Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Allergic reaction to an antitumor agent, cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) (DDP) was investigated. A 15-year-old white male with pulmonary metastases from embryonal carcinoma of testis was treated with a combination of DDP, bleomycin, and vinblastine. The dose of DDP varied from 2 to 2.25 mg/kg given i.v. He received 7 doses of DDP in 9 months. An anaphylactic reaction was seen within 3 min of the initiation of i.v. infusion of the 8th dose of DDP. The reaction was due to atopic hypersensitivity, as confirmed by an immediate wheal and flair reaction and increased histamine release from leukocytes with DDP. His serum IgE level was elevated. Neither the presence of chloride nor the amine grouping in DDP was essential for reactivity. The replacement of platinum with palladium abrogated the reactivity. There was no cross-reactivity with 3 other platinum complexes of known antitumor activity (platinum blue, platinum(II) 1,2-diaminocyclohexane malonate, and platinum(II) ethylenediamine malonate). This was also confirmed by the lack of reaction to subsequent i.v. administration of platinum(II) 1,2-diaminocyclohexane malonate (10 mg/kg) in this patient.
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PMID:Atopic hypersensitivity to cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) and other platinum complexes. 5 Aug 81

Since metastasizing breast cancer is hormone-related, hormonal therapy is based on control of tumor growth by elimination of the hormonal influence, hormone ablatives, or administration of steroid hormones to change the hormonal milieu of thehost organism. The time span during which hormonal therapy may be effective is extremely limited; therefore, this is not recommended for patients with an interval of less than 2 years between primary treatment and 1st manifestation of metastasis, patients with visceral metastasis, or women less than 5 years in the postmenopause. According to cooperative European and American studies remission rates for different types of endocrine therapy include: ovariectomy, 25-40%; adrenalectomy, 30-40%; hypophysectomy, 30-40%; androgen, 20%; and estrogens, 20-35%. Studies are underway concerning the use of antiestrogens (Nafoxidine and Tamoxifen) andinhibition of prolactin secretion. Investigations have shown that patients with proven estrogen receptors in the tumor tissue are particularly responsive to hormonal therapy. For patients with no determinable estrogen receptors, however, chemotherapy is perferable. Ovariectomy is recommended as the 1st measure for women in the premenopause, hormone additives for women longer than 5 years in the postmenopause, and for women in the 1st years after menopause ovariectomy in combination with a form of polychemotherapy. For patients with short free intervals polychemotherapy with another endocrine measure, for pleuracarcinosis and liver metastosis high corticosteroid dosages, and for metastases in the central nervous system radiatio treatment with high corticosteroid dosages are recommended.
Med Welt 1976 May 21
PMID:[Hormone therapy of breast cancer]. 18 Mar 75

We have studied a total of 395 patients with gastric cancer during the past 16 years 57 of whom presented with superficial gastric cancer. The most frequent symptom was gastric pain in 47 patients. Barium weal was not helpful in the diagnosis and failed to define the nature of this disease in 43 patients. Endoscopy enabled visualization of an abnormality in 55 patients, the lesion seen was considered to be compatible with a diagnosis of superficial gastric cancer in 42 cases. The combined results of endoscopy and biopsy diagnosed malignancy in all cases, but a sufficient number of endoscopic biopsy specimens must be taken (5 to 7). Cases of superficial gastric cancer had an 24% incidence of other non gastric malignancies in our series. All patients were treated by surgical resection. The tumor was confined to the mucosa in 38 patients and had infiltrated the submucosa in 19 patients. Four patients had lymph node metastases. The five year actuarial survival was 75% for all the patients and 85% when the lesion was confined to the mucosa. In contrast, the five year survival for the 283 patients with resected gastric cancer was only 23%. Although the prognosis of superficial gastric cancer is remarkably good, patients should be carefully followed over a long period for late recurrent (one patient in our series) of the primary cancer and possible metachronous cancer of other organs.
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PMID:[Superficial gastric cancer. Report of a series of 57 cases]. 227 Sep 13

The monoclonal antibody A33 recognises a tumour-associated antigen on human colorectal carcinoma, and has undergone preliminary evaluation in the clinic where selective localisation to hepatic metastases has been demonstrated [Welt et al. (1994) J. Clin. Oncol. 12, 1561-1571]. A33 and an A33 tri-fab fragment (TFM) were labelled with 90Y via a stable macrocyclic ligand for biodistribution and therapy studies in nude mice bearing SW1222 colon carcinoma xenografts. Biodistribution studies demonstrated tumour localisation for both A33 IgG and TFM with low bone, liver and kidney levels. Clearance of TFM from the blood was much faster than IgG and this led to lower tumour accumulation for TFM but superior tumour-blood ratios. The maximum per cent injected dose per g localised to tumour was 35.9% +/- 5.3% for A33 IgG and 12.9% +/- 4.6% for A33 TFM with tumour-blood ratios at 48 h after administration of 5.6 +/- 1.8 and 29.2 +/- 9.8 respectively. Autoradiography studies with 125I-labelled A33 IgG and TFM demonstrated a homogeneous distribution within tumour tissue which was not observed with other anti-colorectal tumour antibodies. TFM penetrated into the tumour tissue more rapidly than IgG. In therapy studies, a single dose of 90Y-A33 IgG (250 microCi per mouse) or 90Y-A33 TFM (300 microCi per mouse) led to complete regression of 2-week-old tumour xenografts with long-term tumour-free survivors. A transient drop in white blood cell count was observed with both IgG and TFM but was significantly more pronounced with IgG. The cell count fell to 8.4% of control for IgG, whereas with TFM cell counts fell to 51% of control before recovery. These results indicate that the more rapid blood clearance of 90Y-TFM confers reduced toxicity compared with 90Y-IgG although similar therapeutic effects are achieved. When the dose of 90Y-IgG was adjusted to give the same dose to tumour achieved with 300 microCi 90Y-TFM, a lesser therapeutic effect was observed. This may be owing to more rapid tumour penetration achieved with TFM. Both A33 IgG and TFM demonstrated potent anti-tumour effects against human tumour xenografts in this mouse model system. The stability of these 90Y-labelled conjugates and their effective tumour penetration are promising for the development of humanised reagents for clinical studies.
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PMID:Radioimmunotherapy of colorectal carcinoma xenografts in nude mice with yttrium-90 A33 IgG and Tri-Fab (TFM). 876 64

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women and ranks second in cancer deaths worldwide. Breast cancer can metastasize to the skin but rarely, cutaneous metastases may be the first indication of the cancer. Skin metastases of breast cancer are usually found on the chest and close to the point of the mastectomy. We present the rare clinical entity of a breast cancer which was first diagnosed due to the skin metastasis away from the breast tumor. This is a rare case because the skin lesions usually appear simultaneously or secondary. Also, while the existing metastasis; the only symptom was the wheal rash.
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PMID:An unexpected metastasis of breast cancer mimicking wheal rush. 2773 99