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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Single case reports of multicentric glioblastoma multiforme and multifocal glioblastoma multiforme tumours are presented. Multicentric glioblastoma multiforme tumours are those which have no macroscopic or microscopic connection. Multifocal gliomatous tumours, on the other hand, are those with either gross or microsopic continuity or evidence of cerebral spinal fluid spread and/or local metastases. The cerebral scintigram findings, cerebral angiogram studies and pathological description of these entities are presented. These lesions may be mistaken for metastases. In patients with multiple cerebral lesions multiple primary malignancies of brain should be considered when there is no clinical or radiographical evidence for extracranial primary neoplasms.
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PMID:Multicentric and isolated multifocal glioblastoma multiforme simulating metastatic disease. 16 33

A 63-year-old man was found to have an intracerebral glioblastoma multiforme and preoperative roentgenographic evidence of a mass in the middle lobe of the right lung. Because of the rarity of extraneural metastases from glioblastoma, especially in the absence of prior surgery, the lesions were considered to be separate neoplasms until death. The histologic appearance of the lung tumor obtained at autopsy was identical to the cerebral tumor. Additional metastases were found to bronchial lymph nodes and a lumbar vertebra. This case demonstrates that a glioblastoma can spontaneously metastasize extraneurally. Invasion of the glioblastoma into the lumen of a blood vessel was demonstrated within the primary tumor. Embolization of cells to the lung and beyond is the suspected mode of spread.
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PMID:Glioblastoma multiforme with extraneural metastases in the absence of previous surgery. 17 71

Radiation therapy plays an important role as an adjunctive treatment modality with surgery and/or chemotherapy in a number of primary and secondary CNS neoplasms, including glioblastoma multiforme, lower grade gliomas, brainstem tumors, medulloblastoma, ependymoma, most pituitary and parapituitary tumors, brain metastases, and epidural spinal cord metastases; it also has an important function in the total management of childhood leukemia. Radiation therapy can also be extremely effective as the primary or sole treatment of pituitary adenomas, craniopharyngioma, and cerebral and epidural metastases. The relative roles of, and indications for, surgery versus irradiation have been discussed. There is clearly a need for more information regarding the natural history relative response of specific tumors to the various therapeutic modalities available, as well as the most effective and safe ways to combine treatments. To this end, it is mandatory that surgeons, radiotherapists, neurologists, pathologists, and internists begin to intercommunicate more freely and objectively. Hopefully, in areas that continue to be controversial, well-designed clinical trials can begin to furnish the necessary answers. This is particularly relevant as all of the disciplines mentioned are developing newer and hopefully more effective diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities.
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PMID:Role of radiation therapy in the management of neoplasms of the central nervous system. 18 Jul 77

A case of glioblastoma multiforme which metastasized to the pleura and the lymph nodes of the neck is described. The metastases were detected during the life of the patient. The glial nature of the metastases was confirmed by electronmicriscopic demonstration of typical 90-100 angstrom wide glial fibrils occupying the tumor cell cytoplasm. Electronmicroscopy is recommended to prove the astrocytic nature of a metastatic glioblastoma multiforme. A review of the literature of histologically documented extracranial metastases of glioblastoma multiforme reveals an increase in frequency in recent years. Increased efforts at detection and documentation or an increase in occurrence caused by new methods of treatment are the two possible explanations for this trend.
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PMID:Extracranial metastases of glioblastoma multiforme confirmed by electron microscopy. 19 55

Some reports on multiple primary brain tumours have been published. When one or more tumours are found in brain scintigraphy they are often supposed to be metastases. Further investigations may thus be given up, especially if the patient has or has had a malignant tumour in some other part of the body. In this report a case is described where the patient began to have cerebral symptoms two years after she had been operated for breast cancer. In the scintigraphy a tumour was found in both brain hemispheres. The tumours were regarded as metastases. But when the patient died in a geriatric hospital it was recognized from the autopsy that one tumour was a meningioma and the other a glioblastoma multiforme.
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PMID:Two different primary tumours of the brain in a patient with breast cancer. 23 47

Cerebral metastases are the most common intracranial tumors next to the malignant glioblastoma multiforme. The clinical aspects are described in summary with reference to 191 cases. At least 1/3 of the cerebral metastases are already multiple on diagnosis. The daughter tumors most frequently colonize in the cerebrum - in the centroparietal region in particular - and much more seldom in the cerebellum. Bronchial and mammary carcinomata are the most important primary tumors; melanomas and hypernephromas come next in frequency. The primary tumor escapes clinical detection relatively frequently. The first symptoms are most frequently signs of cerebral pressure. Of the local symptoms of cerebral metastases, the hemi-syndrome occupies first place.
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PMID:[Clinical aspects of cerebral metastases (author's transl)]. 80 34

Intracranial hemangiopericytomas are tumors which angiographically and histologically can mimic other vascular intracranial masses. The term angioblastic meningioma has been applied to this tumor and to other vascular tumors. However, hemangiopericytomas have a unique biological behavior and prognosis as they tend to recur or metastasize and are insensitive to radiation. Hence, the importance of their specific recognition is emphasized. This is a report of the roentgenologic and pathologic fidings in five cases of histologically verified intracranial hemangiopericytomas. The angiographic findings common to these tumors include a myriad of tiny irregular feeding vessels springing from a main trunk, an intense fluffy type of stain, lack of early veins, and prolonged tumor circulation time. The major arterial supply is from the internal carotid or vertebral circulation rather than from external (meningeal) vessels. Differentiation from other vascular tumors particularly supratentorial hemangioblastoma, glioblastoma multiforme, as well as from vascular meningothelial meningioma is important from both the angiographic and histologic aspects.
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PMID:Intracranial hemangiopericytomas. Angiography, pathology and differential diagnosis. 121 12

This report describes two autopsy-proven cases of a rare complication of infratentorial glioblastoma multiforme (GBM): metastatic seeding of the peritoneal cavity through ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts. Patient 1 was a 13-year-old boy with a pontine GBM, and Patient 2 was a 9-year-old girl with a thoracolumbar spinal cord GBM. Autopsy of both patients demonstrated leptomeningeal gliomatosis encasing the spinal cord and basal structures of the brain, in addition to peritoneal and omental metastases. The pattern of abdominal metastasis seen in these patients is typical of tumors that directly seed the peritoneal cavity and implicates the VP shunt as the vehicle of extraneural spread. Although a rare occurrence, extraneural metastases should be sought in patients with glioma with VP shunts who demonstrate increased abdominal girth, unexplained weight gain, or persistent abdominal pain.
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PMID:Extraneural metastases of infratentorial glioblastoma multiforme to the peritoneal cavity. 131 85

We have developed an in vivo method of measuring the blood-brain transfer constant (K) of iopamidol and the cerebral plasma volume (Vp) in brain tumors using a clinical X-ray CT scanner. In patient studies, Isovue 300 (iopamidol) was injected at a dosage of 1 ml/kg patient body weight. Serial CT scans of the tumor site and arterial blood samples from a radial artery were taken up to 48 min after injection. The leakage of iopamidol into the brain through the blood-brain barrier was modelled as an exchange process between two compartments, the intravascular plasma space and the tissue interstitial space. Using this model and the concentration measurements in blood plasma and tissue, quantitative estimates of K and Vp in brain tumors were obtained. In addition, distribution of the estimated values of K and Vp in tumors were displayed as false colour functional images overlaid on the conventional CT scan. In a study of twelve patients with anaplastic astrocytoma (n = 3), glioblastoma multiforme (n = 4) or metastases (n = 5) the mean K and Vp values in tumor were found to be 0.0273 +/- 0.0060 ml/min/g and 0.068 +/- 0.11 ml/g respectively. These values were significantly higher than those in grey or white matter in the contralateral 'normal' hemisphere (p less than 0.05). The functional images showed variations in K and Vp within the tumor which were difficult to perceive in the original contrast enhanced CT scans.
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PMID:In vivo CT measurement of blood-brain transfer constant of iopamidol in human brain tumors. 133 51

Temporary implants of high-activity 125iodine sources have been used in the treatment of brain tumors since December 1979 at the University of California, San Francisco. For previously untreated patients who underwent external beam radiation therapy followed by implant boost, median survival from the date of diagnosis was 88 weeks for 34 patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GM) and 157 weeks for 29 patients with nonglioblastoma gliomas (NGM). For recurrent tumors treated with brachytherapy only, median survival from the date of the implant was 54 weeks for 45 patients with GM and 81 weeks for 50 patients with NGM. Finally, in 48 patients with recurrent tumors treated with combined hyperthermia and brachytherapy, median survival from the date of the implant was 46 weeks for 25 patients with GM and 44 weeks for 7 patients with metastases; 18-month survival was 65% for 16 patients with NGM. Brachytherapy appears to be a useful technique for the treatment of selected recurrent brain tumors and selected primary glioblastomas.
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PMID:Brachytherapy of brain tumors. 133 31


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