Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Surgical operations depress immune responses. The aim of this study was to observe the effects of operation (amputation) on the growth of the Lewis lung tumour and its metastases and to see if C. parvum counteracted them. Anaesthesia alone, or with amputation, did not affect the growth of the primary tumour but C. parvum depressed it. Anaesthesia did not affect the number of pulmonary metastases but amputation caused significant increase. C. parvum inhibited metastases and completely counteracted the effects of operation. Large amounts of cortisone significantly increased metastases but small doses did not. Experiments in adrenalectomized mice suggested the effects of operation were due to non specific stress.
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PMID:Effects of surgery and C. parvum on tumour metastases in mice. 60 11

C57B1/6 mice were given intravenous tumor cells on day O. Mice were then given either a brief exposure to halothane anesthesia or given halothane and then underwent a hind limb amputation. Immune testing was done at varying time intervals and correlated with the development of artificial pulmonary metastases. The effects of a single 15 minute exposure to halothane on the immune system are probably short-lived and no effect on cell-mediated cytotoxicity was seen on day 7, nor was an increase in pulmonary metastases observed. However, when anesthesia was combined with surgery, cell-mediated cytotoxicity was impaired and an increase in pulmonary metastases was seen. The use of thiabendazole (TBZ), an nonspecific immunopotentiator, in the perioperative period restored the cell-mediated cytotoxic response and resulted in a significant decrease in pulmonary metastases.
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PMID:Halothane, surgery, immunosuppression and artificial pulmonary metastases. 63 70

The effects of operation (lower-limb amputation) on the growth of the Lewis lung tumour and its metastases were studied. The role of C. parvum in counteracting these effects was investigated. Anaesthesia alone or with amputation did not affect primary tumour growth. C. parvum depressed this growth. Anaesthesia did not affect the number of pulmonary metastases, but amputation caused a significant increase. C. parvum inhibited metastases and completely counteracted the effects of operation on them. Large doses of cortisone acetate significantly increased metastases but small doses had no effect. Experiments with adrenalectomized mice suggested the effects of operation were due to non-specific stress.
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PMID:Effects of amputation and Corynebacterium parvum on tumour metastases in mice. 64 27

Experience with post-lymphographic percutaneous fine needle aspiration lymph node biopsy is described in 13 patients with suspected metastatic malignant disease. All aspirations were performed using an anterior transabdominal approach under local anaesthesia with fluoroscopic guidance. In most patients more than one lymph node was biopsied. Four patients with confirmed metastatic disease had a positive biopsy in the appropriate lymph node. Seven patients with negative biopsies had the absence of metastatic disease confirmed by surgery or follow-up roentgenograms. One patient with a negative biopsy was lost to follow-up. There were two patients with negative biopsies in whom representative lymphoid tissue was not aspirated. No evidence of metastasis was found in these patients at surgery. No serious complications were encountered.
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PMID:Percutaneous lymph node aspiration biopsy: experience with a new technique. 64 91

Direct contact irradiation may be used in the curative treatment of patients with carefully selected early rectal lesions. With earlier diagnosis, a large number of patients may present with suitable lesions. The treatments last three minutes and are administered every two weeks to a total dose of 9,000 rad to 12,500 rad. The patients require no general anesthesia or hospitalization and may continue working during this treatment. There appears to be no risk of morbidity or mortality. The rectum is preserved. Most beneficial of all to the patient, a colostomy is avoided, although later surgery is not precluded for local failures. It has been found that recurrence, should it occur, appears within the 18 months immediately following treatment. Good palliation can be achieved in some cases for patients with metastatic disease, for their local symptoms. We believe that the endocavity method of irradiation contributes an important advance in the management of patients with cancer of the rectum and feel it should be available universally.
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PMID:Treatment of rectal carcinomas by means of endocavity irradiation. 69 8

150 cases of prostate cancer treated with estrogens at the Urology clinic of the Hotel-Dieu from 1963 to 1974 are presented. The men ranged in age from 50 to 91; the majority were 60-69 years. Their clinical stages were 29% Stage 1, no perceptible mass; 43% Stage 2, nodule felt on rectal exam; 13% Stage 3, tumor extended outside the prostate but not metastases, normal prostatic phosphatases; and 15% Stage 4, elevated prostatic phasphatases and metastases. Diagnosis was by urinary symptoms in Stage 2 or above, rectal palpation, and puncture biopsy under local anesthesia. Estrogen treatment consisted of diethylstilbestrol, stilbelstrol diphosphate or TACE (Chlorotraianisene), or estradiol. Estrogen side effects were loss of libido after 1 month, gynecomastia, and nausea. Other treatments included prostatectomy in Stages 1 and 2, cobalt in 5 cases, castration in 3 cases, 1 endo-uretral resection, and 1 hypophysectomy. 50% died in 1 year and 16% were lost to follow up and presumed dead in 1 year; the mean survival of the others was 3 years. Estrogen therapy improved symptoms and reversed tumor growth temporarily in hormone-dependent cancers, but these tumors all escape hormone control eventually.
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PMID:[Course of prostate cancer under estrogen therapy]. 87 31

The end results of therapy of 1,358 breast cancer patients were studied. Anaesthesia was performed by ether-nitrogen-oxygen (554 cases) or halothane-nitrogen-oxygen (804 cases) mixture with addition of oxygen. The method of Holstead was employed in all cases. A comparison of groups of patients on the basis of such parameters as the anaesthetic used, age and degree of tumour progression (according to the TNM classification and results of post-operative histological assays) showed them to be identical. The study showed that the type of anaesthesia influenced the end results of therapy of cancer patients: the survival rates of patients receiving halothane anaesthesia were much higher than those of the ether-anaesthetized patients. The differences were most pronounced among patients who received pre-operative radiation therapy and post-operative chemotherapy as well as in cases of metastasis spread into regional lymph nodes. The mechanism of the effect of the anaesthetic on the survival rates of cancer patients may be explained on the basis of the data available on the varying influences of anaesthetics on the pituitary-adrenal cortec system and carcinemia development during operation as well as the role of immunity in tumour cell implantation and growth of metastases.
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PMID:The influence of the anaesthetic on survival rates of breast cancer patients after surgery. 89 32

The effect of halothane anaesthesia and neuroleptanalgesia (NLA) on the phagocytic activity of the reticulo-endothelial system (RES) was investigated with the aid of the Lipofundin clearance test. The results suggest that halothane in nitrous oxide depresses the phagocytic activity of the RES. NLA did not exert a depressant effect on the RES function. As it is essential for the body to be in a defensive condition to cope adequately with infensive condition to cope adequately with infection and cancer metastases, care must be taken to ensure that an anaesthetic procedure does not cause additional impairment of RES function. The results of the investigations suggest that NLA may have advantages in this respect.
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PMID:Anaesthesia and the reticulo-endothelial system: Comparison of halothane-nitrous oxide and neuroleptanalgesia. 102 56

Starting from a consecutive series of 53 bronchographies performed under local anesthesia, in subjects with carcinoma of the lung ascertained by operation, the Authors analyse both the bronchographical aspects which most frequently come under the surgeon's observation, and the usefulness of this investigation in formulating the operating plan. As regards carcinomas of the large and medium bronchi, the bronchographic aspects they found most frequently are occlusion (82%) both in the form of sudden arrest and in the form of a cone image and stenosis (18%). In peripheral carcinomas, on the other hand, most characteristic bronchographic signs are identified as occlusion (58%) (amputation and stenosis) and dislocation (38%) with rigidity of one or more small calibre bronchi (rigid impairment). On the basis of their experience the Authors conclude that bronchography constitutes an almost indispensable examination for diagnostic purposes in malignant neoplasias, especially in the initial stage, when located outside the field of action of bronchoscopy, and can supply elements indispensable in the preoperative operatability judgement. In fact it not only gives very reliable information on the anatomical situation of the bronchus, as well as on the site and presumed starting-point of the neoplasia, but also supplies more approximate elements with regard to the extent of the neoplasia and any presence of lymphoglandular metastases.
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PMID:[Indications and limitations of bronchography in surgery of carcinoma of the lung]. 102 28

Diagnostic pleuroscopy has been performed under local anesthesia in nine patients using a gas sterilized flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope inserted through a 1 to 2 cm chest incision into the pleural space. Pleuroscopy in one patient excluded recurrent neoplasm on the pleural aspect of a bronchopleural fistula. Another patient had a pleuroscopic biopsy of the lung, which was the only method successful in diagnosing a metastatic renal carcinoma. The other seven patients were studied for pleural effusions which were undiagnosed after study of pleural fluid and/or Abrams needle biopsy. In four of them pleural implants of carcinoma were visualized and proved by biopsy. Three patients had negative pleuroscopy, two of these also being negative at subsequent thoracotomy. One was not explored because of extrathoracic metastases. The procedures were performed with minimal patient discomfort and no serious complications.
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PMID:Pleuroscopy and pleural biopsy with the flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope. 112 88


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