Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have studied a total of 395 patients with gastric cancer during the past 16 years 57 of whom presented with superficial gastric cancer. The most frequent symptom was gastric pain in 47 patients. Barium weal was not helpful in the diagnosis and failed to define the nature of this disease in 43 patients. Endoscopy enabled visualization of an abnormality in 55 patients, the lesion seen was considered to be compatible with a diagnosis of superficial gastric cancer in 42 cases. The combined results of endoscopy and biopsy diagnosed malignancy in all cases, but a sufficient number of endoscopic biopsy specimens must be taken (5 to 7). Cases of superficial gastric cancer had an 24% incidence of other non gastric malignancies in our series. All patients were treated by surgical resection. The tumor was confined to the mucosa in 38 patients and had infiltrated the submucosa in 19 patients. Four patients had lymph node metastases. The five year actuarial survival was 75% for all the patients and 85% when the lesion was confined to the mucosa. In contrast, the five year survival for the 283 patients with resected gastric cancer was only 23%. Although the prognosis of superficial gastric cancer is remarkably good, patients should be carefully followed over a long period for late recurrent (one patient in our series) of the primary cancer and possible metachronous cancer of other organs.
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PMID:[Superficial gastric cancer. Report of a series of 57 cases]. 227 Sep 13

Danazol is a synthetic steroid that inhibits the gonadotropin secretion. Its efficacy was tested in 27 patients with metastatic breast cancer at the dose of 200 mg three times daily. Characteristics of patients were as follows. The median age was 57 years (range, 44-85). All patients were postmenopausal, and all had previously received a median of two (range, 1-3) endocrine therapies. Estrogen receptor status was known in 12 (positive in five of 12; negative in seven of 12). Dominant sites of metastases were lung in seven, bone in ten, liver in three, and soft tissue in seven. Six of 27 patients were unevaluable for response (early death, four; lost to follow-up, two). Three of 21 patients showed an objective response, eight of 21 obtained stabilization of disease, and eight progressed. The therapy was well tolerated in the majority: gastric pain was observed in three and nausea in two. Danazol could have a role in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer as an alternative regimen when other treatment has failed.
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PMID:A phase II study with danazol in metastatic breast cancer. 366 91

During the last two decades, there has been a trend to use low-dose I-131 ablation therapy in patients with thyroid carcinoma without metastases. However, information regarding the incidence of acute adverse reactions in patients after low-dose radioiodine therapy has not been reported. In this study, the acute radiation effects after low-dose radioiodine ablation therapy in postsurgical differentiated thyroid cancer patients was evaluated. Fifty-six patients with differentiated thyroid cancer were prospectively evaluated. None of these patients had evidence of a distant metastasis. All patients received 40 mCi (1480 MBq) I-131 MIBG orally and were evaluated for symptoms and signs by a physician on the second and seventh days after therapy. Xerostomia and nausea were the most common complaints with the same incidence rate of 5.35%. Gastralgia occurred at a frequency of 3.57%. Pain in the thyroid bed, tenderness over a parotid gland, submandibular glands, change in taste, and vomiting all were found at a frequency of 1.78%. Maximum reactions generally occurred 24-48 hours after therapy. All the symptoms except for xerostomia resolved completely in most patients within a week. In comparison with high-dose ablation therapy published in the literature, the incidence of radiation reactions in low-dose radioiodine therapy was much lower. It was concluded that in patients without lymph node or distant metastases, low-dose I-131 MIBG therapy may be recommended to avoid the high incidence of local complications after high-dose treatment.
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PMID:Short-term hazards of low-dose radioiodine ablation therapy in postsurgical thyroid cancer patients. 889 26

Few cases of gastric carcinoma with infiltrating multi-nucleated giant cells (MGCs) have been reported, and giant cells infiltrating the gastric carcinoma were previously described as osteoclast-like giant cells (OGCs). However, hepatoid adenocarcinomas have never been reported previously, and the present case is extremely rare. A 100-year-old Japanese man with gastralgia was found to have a mass in his gastric body. Histological examination showed a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with infiltration of MGCs. Vascular and lymphatic invasion were noted but there were no metastases. Almost all the tumor comprised cells with hepatoid-like features. The MGCs proliferated, with infiltration of lymphoid cells. A few MGCs contained mucous material in their cytoplasm, indicating these were foreign-body giant cells. Immunohistochemically, the hepatoid-like components were positive for AFP, and staining with polyclonal antibodies against carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) showed the canalicular pattern. We concluded that this component was hepatoid adenocarcinoma. The MGCs were positive for CD68, and surrounding infiltrating lymphoid cells were diffusely positive for CD3. Infiltration of MGCs in gastric cancer may represent a cellular immune response against gastric cancer invasion. Further studies are required to elucidate the etiology of MGCs in gastric cancer.
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PMID:Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach with multi-nucleated giant cell proliferation in a 100-year-old man. 2094 25