Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Many patients diagnosed with breast cancer will develop metastases and these have diverse presentations. We have reviewed 100 consecutive patients who have died with metastatic breast cancer, to determine the frequency, sites and mode of presentation of recurrent disease. The commonest site of failure was loco-regional (n = 61), this usually presented with a mass, but a minority of patients also complained of pain. Bone metastases developed in 60 patients and produced bone pain, pathological fracture (n = 6) or cord compression (n = 5). Pulmonary metastases producing shortness of breath were diagnosed in 34 patients and were asymptomatic in a further 10. Intra-abdominal metastases were found at some time in 23 patients, most commonly in the liver (n = 20) and the majority complained of epigastric pain (n = 17). Brain metastases occurred in 23 patients and produced a wide range of symptoms including those of a space-occupying lesion (n = 10), cranial nerve palsy (n = 7), diabetes insipidus (n = 3), focal limb weakness (n = 2) and meningitis (n = 1). Three patients had choroid metastases producing reduced visual acuity. Recurrent breast carcinoma can present in a variety of ways, therefore any new symptom or sign should be considered to represent recurrence until proved otherwise.
 ...
PMID:Patterns of clinical metastasis in breast cancer: an analysis of 100 patients. 863 4

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), whether primary or metastatic, rarely involves the ovary. All previously reported cases have been in adults. Herein we describe a 14-year-old girl who underwent extensive neurologic and musculoskeletal assessment because of symptoms of generalized muscle weakness and pain. She was found to have SCC that involved the ovary, with widespread metastases. This case illustrates the importance of eliciting a thorough history and evaluating the patient's symptoms. A review of the differential diagnosis of ovarian SCC is included. To our knowledge, our patient is the youngest to be described in the literature with SCC in the ovary.
 ...
PMID:Squamous cell carcinoma in the ovary of a 14-year-old girl. 863 62

Malignant meningiomas are rarely encountered neoplasms. Few studies have examined MIB1 (marker of cell proliferation) or p53 (tumor suppressor gene) immunoreactivity in these tumors. This study retrospectively examines 23 malignant meningiomas (defined by the presence of either unequivocal brain invasion or metastasis) including MIB1 and p53 immunohistochemistry. The patients included 13 women and 10 men who ranged in age from 22 to 82 years (mean 63 years). Initial clinical presentation included weakness or numbness in 10 patients, visual signs or symptoms in 7 patients, and headaches in 6 patients. Histologically, nuclear pleomorphism was present in 23 of 23 tumors, disorganized architecture in 22 of 22, necrosis in 20 of 23, prominent nucleoli in 17 of 23, and hypervascularity in 4 of 23. One to 18 mitotic figures per 10 high power fields (HPF) (mean 6.1) were observed. Metastases were present in six patients (bone: 3 patients; lung: 2 patients; skin: 2 patients; kidney: 1 patient; and liver: 1 patient). MIB1 indices (positive tumor cells per 1,000 tumor cells evaluated x 100) in 20 tumors ranged from 1.3 to 24.2 (mean 11.7). p53 nuclear staining was observed in only 2 of 20 tumors. Follow-up information was available in 21 patients: 6 died of tumor (mean 27 months); 9 are alive with residual tumor (mean 35 months); 5 are alive with no evidence of tumor (mean 12 months); and 1 died 13 days postoperatively. There was no obvious correlation of the MIB1 index and tumor behavior. The majority of malignant meningiomas are characterized by nuclear pleomorphism, architectural disorganization, necrosis, prominent nucleoli, and increased mitoses. MIB1 labeling in most malignant meningiomas was high, consistent with the generally rapid growth of these tumors. Only a rare malignant meningioma demonstrated p53 alteration by immunostaining.
 ...
PMID:Malignant meningioma: a clinicopathologic study of 23 patients including MIB1 and p53 immunohistochemistry. 865 46

The authors retrospectively reviewed the surgical outcomes in 10 cases of symptomatic intradural extramedullary spinal metastases of nonneurogenic origin because the collective experience in treating this rare manifestation of systemic cancer is limited. Pain and weakness were the presenting complaints in 70% of the patients and sensory changes were found in all cases. Cytological tests on one specimen of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from each of seven patients showed malignant cells in two cases. Gadolinium contrast-enhanced biplanar magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was effective in localizing the lesion and showed evidence of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis in two cases; myelography showed leptomeningeal carcinomatosis in one case and erroneously identified the lesion as intramedullary in the other. Eight of 10 cases had antecedent intracranial metastatic foci with the interval from presentation of the intracranial lesion to appearance of the spinal disease ranging from 3 to 51 months. The majority of the spinal lesions occurred in the thoracolumbar area. The most frequent histological type was adenocarcinoma and the most frequent source was the lung. In all cases laminectomies, intradural exploration, and biopsy or subtotal excision aided by microscopy and ultrasonography were performed. Results of surgical decompression were poor with only 30% of the patients showing improvement, at a 20% risk of perioperative mortality and a 60% risk of morbidity. Plans for surgical intervention in patients with intradural extramedullary metastases from a distant noneurogenic source should be weighed against the high association with intracranial lesions, overall poor prognosis, and modest symptomatic results of decompression. Comprehensive evaluation including multiple specimens of CSF for cytology and contrast-enhanced MR imaging should be undertaken to exclude patients with diffuse leptomeningeal involvement, who should be treated by means other than surgery.
 ...
PMID:The surgical treatment of metastatic spinal tumors within the intradural extramedullary compartment. 904 25

We present an unusual case of a large pyogenic liver abscess containing multiple stones caused by perforation of a necrotic gallbladder and spread of the infection into the liver. It manifested by weakness, weight loss, and a palpable liver mass, pointing toward a neoplastic process. Workup for metastatic disease was negative, and tumor markers also were negative. Ultrasound and computerized tomography were inconclusive, and the diagnosis was established by laparoscopy. Open drainage and cholecystectomy were performed, with good outcome. In the literature, there have been very few reports of intrahepatic perforation of the gallbladder resulting in formation of hepatic abscess. The presentation, diagnosis, and management of liver abscesses, as well as the complications of acute cholecystitis, are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Liver abscess secondary to intrahepatic perforation of the gallbladder, presenting as a liver mass. 875 79

A case of malignant oncocytoma of the left parotid gland occurring in a 57-year-old man presenting with a painless lump is reported. The tumor was round, firm, mobile, well defined, and located in the left preauricular area. There was no evidence of facial weakness. At operation the left parotid gland was exposed to reveal a tumor arising from the superficial lobe, but involving the facial nerve. Superficial lobectomy was performed followed by reanastomosis using the great auricular nerve for the sacrificed facial nerve. Subsequently, the tumor recurred 13-months after the primary excision. The patient underwent radical neck dissection and was given supplementary radiation therapy. Because DNA-FCM of the tumor showed diploid-type with a large G2/M peak, we regarded radiation therapy as being potentially effective. Follow-up examinations performed two years later revealed no evidence of regional or distant metastases. The histologic examination of the original and the recurrent lesion showed large atypical cells, with abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm, which were often pleomorphic and highly-mitotic. Under ultrastructural examination, the cytoplasm contained numerous mitochondria of various shapes and sizes. These pathological findings were consisted with malignant oncocytoma.
 ...
PMID:[A case of malignant oncocytoma of the parotid gland]. 882 48

This report describes a man with known metastatic disease who presented with bilateral upper extremity weakness. The cause was discovered to be symmetrical cerebral metastases.
 ...
PMID:Symmetrical cerebral metastasis presenting with bilateral upper extremity weakness. 890 82

The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of spinal MRI in suspected spinal metastasis. The effect of spinal MRI on treatment planning choices (radiation, chemotherapy, steroids, or surgery) in 130 patients with suspected spinal metastatic involvement was evaluated. In a retrospective group of 100 patients, 47 (47%) had therapy changes associated with MR findings. Forty out of 78 (51%) of patients presenting with symptoms (back pain, weakness, paresthesia, or sphincter dysfunction) had MR associated therapy choices. Seven out of 22 (32%) of patients without spinal symptoms had therapy changes. Twelve out of 30 (40%) of patients evaluated prospectively had therapy choices directed by MR findings. Overall, 59 out of 130 (45%) of patients had therapy choices associated with findings in spinal MRI. MRI results influenced the addition or modification of radiation therapy treatment in 33% of the patients suspected of metastatic disease to the spine.
 ...
PMID:The impact on treatment planning of MRI of the spine in patients suspected of vertebral metastasis: an efficacy study. 893 Apr 68

A splenic hemangiosarcoma with multiple organ metastases in a pony is reported. Clinical signs included weakness and pallor. Abdominal paracentesis revealed haemorrhagic fluid. Laboratory data included anaemia, thrombocytopenia and hypoproteinaemia. Necropsy findings included a haemangiosarcoma in the spleen with metastases in the lung, liver, kidney and omentum.
 ...
PMID:[A pony with a metastasized hemangiosarcoma]. 896 99

Myasthenia gravis is a neurologic disorder characterized by intermittent muscle weakness which improves after anticholinesterase medication. The pathogenesis of myasthenia gravis is associated with production of autoantibodies to nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in the motor end plate. Most patients do not have an underlying neoplasm, but in 10-15% of the cases, a thymoma may be detected. Apart from thymoma, no other tumor type or organ has consistently been associated with myasthenia gravis. We describe an unusual case of myasthenia gravis in a patient with malignant mixed Mullerian tumor of the uterine corpus. Initial histology revealed malignant mixed Mullerian tumor of a predominant carcinomatous element. At that time, there were no symptoms of muscle weakness. Intraabdominal metastases were detected later, concommitantly with symptoms of muscle weakness and the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. Histology of the metastases disclosed an exclusive mesenchymal element with striated muscle differentiation. To the best of our knowledge this case is the first report of myasthenia gravis in a patient with malignant mixed Mullerian tumor of the uterine corpus. We propose that the mechanism contributing to myasthenia gravis in this patient was closely associated with the evolving histology and with the nature of the tumor, so that antibodies produced to muscle-like epitopes exposed by malignant cells could have cross-reacted with acetylcholine nicotinic receptors and caused myasthenia gravis.
 ...
PMID:Myasthenia gravis associated with malignant mixed Mullerian tumor of the uterus. 906 62


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>