Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The autopsy findings in a pancreatoblastoma in a 7-year-old Japanese girl is reported. The tumour was in the head and body of the pancreas, and was associated with diffuse carcinomatous peritonitis and hepatic and pulmonary metastases. There was marked elevation (more than 10,000 ng/ml) of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Histopathologically the tumour was composed of solid epithelial elements with fibrous stroma, showing acinar arrangement, squamoid clusters and tubular structures. The epithelial elements contained numerous fine PAS positive granules in the cytoplasm. Immunocytochemical results suggested epithelial differentiation with positivity to alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), keratin, CA19-9, and AFP. No endocrine elements were recognized. Characteristic feature of this tumour are discussed and compared with previous reports.
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PMID:Pancreatoblastoma with marked elevation of serum alpha-fetoprotein. An autopsy case report with immunocytochemical study. 168 89

The two major antiproteases (alpha-1-antitrypsin and alpha-2-macroglobulin) were studied in the serum of cancer patients (273 and 103 subjects, respectively) and in a control group. In cancer patients, the values were stratified by clinical stage (local, loco-regional and metastatic disease). Serum alpha-1-antitrypsin was different in normal people (341 +/- 110.7 mg/dl) than in every cancer group (p less than 0.0005). The behavior of alpha-2-macroglobulin was similar, with significant differences (p less than 0.0005) between normal people (317.6 +/- 105.4 mg/dl) and the cancer groups. Serum alpha-1-antitrypsin was different in local, loco-regional and metastatic disease; however, alpha-2-macroglobulin did not show these differences. In metastatic disease, sensitivity was 96.66% for alpha-1-antitrypsin and 94.79% for alpha-2-macroglobulin.
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PMID:Biological changes in serum antiproteases as related to tumor progression. 245 72

Malignant cells have the ability to invade and metastasize in great part because they secrete proteolytic enzymes. In order to investigate if the abnormal proteinase/antiproteinase balance of cancer bearing patients changes when the malignant tumor is destroyed, we studied 50 patients with invasive carcinoma of the cervix and 33 healthy women as a control group. Patients with cancer were treated with radiation according to the protocols of our hospital. The following serum determinations were performed: plasminogen activators (PA), cathepsin B (CB), antiproteinase alpha-1-antitrypsin (A1AT), trypsin inhibitory capacity (TIC) and antiproteolitic activity ratio (AAR), all of them before and after treatment. Serum proteolytic activity was elevated manyfold in all patients with invasive tumor as well A1AT. The antiproteolytic activity however, was significantly reduced to about 50% of its normal value in the same group of patients. In patients with good response to radiotherapy (tumor necrosis) a great reduction of proteinase activity as well as a recovery to normal of the AAR was observed. Contrary, in those with a poor response after radiation, proteolytic activity remained elevated and AAR diminished. It is concluded that serum PA, CB, A1AT and AAR values can be precise indicators of the presence of malignancy. These tests might be also of help for improving follow-up studies and for better prognostic estimates.
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PMID:[Protease-antiprotease balance in patients with invasive carcinoma of the cervix and uterus before and after radiotherapy]. 278 98

The clinicopathologic features of two cases of dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma (DCS) are presented, in which anaplastic components showed the electron microscopic features of malignant fibrous histiocytoma, as well as immunoreactivity for alpha-1-antitrypsin and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin. Rare cells also displayed S100 protein in high-grade areas of the primary tumors, but a pulmonary metastasis lacked this determinant. These findings could be interpreted as reflecting a retained potential for primitive chondrogenesis in primary DCS, which may be lost in its metastases. In all other respects, this tumor appears to assume the morphological and immunocytochemical attributes of a fibrohistiocytic neoplasm.
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PMID:Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma: an ultrastructural study of two cases, with immunocytochemical correlations. 302 31

The authors investigated alpha-1-antitrypsin and pregnancy associated alpha-2-glycoprotein at diagnosis and follow-up of patients with bronchogenic carcinoma. Both proteins were determined by single radial immunodiffusion according to Mancini in 60 patients with bronchogenic carcinoma, in 31 patients with nontumorous respiratory diseases, and in 10 patients with tumour metastases in the lungs. The statistical significance of differences was evaluated using Student's t-test. None of the determined proteins was found to be a specific and sensitive marker of bronchogenic carcinoma. The concentration of alpha-1-antitrypsin is increasing with the growth of the tumour, and the values of pregnancy associated alpha-2-glycoproteins are decreasing at the same time. Alpha-1-antitrypsin can be used in follow-up after tumour resection, where recurrent increase of its concentration may indicate a relapse of the tumour.
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PMID:[Significance of alpha-1-antitrypsin and alpha-2-pregnancy-associated glycoprotein in the serum of patients with bronchial carcinoma]. 311 84

Metastases from an atypical fibroxanthoma of skin have been reported but are very few in the literature. We had a personal case which, originally localized on the nostril, gave metastases to the cervical regional lymph node with no local recurrence. We examined both the primary and metastatic tumor by conventional histological stains and by immunoperoxidase technique to localize lysozyme, alpha-1-antitrypsin, ferritin and factor VIII antigens. The results show a clear correspondence between the primary and metastatic tumor.
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PMID:Metastatic atypical fibroxanthoma of skin. 330 32

A case of extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma is presented. The tumor occurred in the retroperitoneum and systemic metastases were found at autopsy. The primary and metastatic tumors were soft and strikingly myxoid on gross appearance. Microscopic observation revealed undifferentiated malignant tumor having large amounts of myxoid substance and a small amount of well-differentiated chondrosarcoma element in the primary lesions. The authors obtained an immunohistochemical result that the tumor cells showed positivity for alpha-1-antitrypsin and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin. Regarding S-100 protein, the well-differentiated chondrosarcoma element revealed intense positivity, whereas the poorly differentiated myxoid areas were not positive except for a few tumor cells. This is the first case, to our knowledge, of extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma arising from the retroperitoneum, and immunohistologic findings suggest that alpha-1-antitrypsin and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin may be available markers in poorly differentiated chondrosarcomas showing a negative reaction for S-100 protein.
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PMID:Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma arising from the retroperitoneum. 395 7

The records of 14 children with yolk sac carcinoma were reviewed to determine if the production of specific proteins by the tumor could be used to predict the biologic potential of the neoplasm. Several marker proteins were identified by immunohistochemical staining of tissue specimens. The presence or absence of these proteins (periodic acid, Schiff-positive and diastase-resistant globules, alpha-1-antitrypsin, alpha-fetoprotein, beta-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin and albumin) was of no prognostic significance when survivals free of disease were compared. Six patients underwent retroperitoneal node dissection as part of initial staging (group A), 1 (17 per cent) of whom had retroperitoneal lymphatic metastasis. Eight patients were not subjected to lymphadenectomy initially (group B). Retroperitoneal node dissection did not produce an increase in survival free of disease. Our findings suggest that retroperitoneal node dissection should not be used routinely in all children with yolk sac tumors. Adjunctive chemotherapy has proved extremely effective in salvaging patients in whom metastatic disease develops.
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PMID:Yolk sac carcinoma: an immunohistochemical and clinicopathologic review. 619 21

Among 13 patients with accumulation of alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) globules in periportal hepatocytes, 4 were found to have a pancreatic malignant tumor. Three tumors presented features of well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, the fourth was a poorly differentiated carcinoma displaying a glandular differentiation in its lymph node metastases. AAT immunoreactivity was detected in tumor cells from all 4 cases in either the primary or metastatic site. Two tumors contained Grimelius-positive cells; most of them were also positive for AAT. In addition, AAT immunoreactivity was observed in cells from normal large excretory ducts of the pancreas. AAT-positive tumor cells were negative on staining for other normal plasma (e.g. albumin and fibrinogen) or tissue-associated proteins (e.g. alpha-fetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotrophin). The findings appear to suggest: the pancreas adenocarcinoma as an additional malignant tumor with AAT positivity; a possible malignant proliferation of AAT containing cells in the pancreas ducts; a possible association between AAT accumulation in the liver and pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
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PMID:Presence of alpha-1-antitrypsin in pancreatic carcinoma. Report of four cases in association with hepatic storage of the protease inhibitor. 620 71

Seven cases of ovarian yolk sac tumor (endodermal sinus tumor) with patterns resembling those of hepatocellular carcinoma were encountered in patients 7-43 years of age. Two of the patients had gonadal dysgenesis with a 46XY karyotype. At operation three tumors were confined to the ovary and four were associated with intra-abdominal metastases. Two of the Stage I tumors recurred within one year. The hepatoid pattern was a prominent feature of all the tumors and was exclusive in four of them. In one specimen it merged almost imperceptibly with a polyvesicular vitelline pattern. The hepatoid component of the tumors was characterized by discrete masses, nests and/or broad bands of large polyhedral cells with central nuclei and prominent nucleoli; gland-like spaces, some of which contained mucin, were occasionally evident. Each tumor contained numerous PAS-positive, diastase-resistant intracytoplasmic and extracytoplasmic hyaline bodies. Alpha-fetoprotein and alpha-1-antitrypsin were identified by immunoperoxidase and immunofluorescence techniques in four tumors and albumin in two. Immunoperoxidase stains for chorionic gonadotropin were negative in four cases. Ultrastructural analysis of two specimens disclosed features similar to those of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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PMID:Hepatoid yolk sac tumor of the ovary (endodermal sinus tumor with hepatoid differentiation): a light microscopic, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study of seven cases. 713 31


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