Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Using an intragastric contrast medium (Lipiodol) the paragastric lymph nodes of 23 patients were lymphangiographed prior to laparotomy. The patients suffered from gastric or duodenal ulcers (15 cases), postresectional ulcers (3 cases), or gastric carcinoma (5 cases). The surgically resected material was examined by radiological and histological techniques. The following results were obtained: 1. After application of the contrast medium the paragastric lymph nodes could firstly be seen 5 hours later and even after 7 days and more. 2. The radiographs presented typical storage phenomena with granular or clod-like structures as an equivalent of the inflammatory lymph node alterations. Histologically a marked sinus catarrh with lipid laden reticulum cells and multinuclear giant cells of the foreign body types was observed. 3. In gastric carcinoma characteristic storage defects up to complete destruction of the lymph nodes were found as a roentgenological equivalent of lymph nodes metastases. In addition there were occasionally abnormal courses of the lymphatic vessels with variations in diameter and bizarre storage formations. 4. The described method provides a helpful tool in the diagnosis of gastric lesions. No side effects have been observed.
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PMID:[Endoscopic-radiological demonstration of the gastrointestinal lymph nodes and lymph vessels]. 124 76

The regional lymph nodes of the stomach can be visualised radiologically by injecting Lipiodol Ultra-Fluid into the submucous layer of the stomach wall through a gastroscope. Lymphography was performed in gastrologically healthy probands (n = 10), in patients with gastroduodenal ulceration (n = 17), and in patients with gastric carcinoma (n = 35). In 28 of the gastric carcinoma patients the first order lymph nodes were demonstrated, in 21 cases the second order and in 15 cases the third order whereas defects in uptake indicated metastases in 16 patients which could be histologically confirmed in 13. Gastric lymphography may contribute to the indication for operation if metastases are suspected in the second and third order lymph nodes as nodes along the upper border of the pancreas and the coeliac trunk are very difficult to remove radically.
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PMID:[Results of gastric lymphography with particular reference to gastric carcinoma (author's transl)]. 126 10

Thirteen patients undergoing selective coeliac angiography before insertion of an indwelling hepatic arterial cannula underwent injection of 3 ml radiolabelled Lipiodol (2 MBq 131I) into the hepatic artery at the end of the procedure. At subsequent laparotomy 1-9 days later, biopsies were taken from normal liver and metastases. The radioactivity of this material was measured to establish the tumour:liver ratios. Two patients with large metastases (> 10 cm in diameter) had low ratios. In the remainder, the median ratio at 24 h was 1.5:1 (range 1.1-2.5:1; n = 5) and 2.6:1 (range 1.5-64.0:1; n = 6) at 3-9 days. Four patients underwent single photon emission computed tomography, which confirmed selective retention of Lipiodol in small metastases, although no activity was detected in a large deposit (> 15 cm) 10 days after injection. The tumour:liver ratio in the other three patients increased from 3.0-5.6:1 on day 1 to 4.5-7.2:1 on day 6. This study suggests that Lipiodol may be a useful therapeutic delivery agent to small colorectal liver metastases.
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PMID:Biodistribution of Lipiodol following hepatic arterial injection. 133 Jan 98

We report the results of transcatheter intraarterial perfusion of liver with the emulsion of iodized oil and cytostatics performed as palliative treatment in three patients with hepatic metastases of pancreatic endocrine tumors. Two patients had insulinoma and one patient had glucagonoma. They were also treated by medical therapy from the time the diagnosis was made. Intraarterial perfusion of the liver was achieved by Lipiodol emulsified with streptozotocin and 5-fluorouracil. Regarding these three patients therapeutic responses were different in duration of hormone secretion decrease. Relief of hypoglycemic attacks and a significant decrease of plasma immunoreactive insulin concentration within 12 months without any additional therapy was observed in the patient with insulinoma (case no. 2). This patient had slightly increased immunoreactive glucagon concentration from the time of diagnosis. A decrease of immunoreactive insulin levels in other patient with insulinoma and an increase in plasma glucose to the euglycemic range during two months allowed a reduction of doses of somatostatin analogue and diazoxide. Due to rapid progression of the disease, intraarterial perfusion of liver was repeated three months later with the same results. Remission of symptoms was partial in the case of glucagonoma. Immunoreactive glucagon levels were not changed and there was no significant benefit of the treatment. Intraarterial perfusion of liver with iodized oil and cytostatics could be an effective, safe and repeatable method of palliating symptoms of malignant pancreatic tumors, especially in inoperable but nonterminal cases. It could allow reduction of additional medical therapy, but success of the treatment is not predictable.
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PMID:Improvement of metastatic endocrine tumors of the pancreas by hepatic artery chemoembolization. 144 92

Nine patients with multiple metastases including liver from breast cancer were treated with transarterial chemoembolization through hepatic artery using 40-50 mg of 4'-epi-adriamycin and Lipiodol, followed by 800-1,200 mg/day of medroxyprogesterone acetate. Of 9 patients thus treated, there were 4 partial response (44%), 2 no change and 3 progressive disease. Duration of disease control ranged from 4 to 46 months (mean 24.5 months). Seven out of 9 patients died within 6 to 37 months (mean 15.3 months) after diagnosis of liver metastases. The 3- and 5-year survival rates were 45% and 11%, respectively. We conclude that this therapy is a useful treatment modality for controlling liver metastases of breast cancer.
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PMID:[Combination of transarterial chemoembolization and endocrine therapy for liver metastases of breast cancer]. 165 31

Over a 30 month period from 1987 to 1990, selective hepatic cannulation under fluoroscopic control was performed in 57 consecutive patients with primary and secondary malignancies of the liver. Fifty-three patients were subsequently treated using intra-arterial Lipiodol emulsified with epirubicin. The tumours treated were hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 35), metastatic adenocarcinoma (n = 14), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (n = 3) and leiomyosarcoma (n = 1). For hepatocellular carcinoma the cumulative survival was 38% at one year; the median survival was 12.2 months for Stage I, 6.3 months for Stage II and 0.9 months for Stage III tumours. In metastatic disease the cumulative survival was 63% at one year. These data suggest that targeted intra-arterial chemotherapy with Lipiodol-epirubicin is a useful palliative therapy for patients with Stage I and II HCC, and that a controlled trial of this treatment should be undertaken.
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PMID:Selective regional chemotherapy of unresectable hepatic tumours using lipiodol. 165 18

The computed tomography (CT) findings in a 17-year-old male student with liver metastases from a primary adenocarcinoma of the rectum are presented. Lipiodol-enhanced CT 4 days after lipiodol infusion demonstrated several metastases not visible on conventional CT. A repeat CT 13 months later showed lipiodol to have been retained within the original lesions and also demonstrated new metastatic deposits free of lipiodol. Although persistence of lipiodol for up to a year has been reported by workers in Japan imaging hepatocellular carcinoma (Yumoto et al., 1985) this experience has not been confirmed in the UK (Raby et al., 1989). There are relatively few reports investigating metastatic adenocarcinoma (Nakakuma et al., 1985), none of which refers to persistence of lipiodol over 1 year. This case report demonstrates the ability of lipiodol-enhanced CT to detect occult metastases and also to facilitate their follow-up and differentiation from newer lesions.
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PMID:Case report: persistence of lipiodol for 13 months in metastatic deposits in the liver on computed tomography. 133 17

Twenty-five patients with renal cell carcinoma were treated with a lipophilic macromolecular drug, poly(stylene-co-maleic acid)-conjugated neocarzinostatin (SMANCS) dissolved in lipid contrast medium (Lipiodol). The drug was injected by catheterizing the renal artery and another feeding artery in 24 patients, and in the common hepatic artery in 1 patient with metastases to the liver after a radical nephrectomy. The procedure of selective arterial administration of 3-20 mg/mL of SMANCS/Lipiodol was simple to perform and was required once every two to three weeks. Total dose of SMANCS for each patient varied from 3 to 57 mg. Both SMANCS and Lipiodol accumulated more selectively in tumor than in any other tissue and remained in the neovasculature and extracapillary space for a long time. CT pattern of the remaining oil contrast medium in the tumor was characterized by the high-density area localized mainly in the periphery of the tumor around the central necrosis. When hyperviscosity Lipiodol (Lipiodol HV) was used as lipid contrast medium, it remained more persistently in the tumor and disappeared more slowly than Lipiodol. Moreover, the pronounced anticancer effect was recognized when SMANCS/Lipiodol HV was administered compared with only SMANCS/Lipiodol. Severe side effects, such as myelosuppression, unendurable pain, paralytic ileus, etc., were not observed. This targeting chemotherapy may be of great significance for advanced renal cell carcinoma.
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PMID:Tumor-targeted chemotherapy with lipid contrast medium and macromolecular anticancer drug (SMANCS) for renal cell carcinoma. 184 30

A case of hepatocellular carcinoma is reported in which the main tumor, intrahepatic metastases and a tumor thrombus in the portal vein were necrotized completely after Lipiodol chemoembolization. In this case, the tumor thrombus seemed to act as a portal embolus. This phenomenon is interesting because Lipiodol chemoembolization alone usually can not necrotize intra- or extra-capsular invasion, intrahepatic metastasis or tumor thrombus in the portal vein. This case is considered to be suggestive of a possible therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.
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PMID:A case of necrosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and tumor thrombus in the portal vein induced by transcatheter arterial lipiodol chemoembolization. 216 19

From January 1986 to December 1988, 85 patients (55 men and 30 women, mean age 59 years) with metastatic liver tumors were treated with hepatic artery embolization (TAE) or infusion (HAI). Sixty-eight patients with successful catheterization were treated with TAE using iodized oil (Lipiodol) mixed with anticancer agent (ACA). In 12 of 68 patients with hypervascular tumors gelatin sponge was added. Patients with unsuccessful catheterization were treated with hepatic artery infusion of ACA. Forty-three patients received oral chemotherapy following TAE or HAI. Overall, the 6-month, and 1- and 2-year survival rates were 69.5, 31.8 and 4.1 per cent, respectively (mean 233 days). A univariate analysis of prognostic factors showed that number of metastases, stage, treatment times and oral chemotherapy were all significant factors (p less than 0.05). Ascites, jaundice, percentage of hepatic replacement and treatment protocol also had some influence (p less than 0.1). Sex, age, primary site, elevation of tumor markers, other metastatic lesions, portal vein involvement and difference in anticancer agent had no prognostic significance. A multivariate analysis using Cox's proportional hazard model revealed that the number of treatments had the most important prognostic significance, followed by oral chemotherapy, stage and percentage of hepatic replacement.
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PMID:Prognostic factors in liver metastases after transcatheter arterial embolization or arterial infusion. 216 10


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