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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

At the Roswell Park Memorial Institute, 111 patients were treated for squamous cell carcinoma of the pyriform sinus over a 15-year period. Treatment modalities included surgery, radiation therapy, or a combination of both. A retrospective study was carried out to determine how these treatments, used singly or in combination, affected the cure rate. TNM clinical staging and recurrence patterns were studied, and a high tendency for distant metastases was documented. The five-year survival figure in this study was 29% (28/97).
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PMID:Squamous cell carcinoma of the pyriform sinus. 75 93

Most carcinomas of the oral tongue and floor of the mouth are presently treated surgically, often combined with pre- or postopervative irradiation. The treatment plan is mainly determined by the primary site and the local and regional extension, desirable are general rules on the basis of the TNM classification. The indications and principles of the most important operative procedures are discussed: Local excision, partial glossectomy, excision of the floor of the mouth with marginal mandibulectomy, composite resection. Operations for removal of the primary and radical neck dissection with preservation of the mandible (e.g. the pull-through procedure) are rarely advised. A radical neck dissection is indicated in each carcinoma of the oral tongue or floor of the mouth with palpable lymph nodes. If no nodes are palpable, an elective neck dissection is advised in view of the high frequency of clinically occult lymph node metastases (between 23 and 43%). Reconstructive measures following radical tongue and floor of the mouth operations are required for regaining a motility of the remaining tongue, for reconstruction of the floor of the mouth and for replacement of the mandible.
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PMID:[Surgery of the tongue and floor of the mouth (author's transl)]. 77 58

80 patients with carcinoma of the nasopharynx classified according to TNM categories who have been treated in the RRTI between January 1947 and January 1966 are discussed. During 1947-1957 patients were treated by orthovoltage, and after this period by cobalt machine. The actuarial 5-year survival rate was 35%. Various factors such as age, sex, sign and symptoms, TNM classification, histology and type of treatment are discussed and related to the incidence of:local recurrence 27% (20/73); regional recurrence 29% (17/58); invasion of the base of the skull 21% (16/78); regional metastases 38% (30/78); distant metastases 49% (38/78), and to 5-year survival 33% (26/80). An overview is given of the present method of treatment in the RRTI based on the data in literature and obtained in this analysis.
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PMID:Carcinoma of the nasopharynx treated in the RRTI. 83 Mar 16

Two hundred forty-nine patients with squamous cell carcinoma seen and treated at Universtiy of Wisconsin Hospitals from 1960-1972 were analyzed as to recurrence rates, with emphasis on specific sites of recurrence, salvage rates, and end results. Each case was carefully staged according to the TNM classification as set forth by the American Joint Committee for Cancer Staging and End Results Reporting (Revised, 1972). Of the cases treated initially with radiation, 58 percent developed recurrences in the larynx, and 5 percent developed surgical lymph node metastases. Of the cases treated initially by surgery, 13 percent demonstrated local recurrences and 15 percent cervical lymph node metastases. Twenty-six of 86 initial therapy failures were salvaged with further treatment, giving a salvage rate of only 29 percent. The overall recurrence free rates, including cases salvaged, were T1, 91 percent; T2, 86 percent; T3, 68 percent; and T4, 44 percent.
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PMID:Residual carcinoma of the larynx. 83 20

This study presents a retrospective look at 115 patients evaluated here from 1957 to 1974. In this series, 57 percent were males and 43 percent females, 84 percent were Caucasian and 16 percent Negro. Lesions confined to or originating in the antrum made up 67 percent while nonantral lesions were 33 percent. Mean age at diagnosis was 59.1 years. Smoking and drinking history did not appear to be contributory. Antral lesions were retrospectively staged according to Sisson's TNM classification. Sixteen tumor types were involved, with the most common being epidermoid. Diagnosis was most often made by intranasal or Caldwell-Luc biopsy. Most frequent symptoms, as well as earliest symptoms, were nasal obstruction, localized pain, and epistaxis. Average duration of symptoms was 6.4 months. Therapy was generally in the form of radiotherapy alone, preoperative radiotherapy and surgery, surgery and postoperative radiotherapy, or surgery alone. Local recurrences occurred in 44 percent of antral lesions and 50 percent of non-antral lesions. Regional (cervical) nodal metastases developed in 25 percent of antral lesions and 11 percent of non-antral lesions. Distant metastases developed in 30 percent of antral cases and 35 percent of non-antral cases. Five-year survival was 32 percent (35 percent determinate) for the total group. The more advanced the staging of the antral lesions, the worse the prognosis. Best survival figures were in the areas of preoperative radiotherapy and surgery at 38 percent (43 percent) and surgery alone at 56 percent (59 percent).
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PMID:Malignant neoplasms of the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses: (a retrospective study). 85 Apr 51

The end results of therapy of 1,358 breast cancer patients were studied. Anaesthesia was performed by ether-nitrogen-oxygen (554 cases) or halothane-nitrogen-oxygen (804 cases) mixture with addition of oxygen. The method of Holstead was employed in all cases. A comparison of groups of patients on the basis of such parameters as the anaesthetic used, age and degree of tumour progression (according to the TNM classification and results of post-operative histological assays) showed them to be identical. The study showed that the type of anaesthesia influenced the end results of therapy of cancer patients: the survival rates of patients receiving halothane anaesthesia were much higher than those of the ether-anaesthetized patients. The differences were most pronounced among patients who received pre-operative radiation therapy and post-operative chemotherapy as well as in cases of metastasis spread into regional lymph nodes. The mechanism of the effect of the anaesthetic on the survival rates of cancer patients may be explained on the basis of the data available on the varying influences of anaesthetics on the pituitary-adrenal cortec system and carcinemia development during operation as well as the role of immunity in tumour cell implantation and growth of metastases.
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PMID:The influence of the anaesthetic on survival rates of breast cancer patients after surgery. 89 32

A system for staging the clinical status of patients with soft tissue sarcomas is presented, based on the clinical characteristics of the primary tumor (size, extension), the involvement of lymph nodes, the presence of metastases, and the grade of the tumor. This represents the TNM system with grade of tumor (G) added. The system evolved was based on examination of 1215 cases of 13 types of soft tissues sarcomas, primarily in the extremities (fibrosarcoma, liposarcoma, etc.). Nine stages are described, and they are correlated with survival in the cases reviewed. The staging system now can be used for case evaluation for therapy determination and for intercomparison of series of patients as to incidence of different kinds of tumors, effects of treatment, and survival.
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PMID:A clinical and pathological staging system for soft tissue sarcomas. 90 70

20 of 45 new patients with prostatic carcinoma have undergone lymphography and lymphadenectomy to determine the N-category. The overall accuracy of lymphography was 75%. Lymphadenectomy was a safe procedure with minimal morbidity. Although it would be premature to recommend its universal adoption in the management of this disease, its further application and study seems desirable. Full TNM classification has proved to be of considerable value in the management of these patients. This study confirms that 50% of T3 MO tumours are free of lymph node metastases.
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PMID:Lymphography and pelvic lymphadenectomy in carcinoma of the prostate. 101 43

Characteristic for the germinal cell tumors of the testis is their great variety. Collins and Pugh gave a classification of testis tumors under consideration of the genesis of the tumor and the clinical progressing. The staging should be done according to the TNM-system which is based on the UICC recommendations of 1973. If a tumor is suspected an exploration of the testis must be performed. After definitive histological diagnosis via immediate section for microscopic examination during surgery an enlarged orchiectomy and local lymph node dissection has to be performed. In cases of seminoma a 5-year-survival-rate of 90 to 97 per cent can be achieved by radiation of two fields (4 fields in case metastases are suspected). Because of the radio resistance of the teratoid tumors a retroperitoneal lymph node dissection has to follow the enlarged orchiectomy. With a subtile operating technique all the lymph nodes between diaphragm and aortic bifuraction can be removed in case of operability. Postoperative radiation therapy is only recommended in case of excessive lymph node metastases. By an adjuvant chemotherapy following retroperitoneal lymph node dissection a 5-year-survival-rate of more than 80 per cent can be obtained in cases of teratoid tumors.
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PMID:[Germinal testicular tumors]. 103 17

A retrospective analysis of 206 patients with lip cancer is presented. Poorly differentiated primary lesions have a high rate of metastases. The metastatic potential of well differentiated lesions, when classified by size in the TNM staging system, is the same as that of intraoral carcinoma. A therapeutic approach is proposed.
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PMID:Carcinoma of the lip. 110 25


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