Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

For the elimination of incurable pain in the faciocervical region caused by malignant tumours a transverse separation of the tract of the cerebral nerves V, IX, X and VII is carried out after minute stimulation at several levels under local anaesthesia. In addition, the sensitive cervical roots 1 to 3 are severed. The extent of the separation depends on the extent of the painful region and the effect of the individual separations. The method was successfully employed in 13 patients: 4 laryngeal carcinomas, 2 parotid carcinomas, 2 tongue carcinomas, 1 carcinoma of the pharynx, 1 of the maxilla, 1 of the lip, 1 of the tonsil and 1 of the Os occipitale, in most cases with submandibular metastases.
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PMID:[Cervical tractotomy V, IX, X and VII and accompanying rhizotomy in incurable pain due to malignant tumors of the facial-cervical reagion]. 8 50

Using strict indications, local cryosurgery was performed in 86 patients with cancer of the colon. Survival time was longer both for patients with advanced tumour growth and distant metastases and those with potentially curable tumour but in too poor a general condition for operation. Other advantages of cryosurgery are the low complication and mortality rates, the possibility of out-patient treatment without anaesthesia, and thus a general reduction in cost. Indications for colostomy as final palliation can therefore be more narrowly defined than previously customary.
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PMID:[Cancer of the colon: clinical and morphological aspects of local cryosurgery (author's transl)]. 8 4

The adaptation of the principles of electrocoagulation to controlling symptomatic cutaneous metastatic disease is discussed. The technique permits minimal anesthesia, excellent hemostasis, local control, satisfactory cosmesis with reduced hospitalization. Two illustrative cases are reported of metastatic malignant melanoma and metastatic leiomyosarcoma.
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PMID:Electrocoagulation: palliative surgery to control metastatic cutaneous malignancy. 8 49

The authors have studied the 5 years' survival of 403 cases of mammary gland cancer without development of recurrences and metastases. In 205 out of them ether-nitrous oxide anesthesia and in 198 fluoroxene-nitrous oxide anesthesia were applied. Postoperative Thiophosphamide (Thio-TEP) was administered to all the patients. The main factors characterizing the compared groups were identical in both of them. It has been proved that 5 years survival of mammary gland cancer cases rises when the patients undergo a complex treatment, and during the operation they are subjected to fluoroxene and not to ether.
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PMID:[Effect of anesthesia on the results of the overall treatment of breast cancer]. 9 56

Fifty-one lymphograms were performed in children; the indications, technique and results are discussed. Indications are the search for retroperitoneal involvement in lymphogranulomatosis, lympho-sarcoma and reticulum cell sarcoma; in the search for metastases from malignant tumours, particularly abdominal neuroblastoma, soft tissue sarcomas of the abdomen and lower extremities, testicular tumours and malignant melanomas and finally, for primary lymph-oedema and lymphangiomas. Technique is the same as for adults, but requires particular manual dexterity. Children under six years require general anaesthesia. Amongst 28 children with malignant lymphomas, pathological changes in the retroperitoneal lymph nodes were found in seven. In six, this resulted in a change of the staging. Five out of 16 lymphograms in children with malignant tumours showed evidence of lymph node metastases. All six lymphangiograms in children with lymphoedema and lymphangiomas were abnormal.
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PMID:[Lymphography in childhood (author's transl)]. 12 77

From 1971-1973, 1046 patients underwent laparoscopy in the gynecological department; 256 of the cases were surgical problems. In contrast to gastroenterological laparoscopy, surgical laparoscopy was performed in the operating room under general anaesthesia and everything prepared for immediate surgery. Major surgical interventions--if necessary--were performed immediately after laparoscopy. Indications for surgical laparoscopy were the following: preoperative evaluation of nature, extent and eventual metastases of tumors. Preoperative differentiation of acute and chronic appendicitis from other affections, particularly in younger female patients. Suspected intraabdominal hemorrhage of traumatic or non-traumatic origin. Evaluation of pathological palpatory findings in the abdominal cavity. Differential diagnosis of chronic relapsing intraabdominal complaints of unknown origin. Differential diagnosis of putrid, tuberculous or carcinomatous peritonitis with eventual biopsy. Preoperative evaluation of questions concerning surgery of liver, gallbladder or pancreas in connection with occlusive jaundice, hepatic cirrhosis or malignancy. The results of this study show, that by laparoscopy in over 50% of the patients, major surgical interventions could be avoided. Contraindications were primarily limited to pulmonal or cardiac insufficiency. The only complication (intestinal perforation), was adequately dealt with under the given operative conditions.
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PMID:["Surgical" laparoscopy indications and value]. 13 Feb 32

Two 8-month-old and two 4-month-old male beagle dogs received 250 ml of 150 microgram/ml solution of N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (ENNG) and 2% Tween 60 mixed with a pellet diet twice a day for 8 months as the same methods used for mongrel dogs in our first report [Juntendo Medical Jouranl 19, 579-583 (1973)]. Gastric carcinomas with distant lymph nodes metastases occurred in three beagle dogs except for one died from anesthesia at the endoscopy. Metastases to the liver were observed in two beagles. In the most long-lived beagles, peritonitis carcinomatosa with ascites and metastases to the liver, lungs, bones, and skin were found. Main gastric tumors were located at the subcardia in two dogs (elevated tumor in dog No. 6, ulcerated tumor in dog No. 8), but in dog No 7 at the angulus (ulcerated tumor). Histologically, carcinomas were composed of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, signet-ring cell carcinoma, tubular adenocarcinoma, and undifferentiated adenocarcinoma. In all of three dogs which developed adenocarcinoma of the stomach, Stewart's criteria were completely satisifed. Using our methods the target organ is limited only to the stomach, without any sarcomatous lesion of the intestines.
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PMID:Adenocarcinomas of the stomach induced in beagle dogs by oral administration of N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. 14 26

Breast cancer in association with pregnancy and lactation is rare, but presents a therapeutic problem of considerable magnitude. The outlook for such patients is less favorable than that of nonpregnant, nonlactating women, probably because the stage of the disease is more advanced when it is discovered. The most significant factor in the poorer prognosis is physician delay in diagnosis and therapy. When mastectomy is carried out early in pregnancy, the operation can be as effective as in nonpregnant women of the same age groups. It is emphasized that when pregnancy and breast cancer are found concurrently, prompt therapy for the cancer should be undertaken. Interruption of pregnancy in nondisseminated breast cancer is of little value. If pregnancy is near term when the diagnosis of disseminated breast cancer is made, the desire of the husband and wife for a child should be considered. A modest delay in therapy to allow for delivery probably has no deleterious effect. Castration should be withheld and used only for the patient with metastatic disease. There may be a place for prophylactic castration in the treatment of disseminated disease, but its role is yet to be clearly defined. Subsequent pregnancies in a patient with axillary spread at the time of mastectomy are contraindicated, because of the high rate of treatment failure and decreased rate of survival. In patients desiring future pregnancies following mastectomy, a period of observation of at least 2 years seems wise. At the end of that period, if clinical evaluation, laboratory values, roentgenographic studies, and isotopic bone scanning are negative for disseminated disease, subsequent pregnancies seem safe. Prompt evaluation of any breast mass found during pregnancy and lactation should be carried out by needle or operative biopsies under local anesthesia. Although the prognosis of the pregnant or lactating woman with breast cancer is generally favorable, numerous long-term survivals are encountered in those women who undergo prompt mastectomy early in pregnancy. The former pessimistic outlook for such patients seems unjustified. With modern methods of diagnosis and treatment, therapy can be effective and successful.
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PMID:Pregnancy and breast cancer. 21 May 28

The observed phenomenon that multiple distant metastases may appear and grow rapidly after operation on the primary cancer is very distressing. Many experimental results suggest that surgical procedures may precipitate dissemination and growth of tumor in some instances, but the overwhelming evidences document that surgical reduction of tumor bulk can achieve cure for the host and restore the immunity lost in the face of growing tumors. Various anesthetics were shown to interfere with many phases of the immune response. But recent studies suggest that the inhibitory effect of anesthesia alone is minimal. Depression of lymphocyte transformation, detectable as early as 2 hours after induction, was related primarily to the extent of tissue trauma, the amount of blood loss, duration of operation, and whether thoracic or abdominal cavity was entered. Posoperative changes of lymphocyte counts and transformation responses usually returned to normal values within a week, whereas depression of specific cellular immunity to tumor-associated antigen in vitro, and delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions in vivo, persisted for about a week and gradually returned to normal by 3 weeks. Presently the clinical significance of such transitory depression of host immunity is not known. It is hoped that this review may stimulate interest in further experimental and clinical research.
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PMID:Effect of anesthesia and surgery on immunity. 33 98

The role of interstitial therapy in the treatment of malignant tumors is discussed. With interstitial therapy, the tumor is accurately localized under general anesthesia, irradiation is limited to the tumor-bearing volume of tissues with minimal irradiation of normal structures, and treatment time is shorter than with external beam therapy. Disadvantages include its rather limited clinical application, more complicated dosimetry, the higher level of technical skill required in the surgical procedure, and radiation exposure of operator and personnel. Interstitial therapy is indicated for relatively small well differentiated primary tumors and in cases where the primary and lymph node metastases are in close proximity. A combination of interstitial and external beam therapy is recommended for advanced tumors and in cases of unsatisfactory implants. Seven illustrative cases are presented. It is recommended that improved afterloading techniques and surgical and nonsurgical procedures (e.g.,suspension laryngoscope) be developed so that this type of therapy can be extended to all cases requiring high doses and a small volume of radiation.
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PMID:The role of interstitial therapy in present day radiotherapy. 40 17


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