Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Internal radiation therapy with transarterial injection of iodine-131-labeled iodized oil (Lipiodol Ultra-Fluide [LUF]) was evaluated in 15 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and eight with hepatic metastases. Five patients with hepatocellular carcinoma received more than one injection. Treatment tolerance was excellent, as assessed clinically and by means of liver function tests. An analgesic effect was noted in the two patients with painful hepatocellular carcinomas. Serum alpha 1-fetoprotein levels dropped rapidly in 11 of the 12 patients with elevated basal values. An average reduction in tumor size of 50% was observed in the nine cases followed up with computed tomography. After 5-12 months of follow-up, six of the 15 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were alive. Two of them had undergone liver transplantation. Histologic examination of one of the livers, removed 3 months after a third injection, revealed microscopic features highly suggestive of radiation effect in LUF-containing areas. In the group with widespread hepatic metastases, no objective response was noted, except for an analgesic effect in three cases.
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PMID:Hepatic artery injection of I-131-labeled lipiodol. Part II. Preliminary results of therapeutic use in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and liver metastases. 283 67

We describe a case of hepatocellular carcinoma in which a tumor embolus in the portal vein and 3 of 4 intrahepatic metastases were necrosed completely by Lipiodol transcatheter chemo-embolization (Lipiodol-TCE). Tumor emboli in the portal vein and intrahepatic metastases usually cannot be necrosed by conventional transcatheter chemo-embolization alone, because small nodules such as intrahepatic metastases and tumor emboli in the portal vein are supplied blood from the portal vein. However, in this case, Lipiodol-TCE was effective against tumor emboli in the portal vein and intrahepatic metastases.
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PMID:Necrosis of portal tumor embolus of hepatocellular carcinoma by lipiodol transcatheter chemo-embolization. A case report. 285 Dec 55

In sixteen patients who had been treated 42 months before on an average for malignant melanomas of the lower extremity (stage I) by a unilateral endolymphatic therapy with 32P/131J-Lipiodol UF, bipedal lymphography with oily contrast medium was performed. In consequence of the high-dosed intralymphatic radiotherapy the lymph nodes of the treated side are markedly reduced in size and number; fourteen out of the sixteen patients, however, showed lymph nodes of normal size and structure which had not been coloured during ELRT. On the basis of this phenomenon, a possible mechanism of formation of metastases in previously treated lymph nodes is discussed. The presentation and extent of radiogenic reactions in the lymph vessels correspond to the changes known for percutaneous irradiation.
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PMID:[Lymphographically detectable long-term changes caused by endolymphatic radionuclide therapy (ELRT) in the infradiaphragmatic lymph system]. 298 21

Selective reticuloendothelial (RE) cell uptake of ethiodized oil emulsion 13 (EOE-13), an emulsion of Ethiodol (ethiodized oil) roentgenographic contrast material in a phosphate buffer, permits detection of small metastatic lesions of the liver and spleen through enhancement of roentgenographic density differences on computerized tomography (CT) between tissues containing and not containing RE cells. To determine the efficacy of this contrast material in the assessment of patients with metastatic disease of the liver, routine CT and emulsion enhanced tomography (EOE) were performed in a series of 15 patients prior to surgical exploration for treatment of carcinoma of the colon and rectum. All patients were suspected of harboring hepatic metastasis on the basis of clinical examination, liver function tests or radionuclide scans. EOE consistently demonstrated the nature and location of hepatic defects. Surgical exploration failed to locate one metastasis that was judged to be real because of progressive enlargement on EOE and CT over a period of two years. CT scans detected metastases in three patients subsequently shown to have normal livers and failed to detect disease in one patient subsequently shown to have metastases. EOE contrast material provides a more sensitive and accurate picture of metastatic liver involvement from carcinoma of the colon and rectum than is available on routine CT. The information provided by the results of this test can be useful in preoperative planning when treatment of disease of the liver is considerable feasible.
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PMID:Ethiodized oil emulsion enhanced computerized tomography in the preoperative assessment of metastases to the liver from the colon and rectum. 300 41

We studied a prophylactic chemotherapy against hepatic metastases arising from the shedding of tumor cells into the portal circulation. The therapy was done with a lymphographic oily contrast medium, Lipiodol, and a high molecular weight anticancer agent named poly(styrene-maleic acid) copolymer conjugated neocarzinostatin (SMANCS), developed in our laboratory. SMANCS was dissolved in Lipiodol by sonication (SMANCS/Lipiodol, 1 mg of SMANCS in 1 ml of Lipiodol). Twelve rabbits were simply inoculated with the highly malignant carcinoma VX-2. Fifteen rabbits were given injections of SMANCS in glucose and Lipiodol into the portal vein and were subsequently inoculated with the tumor cells. Eighteen were given injections of SMANCS/Lipiodol and then the tumor cells. These rabbits were killed 12 days later. Thirteen were given injections of the tumor cells alone and were allowed to survive. Sixteen were given injections of SMANCS/Lipiodol and then with the tumor cells; they were allowed to survive. Rabbits given injections of SMANCS/Lipiodol before tumor inoculation had significantly fewer (P less than 0.001) metastases than those not treated or those given SMANCS in glucose and Lipiodol. Survival was significantly longer [P less than 0.005; 36.0 +/- 7.7 (SD) days] with SMANCS/Lipiodol before tumor inoculation than without treatment [23.5 +/- 3.0 days]. SMANCS/Lipiodol has a prolonged anticancer effect because it remains in the portal vein and allows sustained drug release from the oil (Lipiodol) to aqueous spaces. Hepatic metastases might be prevented by portal administration of the appropriate oily anticancer agent.
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PMID:Reduction of hepatic metastases in rabbits by administration of an oily anticancer agent into the portal vein. 302 19

A new method of arterially administering an oily anticancer agent was successfully established for the selective targeting of metastatic lymph nodes. A high molecular weight anticancer agent, a conjugate of copolymer (styrene maleic acid) to neocarzinostatin (SMANCS) was prepared in our laboratory and dissolved in a lymphographic oily contrast medium, Lipiodol (SMANCS/Lipiodol). SMANCS/Lipiodol was administered intraoperatively to eight patients with colorectal cancer and preoperatively to one patient with gastric cancer with lymph node metastases. In six of the patients with colorectal cancer, the drug was administered via an artery and in the other two patients the drug was injected into the wall of the colon near the primary cancer. In the patient with gastric cancer, the drug was administered via the left gastric artery. Delivery of the drug to the lymph nodes was examined roentgenologically and the anticancer effect was examined histologically. The results showed that SMANCS/Lipiodol could be delivered to the metastatic lymph node via the artery, but it could not be delivered to the metastatic lesion of the lymph node via the lymphatic route. In the patient with gastric cancer, SMANCS/Lipiodol preoperatively administered via an artery was found to remain selectively in a metastatic lymph node and an anticancer effect was histologically proved in all three of the metastatic lymph nodes.
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PMID:Anticancer effects of arterial administration of the anticancer agent SMANCS with lipiodol on metastatic lymph nodes. 303 May 30

We studied one kind of prophylactic chemotherapy against hepatic metastases. The therapy was carried out with a lymphographic oily contrast medium. Lipiodol, and a high-molecular-weight anticancer agent known as SMANCS. SMANCS was dissolved in Lipiodol by sonication (SMANCS/Lipiodol, 1 mg of SMANCS in 1 ml of Lipiodol). SMANCS/Lipiodol, administered into the portal vein, remained for a long time in the portal vein and was eliminated gradually through the bile and urine. SMANCS/Lipiodol (0.4ml/kg) was injected into the mesenteric vein in rabbits, which were then inoculated with the highly malignant carcinoma VX-2. Rabbits injected with SMANCS/Lipiodol before inoculation had significantly fewer hepatic metastases than the control 12 days later (P less than 0.001). Survival was significantly longer (P less than 0.005; 36.0 +/- 7.7 days) with SMANCS/Lipiodol before inoculation than without treatment (23.5 +/- 3.0 days). Hepatic metastases might thus be prevented by portal administration of an appropriate oily anticancer agent.
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PMID:[Prevention of hepatic metastases in rabbits by administration of an oily anticancer agent into the portal vein]. 303 69

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TAE) and hepatic arterial infusion using totally implantable reservoir were performed for the treatment of liver metastasis of colo-rectal cancers, and their therapeutic effects, side effects and complications were evaluated. Eleven cases of H1 (metastasis in one lobe only), 7 cases of H2 (a few scattered metastases in both lobes), 12 cases of H3 (numerous metastases in both lobes) were entered into the study and underwent TAE 45 times. Gel foam, Ivaron and Lipiodol were used as embolic materials in combination with chemotherapeutic agents such as mitomycin C and adriamycin. Serum CEA level was decreased less than 50% of pre-TAE level 20 out of 32 (61%). The tumor size was regressed in 25% of TAE cases which were evaluated on the basis of CT scan. Abdominal symptoms including abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting and fever, leukocytosis, elevated GOT, LDH and bilirubin level were seen after TAE therapy. Median survival of H1, H2 and H3 cases were 21 months, 8 months and 4.5 months, respectively. Another 21 cases (H1, 5 cases: H2, 3 cases: H3, 13 cases) of liver metastasis of colo-rectal cancers were treated with selective hepatic arterial infusion therapy using totally implantable reservoir. Reservoir catheters were implanted into hepatic artery via gastroduodenal artery under direct vision at laparotomy. Mitomycin C, adriamycin and fluorouracil (5-FU) were used as chemotherapeutic agents. No particular side effect such as leukopenia or liver dysfunction was noted. Median survival of H1, H2 and H3 cases treated with arterial infusion were 4 months, 9 months and 9 months, respectively. Median survival of TAE cases and arterial infusion cases was 10 and 6 months, respectively. Thus, the survival rate of cases treated with TAE was better than that of cases treated with arterial infusion.
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PMID:[Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and selective hepatic arterial infusion using totally implantable reservoir]. 341 58

The use of an experimental liposoluble contrast agent-Ethiodized Oil Emulsion 13 (EOE 13)--is described in hepatic computed tomography (CT) of 23 oncologic patients. Without exception, all the hepatic metastases were better delineated in the EOE 13 enhanced scans. The postcontrast scans also detected an increased number of lesions but not all were malignant. There is no specificity to the increased lesion detection. Various splenic abnormalities were detected. Very few minor side effects and no major side effects were caused by the contrast media. We feel that with time, hepatic specific agents such as EOE 13 will become the contrast media of choice in hepatic CT examinations. Also, CT with hepatic specific agents may become the preoperative examination of choice in candidates for partial hepatectomy.
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PMID:CT detection of hepatic metastases with Ethiodized Oil Emulsion 13. 629 54

A new method for the treatment of solid tumor, in particular, primary and metastatic liver cancer using a hydrophobic-polymer conjugated macromolecular anticancer agent, smancs is described. Smancs was dissolving in a lipid contrast medium, Lipiodol, as an injection into the feeding artery. The marked antitumor effect was observed in both experimental animals and human trials. In the patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, both reductions in tumor size and alpha-feto-protein were observed in 91% of the patients. The survival period of the treated patient with highly advanced stage and inoperable cases was comparable to or better than that of resected cases. No major side effect such as bone marrow suppression or liver toxicity was observed due to selective drug delivery to the tumor. About half of the patients, however, showed a transitory fever (37-39 degrees C) for 1-3 days. The mechanism for such selective tumor targeting of anticancer agent appears to be due to the difference in the vascularity of tumor and normal tissue. Furthermore, we found that lack of lymphatic clearance system in the tumor made the prolonged and selective retention of such lipophilic drug in the tumor tissue possible. Another advantages of this method are found in radiological approaches. Differential diagnosis of primary or metastatic cancer became possible and dosing regimen can be determined since a presence of the contrast medium is restricted to the tumor area and it parallels to that of the drug being dissolved. Insufficiency in X-ray staining indicates a need for subsequent injection. The selective remaining of Lipiodol in the tumor for long period may help follow-up study as well.
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PMID:[Tumor selective drug delivery with lipid contrast medium (smancs/lipiodol): sustained antitumor effect, enhanced diagnostic value and quantification of dosage regimen]. 632 81


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