Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report a case in which a 71-year-old man with a giant cell glioblastoma who had a spontaneous intracerebral hematoma including subarachnoid hemorrhage and extraneural multiple metastases followed by the craniotomy 9 months later. He had complained of nausea and vomiting on 20, October, 1981 and admitted to the Ohara hospital. For that reason, he was admitted to our hospital on 29, October, 1981 and a CT scan showed a large subcortical high dence mass accompanied by adjacent edema in the right frontal lobe. Gradually he got worse with Korsakoff's syndrome and motor weakness of the left side. Total removal of the hematoma and adjacent tissue by transcortical route on 24, November, 1981 was performed, followed by 60Co radiation therapy to the local area, chemotherapy and immunotherapy. The surgical specimen showed typical features of giant cell glioblastoma with intratumoral hemorrhage. After 9 months of the operation, he had complained of the subcutaneous tumor in the supraclavicular region and swelling of the right arm. After the second admission on 30, August, 1982, a biopsy of the tumor revealed malignant tumor cells resembling intracerebral giant cell glioblastoma. He died on 29, November, 1982. At autopsy, extraneural metastases were revealed at some lymph nodes, organs and bones. However, a primary tumor was not found in the other organs. Lymph node: cervical, supraclavicular, mediastinal, bronchial, pancreaticoduodenal, hepatic hilus, mesenteric, retroperitoneal, and parastomach. Organ: esophagus, Ileum, jejunum, adrenal gland and kidney. Bone: vertebra (thoraco-lumbar), sternum, rib. Positive reaction to GFA protein antibody was demonstrated in the tumor cells in the periphery of the surgical specimen of the brain tumor.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[An autopsy case of extraneural metastases of giant cell glioblastoma with intracerebral hemorrhage]. 408 47

The patient was a 60-year-old Japanese male. He complained of epigastralgia and right chest pain of 4 month's duration, and general malaise, nausea and vomiting of 2 month's duration. Physical examination revealed on the right third rib a tender mass with a diameter of 2 cm and hepatomegaly with a multi-nodular surface and red palms. There were no signs of carcinoid syndrome, such as cutaneous flushing. Laboratory examinations disclosed certain biochemical alterations; alkaline phosphatase 810 IU/l, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP) 2090 IU/l, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) 23.5 ng/ml and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) 6,800 ng/ml. Both HBs-Ag and HBs-Ab were negative. The patient died in a uremic state, with rapid increases of jaundice and ascites. Autopsy revealed gastric carcinoid with extensive metastases to the liver and the bone marrow. Tumor cells showed argyrophilia but not argentaffinity. Immunofluorescence specific for AFP was positive in the hepatocytes, particularly those adjacent to the metastatic tumor cells but not in the tumor cells, either primary or secondary. 79 cases reported in Japan of serum AFP-positive malignant tumor other than hepatocellular carcinoma and certain other malignancies of germ cell origin are reviewed and discussed.
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PMID:Serum alpha-fetoprotein-positive gastric carcinoid with liver metastasis. 616 67

Fourteen patients with advanced renal carcinoma were treated with Adriamycin 40 mg/m2 I.V., bleomycin 15 U/m2 I.V., vincristine 2 mg I.V., cyclophosphamide 200 mg/m2 p.o. x 4 days, and BCG by scarification every 4 weeks. Of 13 evaluable patients, three (23%) achieved partial remissions on therapy, five (39%) were improved, and three were stable. Responding disease sites included lung and pleural metastases, and an abdominal mass. Median duration of response was 4 months. Median survival was 8.5 months, but the partial responders survived for 13, 17, and 19 months. Toxicity included nausea and vomiting (31%), leukopenia (8%), thrombocytopenia (8%), diarrhea (15%), alopecia (8%), stomatitis (8%), and paresthesias (8%). This well-tolerated stomatitis (8%), and paresthesias (8%). This well-tolerated chemoimmunotherapy regimen has moderate activity in renal carcinoma and deserves further evaluation.
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PMID:Combination chemoimmunotherapy for advanced renal carcinoma with Adriamycin, bleomycin, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, plus BCG. 616 7

23 patients with recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (SCCHN) were treated with a combination of cisplatin 120 mg/m2 and adriamycin 60 mg/m2, both administered by I.V. infusion over 4 hours and 15 minutes, respectively, at day 1. The courses were repeated at 3-weeks interval. Hydration and diuresis forced via mannitol were much lower than usual with such high doses of cisplatin. All patients were intensively pretreated by surgery and/or radiotherapy, further local treatment being impossible; all had loco-regional recurrence, 2 distant metastases additionally. 21/23 patients could be evaluated, 6/21 objective responses (2 CR, 4 PR, RR = 28,5%) were seen, in 7/21 patients a minor response was obtained. Objective toxicity, especially nephrotoxicity, was mild, the major effect being short-lasting severe nausea and vomiting. The results obtained with this regimen are comparable to data obtained by other chemotherapy programmes. However, in our opinion at the moment the subjective toxicity seems too severe to recommend this regime for palliative treatment of recurrent SCCHN. Possibly the cisplatin-induced vomiting can be avoided or at least diminished by high doses of metoclopramid.
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PMID:[Palliative chemotherapy of recurring squamous cell carcinomas of the ENT field with the combination cis-diamminodichloroplatinum (II)/adriamycin]. 618 46

Recent reports have documented that five year survivals have not really improved as a result of combined therapy programs utilizing surgery and radiation therapy. The pattern of treatment failure seems to have changed in that such combined programs offer improved local and regional control but only to have patients develop distant metastases. The need for some form of systemic treatment was obvious. In 1977, a pilot study was initiated at the Ohio State University to evaluate a particular four drug combination and its effectiveness against squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. The initial results revealed an acceptable risk-benefit ratio to evaluate this regimen in a group of patients who had previously received no treatment. This report details the final results of the pilot study designed to evaluate response rates in previously untreated locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, oropharynx, and hypopharynx. During the 15 month duration of this study there were 58 patients who were evaluable. The overall response to a combination of cis-platinum, vincrinstine, methotrexate, and bleomycin was 66%. All toxicities occurred in less than 10% of the patients except for nausea and vomiting, which occurred to a mild to moderate degree in three quarters of the patient population. There was no increase in surgical or radiotherapeutic complications as a result of utilizing initial chemotherapy. This four-drug combination is now being evaluated to test its impact on survival as a Southwest Oncology Group study.
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PMID:Preoperative reductive chemotherapy for locally advanced carcinoma of the oral cavity, oropharynx, and hypopharynx. 618 94

This study was designed as a Phase II clinical trial in advanced recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix with a combination of bleomycin (B: 10 u/m2/d) and cisplatin (P: 20 mg/m2/d) administered for five consecutive days in intravenous infusion for 7 hours and vincristine (V: 1 mg/m2) and methotrexate (M: 40 mg/m2) administered only on day one of each cycle which was repeated every 28 days up to a maximum of 6 times. Over a period of 2 years, 15 evaluable patients with measurable disease received at least 3 courses of therapy. Six had recurrent disease and nine had distant metastases. All had previous radiation therapy. There were two dropouts after the first course due to nausea and vomiting which was practically universal. Other side effects included: mild paresthesias of the extremities (89%), stomatitis (41%), diarrhea (17%), moderate pancytopenia and hypomagnesemia which was reduced from 65% to 17% when magnesium sulfate 10% was administered with cisplatin. Sixty-six percent of the evaluable patients achieved remission (7 partial and 3 complete) usually before the fourth course of therapy. The disease-free interval was of 29.7 +/- 15 weeks in all responders (40.6 +/- 15.5 weeks in complete responders). The mean survival from the start of BPVM therapy was of 55.8 +/- 33.3 weeks in responders and of only 14 +/- 2.9 weeks in nonresponders (P less than 0.01). It is concluded that BPVM is an effective combination chemotherapy in advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. These results should be confirmed in a Phase III trial.
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PMID:Effective chemotherapy for advanced carcinoma of the cervix with bleomycin, cisplatin, vincristine, and methotrexate. 619 75

42 patients with advanced stage III and IV squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck were treated with initial cisplatin and bleomycin chemotherapy and subsequent radiotherapy. 39 were evaluable for results, and 3 for toxicity only. 8 patients suffered from stage III and 31 from stage IV tumors, of these 10 with distant metastases. 5 patients underwent later a rescue operation. 27 were previously untreated (= group A) including 2 cases with localized relapses beyond the margins of surgical and/or radiotherapeutic treatment fields. 12 patients had a recurrence within pretreated areas (= group B). The induction chemotherapy alone showed the following results: In group A 4 (15%) CR, 10 (37%) PR, 7 (26%) MR; in group B 3 (25%) PR, 2 (17%) MR. The subsequent radiotherapy mostly consisted of a 65 Gy tumor dose given in 61/2 weeks. The results after completion of the combined modality therapy were: In group A 44% CR, 28% PR; in group B 10% CR and 30% PR. No patient resistant to the initial chemotherapy responded to the radiotherapy. The median survival time of stage III patients was 20 months but only 7 months in stage IV patients. 4 of all live with NED now between 30+ and 41+ months; 1 patient is alive with relapse. All the others are dead after a survival time of max. 32 months, included the 5 with rescue operation. In general, hematologic and renal toxicities were not severe, but nausea and vomiting were the worst tolerated side effects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Chemotherapy with cisplatin-bleomycin and subsequent radiotherapy in advanced head and neck tumors]. 619 53

Mayo clinic and georgetown university carried out a cooperative phase II study of chlorozotocin in measurable advanced large bowel carcinoma. Of 78 evaluable patients randomized, 39 received low-dose (120 mg/m2 if previously untreated, 100 mg/m2 if previously treated) and 39 high-dose (200 mg/m2 if previously untreated, 175 mg/m2 if previously treated) chlorozotocin intravenously at 6-week intervals. Both groups were comparable in regard to age, prior treatment, treating institution, site of metastases, and performance scores. Overall response rate was 8%, including 5% in low-dose patients and 10% in high-dose patients. Toxicity was mild to moderate, with gastrointestinal toxicity substantially, and hematologic toxicity somewhat less, than seen with other nitrosoureas. Time to progression and survival showed no significant difference between patients treated on the low- and high-dose schedules. As chlorozotocin produced less nausea and vomiting than other nitrosoureas, even in the high-dose regimen, it should be considered for evaluation in neoplasms where nitrosoureas have shown more activity than in colorectal carcinoma.
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PMID:A phase II study of chlorozotocin in advanced large bowel carcinoma. A cooperative study between two institutions. 623 38

Among 137 patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung (SCCL) treated on two consecutive protocols, leptomeningeal metastases were documented in 12 patients (9%), 10 antemortem by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology, one by myelogram, and one only at necropsy. Signs and symptoms included confusion in seven, limb weakness in six, paresthesias in three, headache in two, urinary incontinence in two, and nausea and vomiting, diplopia and neck pain in one patient each. Nine of the 12 patients had evidence of other metastases while three patients relapsed first in the CSF and one had disease only in the leptomeninges. Treatment for this complication including irradiation, intrathecal chemotherapy, or systemic chemotherapy was generally ineffective with a median duration of survival of 50 days (range 5 to 130) after diagnosis of leptomeningeal. Necropsies showed thick tumor deposits along cord, distal nerve roots, cauda equina, and in Virchow--Robbins spaces with deep invasion into adjacent neural substance in six of the seven. Leptomeningeal involvement appears to have become manifest as median survival has increased. CSF cytology should therefore be examined in patients who develop unusual neurological findings during the course of this disease and methods of prevention may need to be considered in future studies.
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PMID:Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis in small cell carcinoma of the lung. 625 38

A randomized, prospective trial of adjuvant chemoimmunotherapy was compared in a group of 136 patients with melanoma after complete surgical resection of advanced regional metastasis (stage III) or isolated distant metastasis (stage IV). All patients received a 2-year course of nonspecific adjuvant immunotherapy of subcutaneous injections of Corynebacterium parvum (4 mg/m2 divided among the four extremities in 1- to 2-week cycles). Half of the patients also received a 6-month course of dimethyl triazeno imidazole carboxamide (DTIC) plus cyclophosphamide chemotherapy (each at 600 mg/m2 administered intravenously every 3 weeks for nine cycles) while the other half received no chemotherapy. Analysis of the data showed that adjuvant chemotherapy did not provide any demonstrable therapeutic effect, either in terms of disease-free survival or overall survival. No benefit was observed in subgroups of patients categorized by disease stage, site of metastasis, or sex. The drugs did cause a substantial rate of morbidity, however, since 42% of the patients had severe nausea and vomiting, while 13% had hair loss. The C. parvum was well tolerated in almost all patients. This is a particularly high-risk group for subsequent metastases since only 24% of the patients were free of disease for 1 year and 12% after 2 years. Adjuvant DTIC and cyclophosphamide had no observable therapeutic effect on this population of high-risk patients with melanoma.
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PMID:Ineffectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy using DTIC and cyclophosphamide in patients with resectable metastatic melanoma. 636 94


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