Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Evaluation of alterations in the level of the five major electrophoretic fractions of serum proteins (albumin, alpha 1-, alpha 2-, beta- and gamma-globulin) in 18 patients with prostatic cancer prior to and following cryoprostatectomy disclosed: (i) a progressive increase in the level of alpha 2- and beta-globulin and the incidence of patients possessing statistically significant (p less than 0.05) elevations in these proteins with a progression of the stage of their malignancy; (ii) a significant decrease in albumin, alpha 2- and beta-globulin and increase in alpha 1- and gamma-globulin from their preoperative levels following cryoprostatectomy in patients with metastatic disease (stage III) in association with a favorable clinical response; (iii) an overall significant decrease in albumin and alpha 2-globulin and increase in alpha 1-globulin from their preoperative levels and (iv) a general association of decreases in albumin (83% of the patients) and alpha 2-globulin (92%) and gamma-globulin (75%) with a favorable clinical response following cryoprostatectomy. Limited to study of a small patient population, the present results confirm earlier studies suggestive of a prognostic potential for alpha 2-globulin, as applied to stage identification in prostatic cancer once the initial diagnosis has been made. Pending confirmation and evaluation of a larger patient population, the observed alterations in serum protein, while not pathognomonic for prostatic cancer, and alterations of inhibitory ('immunoregulatory') factors, may provide adjunctive criteria for monitoring the clinical response following cryoprostatectomy.
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PMID:Serum proteins in prostatic cancer. IV. Alterations and clinical response following cryoprostatectomy. 9 Dec 52

Factors influencing the prognosis in gastric cancer treated by curative resection include lymph node metastasis and the extent of invasion of the gastric wall. Lymph node metastasis can be removed surgically, but the extent of invasion is not amenable to external measures. Of these two factors, the extent of wall invasion has the greatest influence on prognosis in cases undergoing curative resection. With lymph node removal of equal extent the prognosis worsens in proportion to the depth of invasion. Further, lymph node metastasis increases with increasing depth of invasion. Metastasis was seen in Group 2 and 3 nodes in more than 60% of cancer with invasion beyond the Tunica muscularis propria (pm), indicating that wide lymph node removal is essential in cancers with deep invasion of the wall. The effects of extended radical operation on the host as illustrated by the indices of total serum protein and albumin levels were no different from those of less extensive resections. It was confirmed that extensive radical resection did not delay postoperative recovery.
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PMID:Surgical treatment of gastric cancer with special reference to lymph node removal. 14 6

The passage from blood to peripheral lymph of 131I-labeled human serum albumin has been studied in 6 male patients (30-70 years) with malignancies without metastases. On the first day the concentration of radio-labeled albumin in the blood was kept almost constant by repeated i.v. injections. Lymph was collected continuously from a cannulated subcutaneous lymph vessel on the leg. Two hours after the first i.v. injection of radiolabeled albumin the lymph contained significant amounts of radioactivity in all patients. Equilibrium between radioactivity in blood and lymph was reached after 26 hrs. This indicates a long "wash out time" of unlabeled protein in the interstitial tissue from where lymph has been sampled.
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PMID:Time of exchange of 131I-labeled albumin between plasma and peripheral lymph in man. 49 41

We evaluated assays of Tissue Polypeptide Antigen in serum and urine, as an index to the presence of cancer. In the assay, serum, which is first absorbed with human albumin-labeled sheep erythrocytes, or untreated urine (diluted with an equal volume of TPA-free serum) is incubated with antibody specific to Tissue Polypeptide Antigen and then reacted with sheep erythrocytes labeled with Tissue Polypeptide Antigen. We found an increased concentration of Tissue Polypeptide Antigen in the serum of 378 of 513 (74%) and in the urine of 49 of 77 (64%) patients with cancer, as compared with 40/112 (36%) and 7/29 (24%), respectively, for individuals with benign neoplasms. Normal individuals were defined as those with less than 0.09 unit of the antigen per milliliter of specimen. Concentrations exceeding this were found in 2/67 (3%) sera and 6/56 (11%) urines from supposedly normal persons. Tissue Polypeptide Antigen was found in above-normal concentrations in patients with cancer, regardless of neoplasm type and extension, with a higher proportion of abnormal values in patients with distal metastases.
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PMID:A preliminary evaluation of tissue polypeptide antigen in serum or urine (or both) of patients with cancer or benign neoplasms. 65 73

Heat-induced inhibition of erythrocyte sedimentation (HIES) was examined in 158 cases. HIES is significantly lower in patients with a liver cell damage isolated or due to metastases of a neoplastic process in comparison to that in patients suffering from inflammation or malign tumor not involving the liver. Generally, HIES depends upon the concentration of lysophosphatidyl choline (lysolecithin) which is set free in plasma by lecithin-cholesterol-acyltransferase (LCAT) during incubation. In patients with lever cell damage, LCAT is diminished. HIES is being influenced by several factors: Lysophosphatidyl choline is bound to albumin, and this prevents its reaction on the erythrocyte surface. Lysophospholipase reduces the concentration of lysophosphatidyl choline in the plasma by splitting off its fatty acid in the alpha-position. Specific serum proteins, the so-called agglomerines, which are responsible for the acceleration of erythrocyte sedimentation, are counteracting the HIES. The concentration of albumin and agglomerines in plasma and the activity of lysophospholipase are subject to physiologically and pathologically caused deviations. Thereby, HIES is being influenced individually at varying degrees. This makes it difficult to estimate the LCAT activity which represents the principal cause of HIES. As a consequence, HIES seems not to be suitable for clinical diagnostics.
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PMID:[Diagnostic significance of heat-induced inhibition of erythrocyte sedimentation (author's transl)]. 71 17

A prospective study has been conducted to determine the clinical importance of lung scintigraphy in the work-up of patients thought to have bronchial carcinoma (i.e., accuracy of the scintigraphic diagnosis, data concerning spread of the primary tumor [=T] as well as the possibility of metastases to the lung hilus and mediastinum [=N]). Ninety-four patients, all of whom were hospitalized for suspected bronchial carcinoma, were examined by 133Xenon i.v., 133Xenon gas inhalation,, and 99mTc-MAA i.v. (macroaggregated albumin or microspheres of human albumin). The suspicion was confirmed in 77 patients. Central and peripheral bronchial carcinomas were kept separate in the evaluation. A normal lung scintigram practically rules out a central bronchial carcinoma. Where the scintigraphic finding prompts suspicion of central bronchial carcinoma, this suspicion must be confirmed by other examinations and preferably those which cytologically and histologically directly demonstrate the tumor. The diagnostic reliability of lung scintigraphy is drastically reduced in patients with bilateral ventilation disturbances. Because of its 27% rate of false negative findings, bronchoscopy is a less suitable means of ruling out bronchial carcinoma than scintigraphy. The peripheral bronchial carcinoma displays no characteristic scintigraphic signs; thus, a normal scintigram does not rule out peripheral bronchial carcinoma. Bronchoscopy was negative in all these patients. Spread of the primary tumor was exactly predicted with bronchoscopy in 11% and with scintigraphy in 42% of cases. When the scintigraphic criteria for hilar or mediastinal involvement are ful filled, it is practically certain that the patient is no longer radically operable. This assertion is valid when mediastinoscopy is normal. Lung scintigraphy possesses the same accuracy in the diagnosis of mediastinal involvement both with peripheral lung tumors and with centrally located tumors.
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PMID:[The value of lung scintigraphy in the staging of bronchial carcinoma. Prospective study for the determination of TN stages]. 125 Nov 66

To decrease the toxicity of hepatic arterial fluorodeoxyuridine (FUDR) administered through an Infusaid pump (Shiley Infusaid, Inc., Norwood, MA), 50 patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer were selected randomly to receive FUDR, 0.3 mg/kg/d, for 14 of 28 days, with or without a total dose of 20 mg of hepatic arterial dexamethasone for 14 of 28 days. Patients were stratified according to the percentage of liver involvement by tumor and the perfusion pattern on macroaggrated albumin perfusion scan (MAA) scan. There was a trend toward decreased frequency of bilirubin levels in the group receiving dexamethasone plus FUDR versus the group receiving FUDR alone (9% and 30%, respectively, had a 200% or greater increase from baseline; P = 0.07). Patients in the group treated with dexamethasone and FUDR received higher doses of FUDR in the second, third, fifth, and sixth months than those receiving FUDR alone; however, this was statistically significant only in the fifth month (percentages of planned dose received: 42% and 19%, respectively; P = 0.05), and there was no overall difference for the total 6-month period. The complete and partial response rates were increased in patients receiving dexamethasone and FUDR versus FUDR alone (8% and 63% versus 4% and 36%, respectively; P = 0.03), and there was a trend toward increased survival with the addition of dexamethasone (median, 23 months and 15 months, respectively; P = 0.06). In conclusion, the use of hepatic arterial dexamethasone is associated with an increased response rate and a trend toward increased survival and decreased bilirubin levels. Therefore, the authors recommend additional investigation of the use of dexamethasone with chemotherapy to treat hepatic metastases.
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PMID:A randomized trial of intrahepatic infusion of fluorodeoxyuridine with dexamethasone versus fluorodeoxyuridine alone in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. 843 72

The serum levels of CA 195 were determined in 52 patients with histologically proven pancreatic carcinoma and compared with carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA), serum bilirubin and albumin. CA 195 levels were raised above the upper limit of 20 U/ml in 42 cases, giving a sensitivity of 80% for the detection of pancreatic carcinoma, whereas CEA was raised in only 55%. The levels of CA 195 and CEA were significantly higher in patients with metastatic disease, but potentially curable cases were not discriminated. Bilirubin and albumin levels were not significantly related to either the presence of metastases or the levels of the tumour markers. At the time of initial presentation, levels of both tumour markers correlated with the eventual duration of survival, but bilirubin and albumin did not. Significant increases in CEA and CA 195 were found in sequential blood samples, as the disease progressed. Neither CA 195 nor CEA was of sufficient sensitivity to be of value for screening, but both give an indication of the presence of metastases and of the subsequent duration of survival. CA 195 appeared to be more sensitive and might help to assess progress of the disease.
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PMID:The prognostic value of the tumour markers CA 195 and CEA in patients with adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. 142 3

The effect of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) on the interaction between tumor cells and mesothelial cell layers was studied from the aspect of changes in mesothelial permeability. Mesothelial permeability was assessed as the percentage diffusion of radiolabeled albumin across the mesothelial cell sheets on Matrigel-coated filter cup assemblies. When lined gastric carcinoma cells (KATO-III) were seeded on the confluent mesothelial cell layers, the fine cobblestone appearance of the cell sheet was disrupted and mesothelial permeability significantly increased. The increase in permeability was suppressed by the addition of as little as 1 U/ml of IFN-gamma. The effect of IFN-gamma was observed when either the conditioned medium of tumor cells alone or the IFN-gamma-resistant tumor cells, K-562, was placed onto the mesothelium. The cobblestone appearance of the cell sheet was relatively well preserved in the presence of IFN-gamma. In contrast, IFN-alpha did not suppress tumor-induced mesothelial permeability. These results suggest that IFN-gamma has the potential to protect the human mesothelial cell layers against tumor cells.
Clin Exp Metastasis 1992 Nov
PMID:Suppression by interferon-gamma of tumor cell-induced increase in mesothelial permeability. 145 47

Owing to improved systemic control of widespread malignancy, neurological complications have become a major outcome factor and determinant of life quality in oncological patients. While solitary cerebrospinal metastases are often amenable to surgical and radiological treatment, the management of diffuse leptomeningeal neoplasia, mostly using combined radiochemotherapy, is still very difficult. Immunomodulative approaches represent a therapeutic alternative with increasing potential. We have analysed the natural immune response to leptomeningeal tumor invasion in 43 Patients by assessing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of albumin, IgG, IgM, interleukins (IL) 1, 2, 4 and 6, soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R), interferon gamma (IFN gamma), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), and the tumor markers, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and alphafetoprotein (AFP). In most patients, either elevated IgG index, IgM index, CSF IL-6, or detection of CSF oligoclonal immunoglobulin bands indicated a host reaction against tumor cells. IL-1, IL-2, and IL-4 were never detected in CSF or serum. sIL-2R and IFN gamma were rarely detected and were not associated with specific malignancies. CSF TNF alpha was only detected in melanoma patients and may be a specific indicator of that neoplasm. No correlation was found between levels of the tumor markers, CEA and AFP, and parameters of the immune response such as IgG, IgM or IL-6. The demonstration of intrathecal immune activation in a majority of patients with leptomeningeal neoplasia may offer a new option for immunomodulative oncological therapy.
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PMID:[Intrathecal immune response in meningeosis neoplastica: IgG, IgM, oligoclonal bands and cytokines]. 159 86


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