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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This chapter describes the various ways in which the non-Hodgkin's lymphomas can involve the skin, how these diseases should be assessed, standard treatments available in 2002, and new directions in research. The goal of the session is to succinctly review recent developments in lymphoma classification and treatment as they apply to the unique aspects of lymphoma when manifest in the skin. In Section I, Dr. Eric Hsi reviews the special characteristics of the lymphomas seen when they proliferate in the skin and the application of the new World Health Organization classification system to the cutaneous lymphomas, emphasizing the unique challenges of recognizing and correctly classifying these diseases. He summarizes the evidence in favor of including the skin lymphomas in the overall lymphoma classification scheme and concludes with a practical description of the specific skin lymphoma entities. In Section II, Dr. Joseph Connors describes the current optimal treatment of the B-cell lymphomas when they present in or metastasize to the skin. Building on the classification scheme described by Dr. Hsi, Dr. Connors outlines a treatment approach based on current understanding of pathophysiology of these diseases and application of each of the effective modalities available for cutaneous lymphoma including radiation, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. In Section III, Dr. Francine Foss concludes the session with a discussion of the different T-cell lymphomas that start in or spread to the skin concentrating on mycosis fungoides, cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma and peripheral T-cell lymphoma. She includes comments on the newer anti-T-cell chemo- and immuno-therapeutics focusing on agents and techniques specific for cutaneous T-cell lymphomas.
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PMID:Lymphoma of the skin. 1244 27

Lymphoma is a malignant neoplasm arising from B or T lymphocytes. In dogs, one-third of lymphomas are highly aggressive multicentric T-cell lymphomas that are often associated with humoral hypercalcaemia of malignancy (HHM). There are no cell lines or animal models to investigate the pathogenesis of T-cell lymphoma and HHM in dogs. We developed the first xenograft model by injecting lymphoma cells from an Irish Wolfhound intraperitoneally into NOD/SCID mice. The mice developed multicentric lymphoma along with HHM and increased parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) as occurs in dogs with T-cell lymphoma. Using cytokine complementary DNA arrays, we identified genes that have potential implications in the pathogenesis of T-cell lymphoma. Quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of T-cell lymphoma samples from hypercalcaemic canine patients showed that PTHrP likely plays a central role in the pathogenesis of HHM and that hypercalcaemia is the result of a combinatorial effect of different hypercalcaemic factors. Finally, we monitored in vivo tumour progression and metastases in the mouse model by transducing the lymphoma cells with a lentiviral vector that encodes a luciferase-yellow fluorescent protein reporter and showed that in vivo trafficking patterns in this model were similar to those seen in dogs. This unique mouse model will be useful for translational research in lymphoma and for investigating the pathogenesis of T-cell lymphoma and HHM in the dog.
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PMID:NOD/SCID mouse model of canine T-cell lymphoma with humoral hypercalcaemia of malignancy: cytokine gene expression profiling and in vivo bioluminescent imaging. 1917 62

Two guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) were presented with a clinical history of a chronic, unresponsive skin disorder with scaling, itching and alopecia. After clinical differential diagnoses (e. g. ectoparasitosis, dermatomycosis, endocrinopathy or allergy) had been ruled out, a skin biopsy revealed an epitheliotropic lymphoma (Mycosis fungoides). The pathohistological examination of the skin showed focal intraepidermal accumulations of tumorous lymphocytes also known as pautrier microabscesses. A full necropsy displayed also metastases in lymph nodes, and additionally tumor cells within skeletal muscle, heart, lung, liver and kidney in one animal. Immunohistochemically, neoplastic cells were characterized by an expression of the T-cell receptor CD3. Generally epitheliotropic T-cell lymphomas are rare neoplasms of unknown cause and reports in guinea pigs are scarce. The most frequent neoplasms of the skin in this species are lipomas and trichofolliculomas. Initially a neoplasm was not suspected in both cases presented here. An epitheliotropic T-cell lymphoma should be considered as differential diagnosis in any case of unresponsive or recurrent scaling, itching and erythematous skin changes with alopecia, especially if the skin disorder is accompanied by weight loss and a poor general condition. In such cases the epitheliotropic T-cell lymphoma is easily diagnosed by using cutaneous biopsy samples. With those cutaneous biopsy samples the definitive diagnosis of an epitheliotropic lymphomas was made in both cases.
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PMID:[Metastasizing epitheliotropic T-cell lymphoma (Mycosis fungoides) in two guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus)]. 2508 Aug 28


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