Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tumour associated monoclonal antibodies HMFG1, HMFG2, H17E2, AUA1, EGFR1, labelled with 123-Iodine or 111-Indium, were used to detect primary and metastatic cancer by external body scintigraphy in patients with ovarian, breast and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCC). Successful localisation was seen in all patients with primary and 80% of the metastatic NSCC, 50% of primary and 70% of metastatic breast cancer lesions and in 80% of patients with metastatic ovarian cancer. On the other hand, imaging carried with a radiolabelled non-specific monoclonal antibody produced positive results in 3 out of 5 cases with primary NSCC. Therefore non-specific imaging should be further studied in clinical research for the evaluation of the specificity of radioimmunodetection. In our therapeutic trials we have so far treated 29 patients with resistant ovarian cancer, with intraperitoneal 131I-labelled antibodies (HMFG1, HMFG2, AUA1, H17E2), 11 patients with recurrent pleural and pericardial effusions by intracavitary 131I-labelled antibodies, 10 patients with brain gliomas by intravenous or intracarotid infusion of 131I-EGFR1 and two patients with hepatic metastases from colon carcinoma by intrahepatic infusion of 131I-anti-CEA antibodies. The preliminary results from these therapeutic studies seem to be encouraging and are discussed in detail in this review.
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PMID:Radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies in tumour diagnosis and therapy. 240 91

A murine monoclonal antibody that reacts with human colonic cancer (250-30.6) was labeled with radioactive iodine (131I) and the antibody was injected intravenously into 15 patients with known metastases originating from carcinoma of the colon (10 cases), malignant melanoma (1), breast (1), pancreas (1), hepatocellular carcinoma (1), and adenocarcinoma of unknown origin (1). Of the patients with metastatic colon carcinoma, there were 19 known deposits as judged by the techniques of clinical examination, x-rays, and scans obtained using sulpha-colloid. Of these 19 deposits, 17 (90%) were found using the 131I-labeled monoclonal antibody. In one case, the primary tumor, previously undiagnosed, was found. In only 1 of the 10 patients was tumor not found and this was due to the subsequent finding that the undifferentiated tumor did not react with antibody. Of the five patients who did not have carcinoma of the colon, three had negative scans, but two were positive. Thus, the technique of immunoscintography can readily detect both primary and metastatic tumors.
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PMID:Visualization of metastases from colon carcinoma using an iodine 131-radiolabeled monoclonal antibody. 241 93

To determine the potential antigenic heterogeneity which might exist between a primary colon carcinoma lesion and its metastases, we stained the formalin and Zenker's fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from the resection specimens of 12 patients with Duke's Stage C adenocarcinoma of the colon with monoclonal antibody (MAb) B72.3. This MAb previously has been shown to react with a high molecular weight tumor-associated glycoprotein (termed TAG-72), which is selectively expressed in adenocarcinomas versus normal adult tissue. Five to 90% of malignant cells from all primary lesions stained with MAb B72.3 in paraffin-embedded tissue. A significantly diminished percentage of cells stained from the metastases in lymph nodes and distant sites. Pearson correlation coefficients showed that the antigenic expression of the metastasis in the lymph node was a better indicator of the antigenic expression of the metastasis in the distal site than was the primary lesion in the colon. These findings suggest that the effective use of monoclonal antibodies for diagnostic imaging or therapeutic purposes may require the evaluation of the antigenic expression in regional node metastases rather than that of the primary lesion.
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PMID:Phenotypic heterogeneity of a tumor-associated antigen in adenocarcinomas of the colon and their metastases as demonstrated by monoclonal antibody B72.3. 243 5

We have established a colon cancer-prone substrain in WF strain rats strictly bred by sister x brother mating for more than 20 years. Colon carcinomas were located only in the ascending colon with no remote metastases. Each incidence of colon carcinoma varied from 30 to 40% in the respective investigation. There was no apparent sex difference. Approximately 9% of colon carcinomas were associated with gastric carcinoma in the prepyloric region and they died within four months of age due to malnutrition and intestinal bleeding. There were a few cases of carcinomas of the terminal ileum and the rectum. All of these carcinomas from three different portions showed histologically well differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma. It was found that about 40% of colon carcinomas showed spontaneous regression in the period from four to twelve months old. We have also succeeded in establishing two lines of the transplantable colon carcinoma (C1 and C2) and the transplantable gastric carcinoma (S1 and S3) from those of spontaneous colon carcinomas and gastric carcinomas. Then recipient female rats inoculated intraperitoneally with these transplantable carcinomas newly developed adenocarcinomas of the corpus uteri, which had never been found in the rats of this strain. In addition, the transplantable tumor line of adenocarcinoma of the corpus uteri was also established (U2). When transplanted these tumors intraperitoneally (S1, S3, C1, C2 and U2), male and female recipient rats extremely increased in the incidence of carcinomas of the stomach and the colon. As far as female recipient rats were concerned, a large number of carcinomas of the corpus uteri were also found regardless of the derivation of tumors. We believe that the established colon cancer-prone rat strain (WF-Osaka) as well as those of transplantable tumor lines will open a further research fields and will be available as an animal model of colon cancer for human beings.
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PMID:A study on colon cancer-prone rats of WF-Osaka strain. 248 90

This paper discusses the clinicopathological characteristics of colonic carcinomas arising from right side colon. Out of 214 cases of resected colonic carcinomas during the past 13 years, 36 cases of a right side colon carcinoma (in the cecum, in the ascending colon, or in the hepatic flexure) were encountered. Several characteristics have been associated with this type of cancer. They are as follows: 1) in half of these cases an abdominal pain but no anal bleeding, as has been noted in carcinomas of the sigmoid or rectum; 2) in histological type, poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas or mucinous carcinomas in 30.5% of these 36 cases, and associated with a far distant nodal involvement (n3, n4) in advanced carcinomas; and 3) although there was no difference in the 5-year survival rate between a right side colon carcinoma or a colon carcinoma at another site, the prognosis for those given a curative resection for a right side colon carcinoma was poor--only 22% due to hepatic metastases, indicating that colonic carcinomas of the right side has a poor prognosis due to the subsequent risk of highly potential malignancies.
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PMID:[A clinicopathological study on colonic carcinomas arising from right side colon]. 255 8

Hematogenous metastasis requires the arrest and extravasation of blood-borne tumor cells, possibly involving direct adhesive interactions with vascular endothelium. Cytokine activation of cultured human endothelium increases adhesion of melanoma and carcinoma cell lines. An inducible 110-kD endothelial cell surface glycoprotein, designated INCAM-110, appears to mediate adhesion of melanoma cells. In addition, an inducible endothelial receptor for neutrophils, ELAM-1, supports the adhesion of a human colon carcinoma cell line. Thus, activation of vascular endothelium in vivo that results in increased expression of INCAM-110 and ELAM-1 may promote tumor cell adhesion and affect the incidence and distribution of metastases.
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PMID:An inducible endothelial cell surface glycoprotein mediates melanoma adhesion. 258 7

Thirty patients with Dukes stage D colon carcinoma who had undergone operative removal of the primary tumor and had growing hepatic metastases each received four intradermal injections of 0.5-4 mg of alum-precipitated goat anti-idiotypic antibodies (anti-Id). The anti-Id had been produced against murine monoclonal antibody (mAb) CO17-1A, which defines a human colon carcinoma associated antigen. All patients elaborated anti-anti-Id that shared idiotopes with mAb CO17-1A, bound to tumor cells and isolated tumor antigen, and competed with the mAb for binding to tumor cells. The clinical response was monitored by ultrasonography, CT, radionuclide scanning, and serum marker assays. Six patients had partial tumor responses; five of these had received additional booster anti-Id injections along with chemotherapy. Seven patients had stabilized tumor; six had received additional anti-Id, with chemotherapy also in four. Conclusions about the clinical role of such immunization await further study, but in demonstrating a specific response to anti-Id, our results support the use of this approach in human immunotherapy against tumors or pathogens.
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PMID:Modulation of cancer patients' immune responses by administration of anti-idiotypic antibodies. 261 Aug 26

Investigation of the pathogenesis of human colorectal carcinoma metastasis can be rendered experimentally possible by suitable human cell biological model systems. The purpose of these studies was to establish xenografts in nude mice from human colon carcinoma and from its metastasis in the same patient as an appropriate model. Surgically removed biopsy specimens from a colon adenocarcinoma (grade 3) and its local relapse two years later with metastases in the small intestine were established as xenotransplants and their growth characteristics examined. Both tissue types shared common characteristics with respect to marker expression (carcinoembryonic antigen, neuron-specific enolase, cytokeratin). The primary tumor showed remarkable development of necrotic effusion with cytotoxic activity that ceased after several passages. The profile of endogenous carbohydrate-binding proteins (lectins), the receptors for cellular glycoconjugates in a recognitive protein-carbohydrate interplay with potential relevance to metastases formation, revealed differences between these two human tumor samples of identical origin, especially with respect to beta-galactoside-specific receptors. This glycobiochemical analysis employed standardized procedures. Prolonged passaging was also shown to result in profile alterations, as was similarly noted in comparison to another species. These studies may encourage the application of systems of primary tumor and its metastases in the same patient in attempts to correlate the expression of cellular characteristics with the biological and clinical behavior of human colonic tumor cells.
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PMID:Xenografts from a human colon carcinoma and its metastases: establishment, characterization and differences in the pattern of carbohydrate-binding proteins. 275 Dec 54

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the degree of anchorage-independent growth of human tumor cells in increasing concentrations of agarose correlated with the capacity of the cells to produce experimental metastases in nude mice. Human melanoma, breast carcinoma, and colon carcinoma cells from parental lines and variants selected in vivo for metastasis and in vitro cloned lines were plated into medium containing 0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9%, or 1.2% of agarose. These cells were also injected into nude mice: intravenously for melanoma, into the mammary fat pad for breast carcinoma, and into the spleen for colon carcinoma. Production of tumor cell colonies in dense agarose (greater than 0.6%) correlated with production of experimental metastases in the lung (melanoma, breast carcinoma) or liver (colon carcinoma). We conclude that the degree of anchorage-independent growth of tumor cells can predict their biological behavior and metastatic potential in vivo. Thus, this technique may be useful for the isolation of metastatic cells from heterogeneous human neoplasms.
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PMID:Correlation of growth capacity of human tumor cells in hard agarose with their in vivo proliferative capacity at specific metastatic sites. 277 27

Hemorrhage is a recognized occurrence in hepatocellular carcinoma but is infrequently seen with tumors metastatic to the liver. This complication was observed in three patients with primary hepatic malignancy and in four patients with hepatic metastases (melanoma, two; colon, one; breast, one) who were studied by CT. Hemorrhage occurred in the patient with metastatic colon carcinoma in the setting of anticoagulation. Definitive radiographic signs of hemorrhage were detected by CT in six of the patients, including hyperdense hepatic masses on noncontrast scans (four patients), high density peritoneal (one patient) and subcapsular fluid (one patient), and the hematocrit effect in peritoneal fluid (one patient). In three patients an irregular liver border adjacent to perihepatic fluid suggested the liver as the organ from which bleeding originated. There were four deaths, none of which was immediately related to the hemorrhagic complication.
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PMID:CT features of hemorrhagic malignant liver tumors. 282 Oct 89


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