Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Using culture techniques, we have been able to grow occult tumor cells from the bone marrow from cancer patients and have developed a new malignant lymphoid cell line, OMA-BL-1, from the bone marrow of a 17-year-old patient with recurrent Burkitt's lymphoma. The tumor cells grew rapidly in vitro in suspension culture, and very aggressively in vivo in athymic nude mice with metastases to the liver and abdominal cavity. The morphological, chromosomal, immunophenotypic and molecular biologic characteristics of fresh uncultured tumor cells from the patient and tumor cells grown in culture and in athymic nude mice were very similar. The cells were positive for Epstein-Barr virus-associated nuclear antigens (EBNA) and chromosome analysis of the cells revealed an atypical chromosomal abnormality of 45,X,-X,i(8q), HSR(18)(q21),t(8;14)(q24;q32). Southern analysis demonstrated that c-myc was rearranged and amplified in these cells. Immunophenotypic analysis of the cells using flow cytometry showed monoclonal B cells expressing a surface IgG-kappa isotype. The tumor cells grown in nude mice had a significant decrease in CD24 expression when compared to cultured tumor cells. Electron microscopy of the fresh and cultured cells revealed Herpes virus, most likely Epstein-Barr virus, particles. This cell line has been maintained in culture for over 18 months. The aggressive growth and metastatic properties of this cell line in athymic nude mice make it a potentially useful experimental model to study the biology of human lymphoma.
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PMID:Characterization of a newly established human Burkitt's lymphoma cell line, OMA-BL-1. 184 32

High-grade non-Hodgkins B-cell lymphoma is one of the principle malignancies that occurs in individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1). Immunoblastic lymphomas that arise in immunosuppressed transplant patients have been described as both monoclonal and polyclonal, and occur in association with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. To test whether polyclonal lymphoma occurred in patients with AIDS we studied tumors from multiple sites in three patients who died with widespread AIDS-associated large cell or large cell immunoblastic lymphoma. All biopsy specimens contained invasive lymphoma. Tumor cells were mature IgM-positive immunoblasts by immunohistochemical analysis, with the same B-cell phenotype observed in all tumor sites. Only a minority of sites from all patients analyzed were monoclonal as measured by immunoglobulin gene rearrangements, with one case having several foci of monoclonal disease with other histologically identical metastases showing no evidence of monoclonal proliferation. Similar to the transplant-associated polyclonal B-cell proliferations. EBV gene sequences were present in multiple sites from one autopsy. In the other two autopsies, polyclonal B-cell proliferations occurred in the absence of EBV involvement except at one site, where a minor clone of EBV-infected cells was found. In contrast to HIV-associated Burkitt's lymphoma, no c-myc rearrangements were found at any site. These studies describe the occurrence of polyclonal lymphoma in AIDS and suggest that EBV-negative polyclonal lymphoma may be a distinct disease entity unique to HIV-infected individuals.
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PMID:AIDS-associated polyclonal lymphoma: identification of a new HIV-associated disease process. 184 89

Undifferentiated carcinoma of the nasopharyngeal type (UCNT) is a particular head and neck Epstein Barr virus (EBV)-related carcinoma. It has a specific geographic repartition and a short natural history. Radiotherapy allows a high rate of local control, but 80% of patients die with or of metastatic spread. This tumor is also very chemosensitive, but the role of chemotherapy is still controversial. The Gustave Roussy experience (1984-1989) in this field is described. An 80% response rate in metastatic disease, 10% of unmaintained long-term complete responders after chemotherapy, and the achievement of 66% complete response with bleomycin-epirubicin-cisplatin (BEC) regimen in locally advanced disease are the main arguments for a primary role for chemotherapy in this potentially curable disease.
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PMID:Nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Biology, natural history, and therapeutic implications. 189 68

Immunochemical studies have shown that the monoclonal antibody (MoAb) CL203.4, elicited with immune interferon treated cultured human melanoma cells Colo 38, recognizes intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1). The determinant defined by MoAb CL203.4 is distinct and spatially distant from that defined by anti-ICAM-1 MoAb RR1/1, which had been elicited with Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B-lymphocytes from a lymphocyte function associated antigen 1 deficient patient. Immunohistochemical testing with MoAb CL203.4 of surgically removed lesions of melanocyte origin has shown a markedly lower reactivity with benign than with malignant lesions. Among the latter, a higher percentage of metastatic than of primary lesions was stained by MoAb CL203.4. The higher expression of ICAM-1 in metastases than in primary lesions is unique to melanoma, since no difference was found in its distribution in primary and metastatic lesions of a variety of malignancies of different embryological origin. Reactivity with MoAb CL203.4 of primary lesions removed from patients with stage I melanoma showed a highly significant correlation with the lesion thickness and with the clinical course of the disease. The disease free interval in patients without detectable reactivity of their primary lesion with MoAb CL203.4 was significantly (P = 0.004) longer than that of patients whose primary lesion was stained with MoAb CL203.4. These results suggest that ICAM-1 may be a useful marker in the analysis of the molecular mechanism underlying the association between lesion thickness and clinical course of the disease.
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PMID:Differential expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 in primary and metastatic melanoma lesions. 196 52

In order to investigate the association between various karyotypes of human tumor cells and biological behavior of tumors such as tumorigenicity, rate of growth, and the capacity to form metastasis, six chromosomally distinctive clones were isolated from an Epstein-Barr virus-transformed human chronic lymphocytic leukemic B-cell line which progressively grew and metastasized in irradiated nude mice. When inoculated into nude mice one clone (D10-1) with the karyotype of 46,XY,dup(1)(q11----q32) was more tumorigenic, grew faster, and produced more metastases than the other five clones. When mixtures of different clone-derived cells were grown in vitro or inoculated s.c. into nude mice the proportion of D10-1 cells was higher than their expected numbers in the cultures, s.c. tumors, and splenic and lymph nodal metastases. The growth and metastatic potential of the D10-1 clone were inhibited when cells from this clone were mixed with one or more clones that had slower growth. Duplication of 1q has been observed as a secondary aberration in human hematological malignancies and solid cancers. Our results demonstrate that duplication of the chromosome segment of 1q11----1q32 is associated with advantages in proliferation and metastasis formation.
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PMID:Role of 1q trisomy in tumorigenicity, growth, and metastasis of human leukemic B-cell clones in nude mice. 216 Mar 24

Twenty-seven nasopharyngeal carcinomas were entered in the Pediatric Oncology Group Rare Tumor Registry from 1973 to 1988 (15 males, 12 females; 10 white, 15 black, two unknown; aged 8 to 17 years). Eight tumors were non-keratinizing carcinomas (World Health Organization 2) and 19 were undifferentiated (World Health Organization 3). The overall 3-year survival rate was 70% (SE 11%). Nine children developed distant metastases and two were salvaged. We found that localized tumor (P = .02) and black race (P = .05) were associated with a better outcome. In situ hybridization using a biotinylated probe demonstrated Epstein-Barr virus DNA in the cytoplasm of the neoplastic epithelial cells in nine of 11 tumors examined, firmly establishing the presence of Epstein-Barr virus within the malignant cells of nasopharyngeal carcinomas of both World Health Organization 2 and World Health Organization 3 histology, rather than in the surrounding lymphocytes.
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PMID:Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in children--a retrospective review and demonstration of Epstein-Barr viral genomes in tumor cell cytoplasm: a report of the Pediatric Oncology Group. 216 87

Among 54 mediastinal tumours we examined in the past 20 years, there were 5 cases of primary thymic carcinomas, each with widespread metastases. Histological features in three cases were consistent with lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma. One case showed an epidermoid pattern with keratotic pearls resembling Hassall bodies. One undifferentiated carcinoma developed from a cortical thymoma. Epstein-Barr virus could not be detected in tumour tissue with in situ hybridization. A review of the literature revealed only 94 well-documented cases of thymic carcinoma. Both thymic carcinomas and thymomas are neoplasms of the thymic epithelial cells, but thymic carcinomas are obviously histologically malignant and usually not associated with any parathymic syndromes. Epidermoid and lymphoepithelioma-like carcinomas are described along with special forms, such as small- and clear-cell carcinomas, basaloid, sarcomatoid, mucoepidermoid, and adenocystic carcinoma. Compared to the other forms, lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma has a poor prognosis in regard to metastases and rate of survival. Some thymic carcinomas may develop from pre-existing thymomas.
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PMID:Thymic carcinoma. Report of five cases and review of the literature. 217 29

Subcutaneous (s.c.) inoculation of the 85-4LN subline, derived from a lymph nodal metastasis of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) transformed human chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) B cell line, EBV-CLL (1), produced progressively growing lethal tumors in 31/35 nonirradiated (88.6%) and 22/25 (88%) of whole-body irradiated (440 rad) nude mice. In contrast, EBV-CLL(1) could produce progressive tumors only in irradiated nude mice. All 85-4LN cells had Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen and reacted with pan B and anti-la antibodies. The morphology and ultrastructural features was consistent with the lymphoblastoid nature of the cells. In all s.c. tumor bearing mice, there was enlargement of the spleen and draining lymph nodes. Karyological studies revealed human cells in the spleen and draining nodes in all the mice investigated. Metastases in nonlymphoid organs were seen in 1/8 irradiated and 8/12 nonirradiated mice. The subline contained 77% cells with 47,XY, +12 and 23% cells with 45,XY karyotype. The clone with trisomy 12 did not have any growth advantage either in s.c. transplants or in splenic/lymph nodal metastases. Treatment with the maximum permissible doses of methotrexate (MTX) or chlorambucil (CBL) revealed xenografts to be more sensitive to MTX than CBL. A clone with a 1g+ marker, i.e., 46,XY,Dup(1) (q11----q32) appeared to be associated with resistance to CBL. We have not seen any previous report on the growth and dissemination of human CLL B cells in nonirradiated nude mice. The 85-4LN subline, thus, provides a model for studying the progression, dissemination and therapeutic response of human CLL-B cells.
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PMID:Progression of a human B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia line in nude mice. 284 46

IgA antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus capsid antigen (IgA anti-VCA) can be detected in sera of patients with certain types of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). IgA anti-VCA titres were determined by the indirect immunofluorescence technique. 17 control patients with benign diseases or carcinomas of the head and neck other than NPC had negative IgA anti-VCA titres less than or equal to 1:16. NPC was diagnosed histologically according to the Cologne modification of the WHO classification. Among 16 cases of untreated or recurrent NPC, a rare disease in Europe, seen over the past three years, those with undifferentiated carcinomas with and without lymphoid stroma and the non-keratinizing carcinomas with lymphoid stroma were IgA anti-VCA positive (1:32 to 1:512), whereas patients with squamous cell carcinomas were negative. In four cases the primary tumour had not been diagnosed by other ENT doctors in spite of known regional or distant metastases consisting of undifferentiated carcinomas with or without lymphoid stroma. IgA anti-VCA antibodies in the sera of these patients indicated the probable site of the primary tumour. NPC was verified by biopsy in all these cases. In 2 serologically negative patients the original diagnosis of undifferentiated NPC with lymphoid stroma had to be revised to malignant Non-Hodgkin lymphoma. In the follow-up of 6 NPC patients the trend of changes in IgA anti-VCA titres correlated with the course of the disease, but the minute tumour-related changes could be detected only when at least two previous sera of the same patient were included in every test.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Immunoglobulin A serum antibodies against the capsid antigen of Epstein-Barr virus in the differential diagnosis and follow-up of nasopharyngeal cancer]. 299 46

Clinical, serological and lymphocyte studies were done on 435 patients with biopsy proved anaplastic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in various clinical status, at the National Taiwan University Hospital, from January 1980 through June 1983. Studies on 134 normal control were also done. Using immunofluorescent antibody method, seropsitive rates of the antibody titers against viral capsid antigens (VCA) and early antigens (EA) of Epstein-Barr (EB) virus were 70.8%-100% for anti-VCA/IgG titers (greater than or equal to 1:640), 81.0%-100% for anti-VCA/IgA titers (greater than or equal to 1:40), 66.7%-93.8% for anti-EA/IgG titers (greater than or equal to 1:160), and 40.0%-87.5% for anti-EA/IgA titers (greater than or equal to 1:40) in NPC patients with disease. They decreased to 10.5%-21.7% in remission patients. In contrast, they were less than 5% in the control. Mean total serum IgG and IgA levels were moderately increased to around 1,500 mg/dl and 300 mg/dl respectively, in all patients. The increase was most remarkable in patients with liver metastases. In control the values were 1,211 mg/dl and 223 mg/dl, respectively. Mean serum IgM, C3 and C4 amounts of NPC patients were not significantly different from those of the normal control, the latter were 129, 80.3 and 43.2 mg/dl, respectively. Serum acid phosphatase and calcium levels of NPC patients were all in the normal range of 0.1-2.0 BU/ml and 2.0-3.0 mmol/dl, respectively. Serum GOT, GPT, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase and mucoprotein were elevated either alone or in combination in some patients before treatment, in many patients with neck recurrence or distant metastases, but in all patients with liver metastases. Using monoclonal antibodies (Ortho Inc., U.S.A.) to define lymphocyte subsets, B lymphocytes comprised about 12% and T lymphocytes about 60% in the patients, whereas they were 11.9% and 73.1% in the control. The helper/suppressor ratio was 1.7 in the control and about 1.0 in NPC patients, and was only 0.8 in remission patients. The lack of correlation between the seropositive rates of anti-VCA antibodies and the helper/suppressor ratio might indicate different manifestations of humoral and cellular immunity in patients with NPC.
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PMID:Humoral and cellular immunity in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. 608 49


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