Of 184 patients evaluable for response, 32% of patients treated with DAVH and 38% of patients treated with TAVH had a complete response (CR) or partial response (PR). An additional 5% of patients had nonmeasurable improvement in osseous disease for an overall rate of response (CR + PR + improvement) of 40%. Patients who had previously received cytotoxic chemotherapy for metastatic disease or had early failure after adjuvant therapy had a lower response rate to DAVH, but not to TAVH than those who did not fail prior chemotherapy. Duration of response and survival were similar with the two treatments. There were seven treatment-related deaths, five among patients receiving DAVH and two among patients receiving TAVH. Patients receiving DAVH had significantly more thrombocytopenia and neurologic toxicity than those receiving TAVH. These treatments appear to be reasonable second-line regimens and are good candidates to be used in initial therapy of metastatic disease or adjuvant therapy studies that explore the use of alternating non-cross-resistant combinations with cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil.
 ...
PMID:Combination chemotherapy of advanced breast cancer. Comparison of dibromodulcitol, doxorubicin, vincristine, and fluoxymesterone to thiotepa, doxorubicin, vinblastine, and fluoxymesterone: an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Study. 250 19

Chemotherapy was used to treat 11 children with hepatoblastoma that was judged to be unresectable because of tumor tissue in both lobes of the liver (eight patients) or because of size of the primary tumor (three patients). Three with bilobar involvement also had metastatic disease. Adriamycin was used in all patients. In nine, it was used in combination with cisplatin. A combination of other agents was used in four of these children. After two to six cycles (mean, 4 cycles), eight primary tumors exhibited marked response with greater than 50% reduction in size. Metastases disappeared in two patients. Complete resection of residual tumor was attempted in eight cases, and was successful in seven. One patient died at the time of surgery during an extended right hepatectomy. Two children had anaplastic hepatoblastomas that did not respond to chemotherapy, and the children died. One responder with giant cell hepatitis died from a severe coagulopathy and bleeding during chemotherapy before surgery. With preoperative chemotherapy, seven of 11 children with "unresectable" hepatoblastoma are now alive without disease 4 to 42 months following successful resection.
 ...
PMID:Preoperative chemotherapy in 'unresectable' hepatoblastoma. 254 11


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>