Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Melanoma involving the nasal and paranasal sinus mucosa is a rare disease that is difficult to treat and generally has a poor prognosis. Data on 17 patients treated at the UCLA Medical Center during the period 1970 to 1985 were reviewed in a retrospective manner. The five-year disease-free survival was 25% (3/12). Surgery, with or without radiation therapy, is the mode of treatment to control disease in most patients. Treatment failures, which include both local recurrence and distant metastases, may occur many years after initial therapy. We found a correlation between the thickness of tumor and the clinical outcome.
 ...
PMID:Melanoma of the nasal and paranasal sinus mucosa. 362 Jan 31

The New Mexico Melanoma Registry and New Mexico Tumor Registry identified 81 cases of melanoma involving the skin and mucous membranes of Hispanics. The clinical and pathologic characteristics of these tumors were compared with those observed in whites. The frequency of melanoma in Hispanics appears to be no more than a sixth of that observed in whites. Female patients were more prevalent within the Hispanic population. The median patient age at diagnosis was similar in Hispanics and whites. A much larger proportion of melanomas in Hispanics occurred on the palms, soles, and in subungual regions. Acral lentiginous melanomas were correspondingly more frequent among Hispanics, as was mucous membrane melanoma. Melanomas arising from the palms, soles, subungual regions, and mucous membranes tended to be advanced in stage, to occur in older individuals, and to metastasize. These cases explain the generally poorer prognosis for Hispanic patients compared with whites. The epidemiology of melanoma relevant to these findings is discussed.
 ...
PMID:Melanoma within a southwestern Hispanic population. 366 65

The outcome of patients with stage I malignant melanoma has been well assessed in terms of prognostic factors and their effect on survival; however, little is known of the recurrence patterns of cutaneous melanoma or the survival of these patients subsequent to recurrence. A retrospective, computer-aided chart review identified 4185 patients with melanoma who had stage I disease clinically. During a follow-up period of one to 14 years, 35.9% suffered a recurrence. Melanoma of the trunk (37.8%) and head and neck area (46.1%) had an increased incidence of recurrent metastases compared with melanoma of the extremities (29.8%). Local regional metastases accounted for 62.5%, 77.3%, and 85.6% of the recurrences in the head and neck, trunk, and extremity primary sites, respectively, with 65% of the relapses occurring within the first three years. Actuarial five-year survival rates of patients who had recurrent disease were significantly decreased compared with those of patients who had no evidence of metastases during their clinical course. A multivariate analysis was performed to estimate the survival of patients after recurrence. One may use this mathematical model to predict the outcome of individual patients after recurrence and provide a more rationally based prognosis for them and their families.
 ...
PMID:Prognosis for recurrent stage I malignant melanoma. 367 98

Melanoma, a not uncommon tumor, is associated with variable cytomorphology and unpredictable metastatic potential. Although most cytologic diagnoses of malignant melanoma represent metastatic disease, the diagnosis is frequently unsuspected clinically. Three effusions in which cells from metastatic melanomas were not diagnosed are described. Clinical factors that may have contributed to the erroneous cytodiagnoses are illustrated. Cytologic features and adjunctive studies that are helpful in identifying melanoma cells are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Malignant melanoma in effusions: a source of false-negative cytodiagnoses. 372 Apr 88

Fab fragments of monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) to melanoma, radiolabeled with 131I, were evaluated as diagnostic reagents to determine their ability to localize systemic--MoAb injected intravenously (IV)--or nodal metastatic disease--injected subcutaneously (SQ) at a site proximal to draining lymph nodes. Sixty-one scans were performed (40 IV, 21 SQ) in 59 patients who had injections of 0.2-50 mg of 131I coupled (0.2-12 mCi) antibody. These included 48.7, which identifies a high molecular weight antigen (HMW), or 96.5, which identifies a transferrin like molecule, p97. 125I coupled nonspecific Fab 1.4, reacting with murine leukemia virus, or the whole antibody BL3, reactive with a human B cell idiotypic determinant, was generally used in tandem with the patients injected SQ as a nonspecific control. All patients had immunohistochemical studies performed on biopsied lesions and demonstrated binding to the antibodies injected. Of the IV patients, 22/38 (58%) had (+) scans, 13 at SQ or nodal sites, four at visceral sites, and five at visceral and SQ sites. Patients with clinical stage II disease had SQ injection of MoAb, including 11 additional patients injected with the whole antibody 9.2.27 (anti-HMW) labeled with 111In (6 patients) or 131I (5 patients). Nodal dissection was performed 2-4 days later. All 111In coupled antibodies demonstrated excellent nodal delineation without specific identification of tumor deposits. Of the 21 patients injected SQ with MoAb, 17 had confirmed tumor in nodes. Of patients injected with Fab fragments, 4/8 (50%) had specific uptake of MoAb, although only two were successfully imaged. Increased uptake of antimelanoma antibodies was observed in some patients in lymph nodes not containing tumor and was possibly related to antigen shedding. Clearance of labeled antibody from the injection site occurred with a half life of 16-50 hours. Toxicity was limited to local discomfort at the site of SQ injection. Melanoma metastases can be identified with IV or SQ injection or radiolabeled antibodies. These reagents may be useful in the diagnosis or therapy of human melanoma. Further evaluation will be required before they could be considered clinically useful.
 ...
PMID:Monoclonal antibody imaging of human melanoma. Radioimmunodetection by subcutaneous or systemic injection. 375 57

Cutaneous malignant melanoma in children and adolescents is rare. Of over 1600 patients documented in the Melanoma Registry at Frenchay Hospital from 1967 onwards, only 29 cases are recorded who were 21 years of age or younger. Of these, four patients were pre-pubertal (13 years or less) and none arose from a congenital "giant" naevus. Fifteen patients developed metastases, 10 of whom showed spread of tumour within 30 months of initial presentation. Eight of these patients with metastatic disease died, with a maximum survival of 61 months. Only seven patients, five of whom have metastatic disease, survive more than 10 years after first presentation; nine patients, one of whom has secondaries, survive for 5 years or less.
 ...
PMID:Cutaneous malignant melanoma in the young. 377 5

Solitary pulmonary lesions were detected roentgenographically in two melanoma patients during routine follow-up examinations. Melanoma metastases were suspected and the tumors were surgically removed. One turned out to be bronchogenic carcinoma, the other was found to be a chondroma. These cases indicate that in suspected solitary pulmonary melanoma metastases a surgical approach may be reasonable.
 ...
PMID:Pitfalls in the diagnosis of pulmonary metastases in malignant melanoma. 394 53

Cutaneous malignant melanoma sometimes metastasizes to the upper respiratory and digestive tracts. It may cause significant local symptoms such as airway obstruction and dysphagia, and, in some cases, may represent the initial manifestation of disseminated disease. Of the 8,823 patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma seen at The University of Texas-M.D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute at Houston between 1944 and 1983, metastases to this region developed in 54 patients. The most common sites involved were the tonsil, tongue, nasopharynx, larynx, and lip. Five of ten cases in which an autopsy was performed were noted to have previously undiagnosed metastatic mucosal lesions. We conclude that metastases to the upper aerodigestive tract in patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma is a distinct possibility. Melanoma patients who manifest symptoms localized to this region should be carefully examined to exclude the possibility of metastatic tumor, since alternative treatment may be required. Local endoscopic treatment may be necessary to relieve airway or digestive tract obstruction.
 ...
PMID:Upper aerodigestive tract metastases in disseminated malignant melanoma. 396 53

An analysis of prognostic factors in 4000 patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma at the Sydney Melanoma Unit and the University of Alabama in Birmingham has demonstrated that the histological features of the primary melanoma become less predictive of survival the more advanced the disease becomes. Thus, whilst 4 features of primary lesions were independent predictors in localized disease (tumour thickness, ulceration, level of invasion and regression), only one of the stronger ones (ulceration) remained predictive in patients with regional lymph node metastases. Once distant spread was evident, there were no parameters of the primary lesion that predicted survival. Thus, in patients with advanced disease prognosis was dictated by the extent of metastatic involvement: the number of positive lymph nodes in stage II patients and the number and location of metastatic sites in stage III patients.
 ...
PMID:Prognostic histopathological factors in malignant melanoma. 404 30

Anchorage-independent growth of tumor cells constitutes a phenotype highly associated with malignant transformation and appears to be important in the ultimate event of tumor metastasis, i.e., secondary tumor colonization. The role of a specific, melanoma-associated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan population in anchorage-independent growth was assessed. Melanoma cells cultured in soft agar containing monoclonal antibody (mAb) 9.2.27, which recognizes such molecules on the surface of these cells, showed a 67-74% specific decrease in their colony formation. In contrast, neither mouse myeloma IgG nor monoclonal anti-HLA-A,B,C antibody (W6/32) had any effect on colony formation of the melanoma cells grown in soft agar. Human melanoma cells cultured in the presence of mAb 9.2.27 or W6/32 did not exhibit any changes in their DNA or protein synthetic metabolism. These findings suggest that 9.2.27-defined chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans on the surface of human melanoma cells may be involved in cell--cell interaction important in anchorage-independent growth.
 ...
PMID:Inhibition of anchorage-independent growth of human melanoma cells by a monoclonal antibody to a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan. 657 84


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>