Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 31 patients resected specimens from primary colorectal cancers, corresponding liver metastases and local recurrences were investigated for the staining pattern of lectins (PNL, UEA, WGA, HPA, SBA, RCA) and tissue antigens (CEA, SP, ACT) by immunohistochemistry. Comparison of staining patterns showed a loss of marker expression from normal colonic mucosa to colorectal primary carcinomas, and a tendency to marker loss from the primary tumour to liver metastases. However, even a neo-expression of markers not present in the primary tumour could be observed. For clinical use, serum markers observed in patient follow-up may be valuable even where the findings are negative at the time of primary tumour surgery. In contrast to the heterogenous marker map of primary tumours and metastases, comparison of primary and locally recurrent tumour revealed a staining pattern that was almost always identical. This supports the hypothesis that locoregional recurrences develop from remnant cells of the primary tumour left behind at surgery. There is no support for the thesis that locoregional recurrences arise from mucosal changes at the anastomosis or from suture material.
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PMID:Lectins and immunohistochemistry of colorectal cancer, its recurrences and metastases. 237 90

Combined therapy was used on a consecutive series of 48 patients with extrapelvic Ewing's sarcoma at the Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute. The adjuvant chemotherapy protocol (VCR, ADM, D-ACT, EDX) was identical in all patients whereas local treatment consisted of amputation, resection and radiation treatment or radiation alone. At a mean follow-up of 58 months (39-78) 30 patients (60%) were free of the disease. This is a significantly higher percentage than that obtained in the same period with adjuvant chemotherapy using only 3 drugs (VCR, ADM, EDX). As far as the type of local treatment is concerned, the percentage of local recurrences and metastases was lower when the primary lesion was treated with surgery or surgery combined with radiotherapy, rather than radiation treatment alone. These suggest that if associated with radiation treatment and chemotherapy, surgery can play an important role that should be considered in the treatment of extrapelvic Ewing's sarcoma.
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PMID:[Therapy of non-metastatic Ewing's sarcoma (pelvis excluded). Results obtained in 48 cases combining local therapy (radiation and/or surgical) and adjuvant chemotherapy with vincristine, adriamycin, dactinomycin and cyclophosphamide]. 357 34

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) type common surface antigens (CSA) were examined by indirect immunofluorescence with rabbit antiserum to HSV type 1 in a clonal hamster cell line 155-4 transformed by HSV type 2. The tumor formation was examined in hamsters transplanted with various transformed and tumor cells. The examination of subclones derived from 1554-cell line gave the following results. (1) Thirty subclones were isolated and classified into three phenotypes as to CSA expression: (i) in CSA-positive type (20% of the clones isolated), the number of CSA-positive cells increased soon (5 hr) after seeding at 37 degree; (ii) in CSA-inducible type (33% of the clones), the number of CSA-positive cells increased after treatment with actinomycin D (ACT-D, 2 micrograms/ml), but not without ACT-D; (iii) CSA-negative type (47% of the clones), the number of CSA-positive cells did not increase after seeding or after ACT-D treatment. (2) In tumor cell lines derived from the parent line and from three representative clones, CSA expressions were similar to that by CSA-negative type. (3) Transformed cells expressing CSA after seeding or after ACT-D treatment formed tumors and metastases less efficiently than cells expressing little CSA in transplanted hamsters. (4) Tumor cell lines formed tumors and metastases more efficiently than transformed cells expressing little CSA in transplanted hamsters.
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PMID:Expression of herpes simplex virus common surface antigens and malignancy by clonal cells of a herpes simplex virus type 2-transformed line. 628 Nov 15

The histologic characteristics and clinical features of six new cases of ACT of the minor salivary glands are reported. These neoplasms accounted for 3.8% of all the minor salivary gland tumors examined by our service. Three cell types were identified: acinar, vacuolated, and intercalated duct-cell. Those cell types were organized in three growth patterns: solid, papillary, and microcystic. Tumor cells were PAS positive both before and after treatment with diastase. Occasionally, they were slightly positive to mucicarmine staining. According to our study, ACT occurs in adult life, apparently without sex preference. Asymptomatic swelling was the most frequent presenting symptom; however, on occasion pain and ill-fitting dentures were reported. Most of the tumors in were described as fixed soft tissue masses, less than 1.5 cm in diameter. No recurrences or metastases were seen in any of the patients for a mean period of four years. Simple surgical removal was the therapeutic measure used in all cases.
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PMID:Acinic cell tumor of the minor salivary glands. 695 93

Our previous study revealed that mutations of the p53 gene were detected by cDNA sequencing in one of four (25%) primary gastric tumors and in five of six (83%) gastric cancer cell lines. It was of interest that all five cell lines established from metastatic lesions had p53 gene mutations, while the single cell line established from a primary tumor lacked an abnormality. Thus, the current study was initiated to determine the frequency of p53 mutations in 10 pairs of samples from primary gastric carcinomas and their lymph node metastases, in addition to morphologically normal gastric mucosa. In addition, we correlated the findings with other relevant molecular markers including the metastasis associated nm23-H1 gene and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) using multiple polymorphic markers for chromosome 17p and sequencing the entire open reading frame (ORF) of the p53 gene. Five of ten (50%) patients were constitutionally heterozygous for one or more 17p and/or p53 probes (pYNZ 22, BamHI RFLP; pMct35.1, Mspl RFLP; php53cl, Bg/II RFLP), while none had LOH at the 17p and/or p53. A Bg/II RFLP for analysis of possible nm23-H1 somatic allelic deletion revealed no LOH out of four informative cases. One paired sample demonstrated the substitution of valine for isoleucine at codon 41 (GTT to ATT) in both primary gastric tumor and metastasis. Another metastatic sample demonstrated the substitution of proline for threonine at codon 278 (CCT to C/ACT) in addition to a non-mutated codon, while only the wild-type p53 sequence was present in the paired primary gastric tumor tissue.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Comparison of p53 gene mutations in paired primary and metastatic gastric tumor tissues. 790 5

This paper reports 5 patients with MFH in the soft tissues and 10 in the jaws. Fourteen patients (5 in soft tissues and 9 in jaws) underwent surgery, 5 and 3 of the 9 bone cases received additional irradiation and chemotherapy respectively. Fourteen patients had been followed up for 6 months to 4 and 1/2 years. Two patients of jaw had local recurrences 1 to 8 months following surgery; 6 of 9 ones with follow-up died, 2 of whom were associated with pulmonary metastases. MFH of bone showed significantly worse prognosis than those localized in soft tissues, particularly in maxilla. Pathologically, the tumors of this series were divided into 5 types. The relation between the mitosis and the malignancy of MFH in the jaws was significant. Immunohistochemical stains for lysozyme, A, AT and ACT showed that ACT was the most sensitive marker for MFH.
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PMID:[Clinical and pathological studies of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) in the oral and maxillofacial regions with report of 15 cases]. 819 19

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a 30 kDa glycoprotein serine protease that shows high tissue specificity for prostatic tissue, both benign and malignant. However, recent reports have shown that a variety of normal and neoplastic tissue types express PSA immunohistochemically. In addition, rare instances of the secretion of PSA by nonprostatic cancers have been reported in the literature. The authors present a case of salivary duct carcinoma associated with elevated serum levels of PSA. Both the primary tumor and metastases stained positively with anti-PSA monoclonal antibodies, but were negative with antibodies directed against prostate-specific acid phosphatase. Elevated serum PSA levels were confirmed with three different immunoassay methods. A peak serum level of 140 micrograms/L was measured and this correlates with levels of PSA associated with metastatic prostatic carcinoma. High performance liquid chromatography with a molecular sieve column characterized the serum PSA into both free protein (approximately 20%) and protein bound to alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (PSA-ACT)(approximately 80%). Molecular weights of the free PSA and PSA-ACT subfractions were 27-31 kDa and 100-110 kDa, respectively.
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PMID:Salivary duct carcinoma secreting prostate-specific antigen. 871 81

A large number of endocrine tumors express somatostatin receptors, and the use of radiolabeled somatostatin analogs has been recently introduced for their localization. Using in vivo scintigraphy with 111In-pentetreotide, primary tumor localizations were demonstrated in 3/3 carcinoids (2 intestinal carcinoids and 1 lung ACTH-secreting carcinoid; in 2 patients liver metastases larger than 1 cm were visualized), in 1/1 GH-secreting pituitary macroadenoma, and in 1/1 thyroid localization of MTC. Bone and/or lymph node metastases were imaged in 2/4 patients previously treated for MTC, with persistently high CT and CEA levels; in the other 2 patients the other scintigraphic techniques were also negative. Octreotide scintigraphy was negative in 2/2 insulinomas and in 2/2 ACT-producing pituitary adenomas. In 2 patients with carcinoid syndrome and 1 patient with Cushing syndrome due to ectopic ACTH, octreotide therapy induced a significant decrease in tumoral markers. Our preliminary data are in agreement with the results of larger series reported in literature: octreotide scintigraphy is a useful noninvasive tool to detect endocrine tumors expressing somatostatin receptors, particularly for carcinoids. It is of great use in the differential diagnosis of Cushing syndrome due to ectopic ACTH. Moreover, 111In-pentetreotide scintigraphy may be useful in selecting patients who may benefit from octreotide therapy to control hormonal hypersecretion effects.
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PMID:111In-octreotide scintigraphy in endocrine tumors. Preliminary data. 900 67

The effect of whole-body hyperthermia (WBH) on viscoelastic properties of whole blood, as measured by the thrombelastogram (TEG) and Sonoclot analyser, was investigated in 10 patients undergoing WBH-carboplastin therapy for metastatic disease. Blood was taken from an existing central line at baseline (37 degrees C), during warming (39 and 41 degrees C) and cooling (39 and 37 degrees C). Sonoclot and TEG samples were analysed simultaneously at 37 degrees C and at the patient's temperature with a temperature-compensated unit, except at 41 degrees C for the Sonoclot (maximum temperature adjustment of 40 degrees C). TEG measurements included R time (time to initial fibrin formation [mm]), K time (mm) and alpha angle (degrees) (both reflecting fibrinogen-platelet interaction), maximum amplitude (representing qualitative platelet function [mm]) and per cent fibrinolysis at 30 and 60 min. The Sonoclot ACT (SonACT-secs), initial rate of clot formation (%), time to peak amplitude (min) and peak amplitude of the Sonoclot signature (mm) were recorded. Decreased R time of the TEG compared to a marginally elevated baseline was found at all times during warming and cooling (p < 0.05). The K time was decreased at 41 degrees C compared to a normal baseline (p < 0.05). The SonACT was decreased (from an elevated baseline) at all other times, without differences in measures at patient temperature versus 37 degrees C (p < 0.05). The data suggest acceleration of fibrin formation during WBH to 41 degrees C in patients with malignancy. Implications for defining thromboembolic risk require further investigation.
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PMID:The effects of intentional hyperthermia on the Thrombelastograph and the Sonoclot analyser. 1036 89

During the initiation and progression of malignant melanoma a series of genetic events accumulate, including alterations of chromosome 11q. Recently, an important tumour suppressor gene, the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) gene, has been mapped on 11q13 and has been cloned. To assess whether the MEN1 region is involved in tumour initiation and progression, we analysed 23 primary cutaneous melanomas and 17 metastases for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) using two informative polymorphic markers closely linked to the MEN1 gene (PYGM and D11S449). To search for mutations within the gene, single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis was performed using 13 primer sets with designed intronic sequences to amplify the MEN1 coding sequence exons 2 to 10. None of the cases showed LOH at the MEN1 gene locus. By SSCP analysis, no aberrant bands were identified on exons 3 to 10. Analysis of exon 2 revealed the presence of aberrant bands in two of the analysed melanomas. Sequencing analysis revealed a genetic polymorphism at S145S (AGC-->ACT) in both sections. None of the cases analysed showed MEN1 gene mutations. This study represents the first genetic analysis of the MEN1 gene in sporadic melanomas. Our data demonstrate no evidence of deletion or mutation of the MEN1 gene in primary or metastatic melanoma. Therefore, MEN1 gene alterations appear not to be associated with tumorigenesis of malignant melanoma. The MEN1 gene appears to be a highly specific tumour suppressor gene only involving tumours within the spectrum of MEN1 disease.
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PMID:Mutation analysis of the MEN1 tumour suppressor gene in malignant melanoma. 1046 80


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