Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty-five patients affected by adrenal glands pathology underwent CT and MRI: 6 non-functioning adenomas, 2 Cushing's adenomas, 2 Conn's adenomas, 6 metastases, 3 cysts, 2 carcinomas (Cushing's syndrome), 1 lymphoma and 3 pheochromocytomas. Diagnosis was subsequently confirmed either at surgery, or autopsy, or with needle biopsy. In all cases normal adrenal glands and pathological lesions were showed by MRI. T1 signal intensity and mass diameter were compared with T2 signal intensity, represented by the intensity ratio between the adrenal mass vs normal hepatic parenchyma. MRI signal intensity, usually high in case of malignancy and low in adenomas, shows a mean value which is much wider than that referred to mass diameter evaluation (carcinoma is larger than adenoma); for this reason those findings have proved to be insufficiently accurate for adrenal tissue characterization, even for the evaluation of cysts and pheochromocytomas. In the same cases CT showed higher accuracy.
 ...
PMID:[MR tomography in adrenal pathology. Preliminary report on 25 histologically controlled cases]. 337 95

Between 1957 and 1978 the authors operated 15 patients with an adrenal tumor. This series includes six pheochromocytomas, seven cortical tumors, one adrenal cyst and one neuroblastoma. The specific diagnostic and therapeutic problems encountered in this group of different type tumors are discussed. In the group of six pheochromocytomas one was benign but recurred nine years later, one was a paraganglioma and one a malignant pheochromocytoma with functional glandular metastases. The seven cortical tumors are divided into one functional benign tumor, two non-functional benign tumors of which one was located outside the adrenal gland, two non-functional malignant tumors, one functional malignant tumor and one syndrome of Conn.
 ...
PMID:[Surgical experiences with adrenal tumors (author's transl)]. 724 96

The results of computed tomography examination of adrenal tumors in 19 adults patients are reported. Diagnosis of an adenoma during Cushing's syndrome is possible, as well as detection of spread of an adrenal cortex tumor. Avascular pheochromocytoma and Conn's adenomas less than 1 cm in diameter, occurring during the course of hypertensive disease, can also be demonstrated. In cases of adrenal metastases, the main value of the CT scan is to enable precise stereotaxic biopsies to be conducted, and to allow modification of therapy as a function of results.
 ...
PMID:[Computed tomography examination of adrenal tumors in adults (author's transl)]. 744 95

Palliation of acute airway obstruction using the neodymium yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd-YAG) laser was studied in 54 patients who presented over a 42-month period to the Yale cardiothoracic surgery service. Thirty-seven patients had bronchogenic carcinoma; 27 had stage IIIB or IV disease. Nine patients had endobronchial metastases from a primary nonbronchogenic carcinoma. Eight patients had benign disease. A total of 109 Nd-YAG laser tumor ablations were performed. In addition, 32 patients underwent postoperative brachytherapy. Median survival for all patients was 12 months. Patients with bronchogenic carcinoma had a median survival of five months. Fifteen of 20 patients (75%) alive at the time of follow-up reported continued palliation as shown by an improved postoperative Karnofsky score. There was no survival benefit from Nd-YAG laser ablation of endobronchial bronchogenic carcinoma; however, the Nd-YAG laser provided good to excellent palliation in the majority of patients on long-term follow-up.
Conn Med 1995 Jul
PMID:Use of neodymium yttrium aluminum garnet laser in long-term palliation of airway obstruction. 754 64

CT is the imaging procedure of choice for detecting adrenal masses. In patients with biochemical evidence of an adrenal endocrine syndrome, CT can detect or exclude an adrenal mass in a high percentage of cases. Radionuclide scintigraphy is a useful adjunct in selected cases to characterize an adrenal mass as functional cortical (NP-59) or medullary (MIBG) tissue. In this article, the spectrum of adrenal imaging findings in patients with Cushing's syndrome, Conn's syndrome (primary aldosteronism), and pheochromocytoma is described and illustrated. In patients without an adrenal endocrine syndrome, an adrenal mass is detected on CT as an incidental finding or during a search for metastatic disease. Although pathognomonic findings of adrenal hemorrhage or myelolipoma are occasionally demonstrated, most adrenal masses have nonspecific morphological CT features. Differentiation of common benign adenomas from nonadenomatous adrenal masses, including metastases, remains an important clinical problem. This article reviews the current status, advantages, and limitations of the following methods to characterize an adrenal mass: (1) percutaneous adrenal biopsy, (2) NP-59 scintigraphy, (3) unenhanced CT densitometry, and (4) opposed-phase chemical shift MRI.
 ...
PMID:Adrenal imaging. 757 78

This paper reports the experience of five Belgian surgical teams with 18 videoendoscopic adrenalectomies performed on 16 patients between October 1993 and May 1995. The adrenal gland diseases were pheochromocytoma (4 patients), primary hyperaldosteronism (2 cases), Cushing's adenoma (2 cases), Cushing's disease (1 case), nonfunctional adenoma (3 cases), single metastasis from adenocarcinoma (2 cases), functional adenoma with dehydro-epiandrostenedione (DHEAS) and cortisol hypersecretion (1 case), ACTH secreting metastases from a thymoma (1 case) Two patients underwent bilateral adrenalectomies. Eleven left and three right adrenal glands were removed in 14 other patients. The eight women and eight men range in age from 17 to 72 years (median 47). Six patients demonstrated a body mass index greater than 30. Median tumor size was 3 cm (range 1.3 - 5). Laparoscopic adrenalectomy was successful in 14 patients (87%). The median duration of the procedure was 132 minutes (range 59-360). The median postoperative stay was 6 days (range 2-13). No patient required blood transfusion. We conclude that the videoscopic approach can safely be used for surgical removal of adrenal lesions. However this approach should be performed by surgeons well versed in the techniques of open adrenalectomy for endocrine disorders, but also well trained in videoendoscopic surgery.
 ...
PMID:Videoendoscopic adrenalectomy: multicentric study from the Belgian Group for Endoscopic Surgery (BGES). 880 96

Since February 1990, 74 patients (116 studies) underwent scintigraphy with meta-[131I]iodobenzylguanidine ([131I]MIBG). Eighteen patients had pheochromocytomas, 2 paragangliomas, 2 malignant insulinomas, 1 carcinoid, 2 medullary thyroid carcinoma and 49 children had neuroblastomas. Scintigraphy was performed following a thyroid blockade, at 24 and 48 hours after i.v. injection of 0.5 mCi/1.7 m2 [131I]MIBG. Grade of heart intensity (GHI) uptake and the intensity of salivary gland visualization (SGI) were estimated semiquantitatively, according to the method of Nakajo et al. Sensitivity in the primary pheochromocytomas was 93.9%; sensitivity and specificity in the primary neuroblastomas were 93.7% and 100% respectively; in the secondary neuroblastomas they were 100%, and 100%. Metastases in 2 malignant insulinomas and in 1 case of medullary thyroid carcinoma were also demonstrated. Only one false negative (in pheochromocytoma) and one false positive (Conn's syndrome) result was obtained. Mean values and range of MIBG uptake measured according to Shulkin's procedure were: for pheochromocytoma 3.95% (0.1-15), primary neuroblastoma 0.7% (0.05-1.92%), and neuroblastoma metastases 0.12% (0.002-0.83%). Assessment of [131I]MIBG uptake seems to be helpful in the follow-up of some neural crest tumors and is essential as a prelude to [131I]MIBG therapy.
 ...
PMID:Meta-[131I]iodobenzylguanidine in the scintigraphic evaluation of neural crest tumors. 900 42

Oropharyngeal dysphagia in adults is secondary to either a structural lesion or neuromuscular disorder of the upper esophageal sphincter. In cricopharyngeal achalasia (incomplete relaxation of the upper esophageal sphincter), the etiology is usually either related to neck surgery or other neuromuscular disorders. We report on a rare case of neuromuscular oropharyngeal dysphagia secondary to bone metastases to the base of the skull. The patient is an 81-year old man with prostate cancer with metastases to the sacrum. A gastroscopy was attempted to discern the etiology of his dysphagia, but the endoscope could not be advanced. A barium swollow showed cricopharyngeal achalasia, and an magnetic resonance image of the brain demonstrated bone destruction to the floor of the left posterior fossa in the region of the jugular foramen and foramen magnum. The bone destruction caused disruption of the glosso-pharyngeal and vagus nerves. Selective radiotherapy resulted in rapid improvement in his symptoms. The primary treatment of cricopharyngeal achalasia is to correct the underlying process, if possible. This case illustrates an unusual presentation of secondary cricopharyngeal achalasia caused by cranial nerve involvement secondary to bone metastases.
Conn Med 1998 Aug
PMID:Neuromuscular oropharyngeal dysphagia secondary to bone metastases. 975 2

Following local excision, the prognosis for long-term cure of a patient with breast malignancy depends on the presence of micro-metastatic disease. The risk of occult disease present prior to removal of the primary tumor can be assessed by knowledge of the tumor size, histology and degree of differentiation, and spread to axillary nodes. It ranges from 25% in node-negative tumors to as much as 75% to 80% in the presence of multiple involved nodes. Systemic therapy can reduce the risk by approximately one-third. Present studies indicate that regardless of age or menopausal status the majority of women should be considered for chemotherapy (if hormone receptor negative) or chemotherapy and tamoxifen (receptor positive). However, it is hoped that further refinement of our knowledge of prognostic factors will allow better design of adjuvant therapy through better understanding of the mechanisms of tumor growth and spread.
Conn Med 1999 Jan
PMID:Systemic adjuvant therapy of breast cancer. 1007 36

A 59-yr-old man with multiple pancreatic tumors is presented. Previously, he had undergone left adrenalectomy for primary hyperaldosteronism and left nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma at the ages of 39 and 55 yr, respectively. This time, 3 yr after removal of renal cancer, two solid lesions in the pancreas associated with hyperglucagonemia were detected. Under a diagnosis of pancreatic metastasis from renal cell carcinoma or islet cell tumor of the pancreas, distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy and enucleation of the tumor in the pancreas head were performed. Microscopically, a glucagonoma, measuring 2.3 mm in diameter, was detected among five pancreatic metastases from renal cell carcinoma. Four years after surgery, the patient remains well, without signs of recurrence despite multiple pancreatic metastases. This is the first report of such a rare combination consisting of aldosterone-secreting adrenal adenoma and glucagonoma.
 ...
PMID:A rare combination consisting of primary hyperaldosteronism and glucagonoma. 1023 26


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 Next >>