Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Lysozyme, alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin and alpha 1-Antitrypsin were demonstrated by an immunoperoxidase technique (PAP) in malignant cells of adenocarcinomas of the stomach but not of the large intestine. Lymph-node metastases showed identical immunoreactivity to that of the primary tumour. Neoplasms arising from the cardia, the body and the pyloric antrum of the stomach showed different immunostaining reactions. It seems that these differences partly reflect the distribution of lysozyme, alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin and alpha 1-Antitrypsin in the normal gastric mucosa. The usefulness of our findings in the identification of the primary tumour in cases of lymph node metastases of unknown origin, is also discussed.
 ...
PMID:Distribution of lysozyme, alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin and alpha 1-Antitrypsin in adenocarcinomas of the stomach and large intestine. An immunohistochemical study. 681 7

Neoplasms developed in 18 of 98 toads, Bufo regularis, subjected to enforced feeding with bracken fern. They comprise 7 cases of adenocarcinoma in the ileum, 16 cases of hepatomas in the liver and 6 cases of neoplasms in the kidney due to metastases from the hepatomas. The results demonstrate that the Egyptian toad can be considered as an advantageous model for detecting the carcinogenicity of bracken fern, since the lesions occur faster than in other experimental animals.
 ...
PMID:Improvement in detecting the carcinogenicity of bracken fern using an Egyptian toad. 743 54

Neoplasms metastatic to the penis are uncommon. Metastatic lesions from the lung to the penis are rare, with only eight case reports in the world literature. In this report we describe a patient with a single metastatic lesion to the penis and bilateral adrenal metastases from recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the lung.
 ...
PMID:Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung with metastasis to the penis. 759 84

Neoplasms of APUD cell origin are quite variable in their metastatic behavior. Whereas pituitary and parathyroid tumors almost never metastasize, all oat cell lung cancers, malignant melanomas, trabecular carcinomas of the skin and medullary thyroid cancers are capable of dissemination. The metastatic proclivity of individual carcinoids, pancreatic and extrapancreatic islet cell tumors, and paragangliomas is much less predictable. In particular, there are no reliable histological markers of risk for lymphatic or hematogenous dissemination. The behavior of many carcinoids, islet cell carcinomas and paragangliomas is relatively indolent, even when metastatic disease is already present. However, unresectable distant metastases, especially liver involvement, connote a poor prognosis. Mortality is more often related to uncontrolled tumor growth and metastasis than to associated endocrinopathies. Curative or debulking surgical resection should be aggressively pursued as recent data show that worthwhile clinical disease-free survival can be realized in at least some patients.
 ...
PMID:Metastatic proclivities and patterns among APUD cell neoplasms. 790 11

The 72-kDa (MMP-2, gelatinase A) and the 92-kDa (MMP-9, gelatinase B) matrix metalloproteinases have been associated with tumor cell invasion and metastasis. Immunohistological staining of MMP-2 and MMP-9, basal lamina collagen IV and TIMP-2 were performed on frozen sections of 83 invasive breast carcinomas. MMP-2 and MMP-9 were associated with neoplastic cell plasma membrane in 72% of cases and exhibited inter-tumoral variability of staining intensity. MMP-2 and MMP-9 staining was not correlated with presence of metastases at time of diagnosis or with disease outcome. TIMP-2 was detected in the peri-tumoral stroma and was present in 87% of cases. Residual benign breast tissue was negative for TIMP-2 staining. Neoplasms with diffuse TIMP-2 staining (24%) recurred significantly more frequently (75% recurred) than cases with focal (42% recurred) or absent (27% recurred) TIMP-2. Presence of collagen IV was negatively correlated with gelatinase staining. We conclude that up-regulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression in breast tumor cells is reciprocally correlated to collagen IV staining. Clinical outcome, however, is more closely related to the presence of TIMP-2 than the corresponding MMPs. Enhanced TIMP-2 expression, therefore, may denote a stromal response to tumor invasion, indicative of aggressive behavior in a subset of breast carcinomas.
 ...
PMID:Enhanced expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) in the stroma of breast carcinomas correlates with tumor recurrence. 792 38

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a well-established marker for sweat gland differentiation in adnexal neoplasms. In contrast to previous assumptions, CEA does not represent a single oncofetal antigen but comprises a family of homologous glycoproteins, i.e. the classical CEA-180, biliary glycoprotein (BGP), and non-specific crossreacting antigens (NCA). The aim of the study was to evaluate the distribution of the respective glycoproteins of the CEA family in sweat gland neoplasms, as compared to normal sweat glands. A panel of mono-specific antibodies was applied to a total of 83 samples of hyperplastic and cystic alterations of sweat glands, sweat gland neoplasms, and cutaneous metastases of different origin. Within a single group of neoplasms the immunohistochemical profile was rather consistent. Staining for both CEA-180 and NCA-90 indicated ductal differentiation of both eccrine and apocrine glands. Co-expression of CEA-180, NCA-90, and BGP was consistent with differentiation towards the secretory part of eccrine glands or the transitional portion of proximal ducts. Neoplasms with signs of apocrine secretion showed a preferential immunoreactivity for NCA-90 and BGP. In conclusion, a specification of the members of the CEA family may be of some value in the differential diagnosis of adnexal neoplasms, but not in the discrimination of sweat gland carcinoma from metastatic carcinoma.
 ...
PMID:Neoplasms with sweat gland differentiation express various glycoproteins of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family. 872 Sep 80

Meckel's diverticulum is the most common anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract. Neoplasms are extremely rare. We report a case of carcinoid tumor of Meckel's diverticulum in a patient with acute abdominal pain. So far, 111 cases have been reported. Review of the literature reveals that carcinoids are the most common malignant tumors of Meckel's diverticulum. Two thirds of the patients remain asymptomatic. Metastases are seen in 25% at diagnosis. The probability of metastases depends on the size of the primary tumor. Because of the early metastases rate even in small tumors, aggressive surgical management is justified.
 ...
PMID:[Carcinoid tumor in Meckel's diverticulum: case presentation and review of the literature]. 928 35

We report the clinical, histopathologic, immunohistologic, and prognostic findings in 19 patients with cutaneous leiomyosarcoma, eight males and 11 females (mean age, 66 years; age range, 41-93 years). The tumors presented mainly as solitary lesions and were located on the head and neck (eight lesions), trunk (four lesions), upper extremities (three lesions), and lower extremities (four lesions). Histopathologically, two predominant growth patterns were observed: nodular (12 cases) and diffuse (seven cases). Neoplasms with a nodular growth pattern were characterized by high cellularity and prominent nuclear atypia, and they showed conspicuous mitoses, several necrotic cells, and sometimes extensive necrotic areas. By contrast, most cutaneous leiomyosarcomas with a diffuse growth pattern revealed low cellularity, well-differentiated smooth muscle cells, inconspicuous mitotic figures, and few or no necrotic cells. Immunohistologic investigations revealed all cutaneous leiomyosarcomas to express vimentin and smooth muscle actin. Pan-muscle actin (HHF-35) was also expressed in most cases (15 lesions). However, only 12 lesions showed positive staining for desmin. Remarkable was the expression of cytokeratins in five lesions. Clinical follow-up revealed local recurrences in five patients (three cases with nodular pattern and two lesions with a diffuse pattern) after a period ranging from 8 months to 3 years after surgical excision. No distant metastases have been observed in our series. We conclude that cutaneous leiomyosarcoma with a diffuse growth pattern may constitute a pitfall in histopathologic diagnosis because of the presence of only subtle criteria for malignancy. Cutaneous leiomyosarcoma may show different immunophenotypes, thus emphasizing the importance of using a large panel of antibodies (smooth muscle actin, HHF-35, desmin, vimentin, cytokeratins, and S-100 protein) in immunohistologic diagnosis. Cutaneous leiomyosarcoma sometimes reveals local recurrences, but it has negligible potential for distant metastases.
 ...
PMID:Cutaneous leiomyosarcoma. 929 73

Neoplasms of the small bowel are rare lesions that account for less than 5% of all gastrointestinal tumors. Although the differential diagnosis for a small bowel tumor is extensive, various small bowel neoplasms have characteristic features at computed tomography (CT) that may aid in making a diagnosis. Small bowel adenocarcinoma may appear at CT as an annular lesion, a discrete nodular mass, or an ulcerative lesion. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma may appear as a segmental bulky mass that gradually merges into the normal bowel wall. Lymphoma is characteristically associated with marked luminal dilatation. Carcinoid tumor may appear as an ill-defined homogeneous mass that displaces bowel loops. Calcification and desmoplastic reaction in a mesenteric mass suggest the diagnosis of carcinoid tumor. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), both benign and malignant, may be submucosal, subserosal, or intraluminal. The CT appearance of a GIST may include a sharply defined mass with homogeneous attenuation, sometimes with calcification. Lipoma appears at CT as a well-circumscribed, intraluminal homogeneous mass with fat attenuation. Most malignant small bowel tumors are actually metastases that have spread intraperitoneally, hematogenously, or by local extension. Intraperitoneal seeding usually manifests at CT as multiple small nodular metastases along the small bowel serosa, mesentery, and omentum. In patients with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, nonneoplastic lesions may mimic small bowel neoplasms.
 ...
PMID:CT evaluation of small bowel neoplasms: spectrum of disease. 953 85

Seventy-three cases of malignant, atypical, and multicentric granular cell tumors of soft tissue were studied to clarify criteria for malignancy and prognostic factors. Six histologic criteria were assessed: necrosis, spindling, vesicular nuclei with large nucleoli, increased mitotic activity (> 2 mitoses/10 high-power fields at 200x magnification), high nuclear to cytoplasmic (N:C) ratio, and pleomorphism. Neoplasms that met three or more of these criteria were classified as histologically malignant; those that met one or two criteria were classified as atypical; and those that displayed only focal pleomorphism but fulfilled none of the other criteria were classified as benign. Hence, 46 cases were classified as histologically malignant, 21 as atypical (3 were multicentric), and 6 as benign (all were multicentric). The patients with benign multicentric and atypical granular cell tumors had no metastases and there were no tumor deaths. In contrast, 11 of 28 patients (39%) with malignant granular cell tumor with follow-up information died of disease at a median interval of 3 years; 8 of 28 (29%) were alive with disease, and 9/28 (32%) were disease free (median intervals, 2 and 7 years, respectively). There were local recurrences in 9 of 28 malignant cases (32%) and metastases in 14 of 28 (50%) (median intervals, each 2 years). Forty-eight cases were studied immunohistochemically; 100% expressed vimentin, 98% S-100 protein, 98% neuron-specific enolase, 69% CD57, and 65% CD68. Alpha-smooth muscle actin, desmin, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), cytokeratins (with CAM 5.2 and KL-1), chromogranin, and HMB45 were not detected. The proliferative index with Ki67 (MIB 1) was 10-50% in 14 of 25 malignant tumors (56%), and immunostaining for p53 was detected in 50% or more of tumor cells in 17 of 25 (68%); both of these factors were statistically significant with regard to the histologic classification as benign, atypical, or malignant. Ultrastructural examination of 13 benign, atypical, and malignant granular cell tumors showed engorgement of the cytoplasm with complex granules and lysosomes, as well as Schwannian features. By flow cytometric DNA analysis, two of six malignant tumors were aneuploid, two were hyperdiploid, and two were diploid. One atypical tumor was aneuploid and all 11 benign tumors were either diploid (9 cases) or hyperdiploid (2 cases). Statistically significant adverse prognostic factors with regard to survival included local recurrence, metastasis, larger tumor size, older patient age, histologic classification as malignant, presence of necrosis, increased mitotic activity, spindling of tumor cells, vesicular nuclei with large nucleoli, and Ki67 values greater [corrected] than 10%. This study defines clinical and morphologic criteria for malignancy in granular cell tumors and shows that malignant granular cell tumor is a high-grade sarcoma with a high rate of metastases and a short survival.
 ...
PMID:Malignant granular cell tumor of soft tissue: diagnostic criteria and clinicopathologic correlation. 966 41


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Next >>