Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of a low grade chondrosarcoma of the cricoid cartilage which had been diagnosed initially as a chondroma is presented. The tumour recurred twice after limited surgical resections. Total laryngectomy was inevitable due to near total involvement of the cricoid cartilage and subsequent histological examination revealed a low grade chondrosarcoma. We have discussed in brief, the diagnosis and treatment of chondrosarcomas of the larynx and support the view of conservative surgical management for low grade tumours as they are slow growing and metastases are infrequent. A total laryngectomy may be reserved for salvage or primarily when more than half of the cricoid cartilage needs to be resected. Histological grading reveals the biological behaviour of the tumour and CT scans help in planning the surgery. A regular follow-up is necessary for early detection of recurrences and metastases.
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PMID:Chondrosarcoma of the larynx. 770 31

Multicentric chondrosarcomas, other than those from mesenchymal chondroma, are rare and difficult to differentiate from metastatic disease. Eight new patients with multicentric chondrosarcomas are reported. Five patients had chondrosarcomas that were monomelic, 3 had disseminated chondrosarcomas, 3 had synchronous involvement, and 5 had metachronous involvement; 1 patient had Ollier's disease. A bimodal age distribution was apparent: 4 patients were between 62 and 76 years old, and the remaining 4 were between 16 and 33 years old. Average duration of followup was 6 years, 4 months. Each of the patients with synchronous chondrosarcomas had single bone lower extremity involvement and presented with symptoms occurring at only 1 of the 2 sites of tumor. Each of the 5 patients with metachronous chondrosarcomas experienced involvement of a different bone when the second tumor presented. Only 1 of these metachronous chondrosarcomas was limited to the lower extremity. The second tumor occurred in all patients after excellent control of the primary tumor by wide excision. The average duration between diagnosis of the 2 tumors was 4 years, 4 months (range, 8 months-12 years, 9 months). Patients who had nonmonomelic malignancies must be viewed with a considerably more guarded prognosis than those who had monomelic chondrosarcoma because each of the 2 deaths resulting from progressive disease occurred among the 3 patients with nonmonomelic chondrosarcoma. The nonmonomelic malignancies may represent metastatic chondrosarcoma with a rare predilection to bony involvement. Monomelic chondrosarcoma simply may represent lesions analogous to the skip lesions observed in osteosarcoma.
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PMID:Multicentric chondrosarcomas. 865 59

Common histologic variants of liposarcoma are readily recognized. Histologic classification might be difficult, however, when liposarcoma demonstrates cartilaginous differentiation. Although this phenomenon has previously been noted, it has not, to our knowledge, been reported as a specific pathologic entity. All three patients in the present study were men, ages 37, 42, and 63 years. Each presented with a solitary, enlarging mass of the thigh that was surgically excised. The tumors ranged in size from 8 to 13 cm. Microscopically, each lesion displayed characteristic features of myxoid liposarcoma; in addition, all possessed discrete, rounded foci of mature-appearing hyaline cartilage. One case displayed small foci showing chondrocyte atypia. No other patterns of mesenchymal differentiation were present. All patients received postoperative radiation therapy. No recurrences or metastases have been identified (mean duration, 39 mo). Myxoid liposarcomas with cartilaginous differentiation are of importance because they might be misdiagnosed as malignant mesenchymoma. The latter, if not qualified as to histologic grade, might be presumed to be a biologically more aggressive lesion. In addition, these lesions must be distinguished from two benign processes: chondroid lipoma and extraskeletal chondroma with lipoblast-like cells. Additional studies of this uncommon variant of liposarcoma will be necessary to document further its status as a low-grade sarcoma.
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PMID:Myxoid liposarcoma with cartilaginous differentiation. 868 23

Periosteal chondrosarcoma occurs predominantly in the long tubular bones. The long-term survival rate is better and there are fewer local recurrences than with central chondrosarcoma. A case of periosteal chondrosarcoma is reported with a review of the literature. A 13-year-old girl presented with swelling of the distal right thigh of 3 weeks' duration. Radiographs and computed tomographic scan of the lesion showed a soft tissue mass, measuring 6 x 6 cm, with matrix calcification arising from the surface of the bone. An open biopsy followed by en bloc resection of the tumor was performed. The histologic features were those of a chondrosarcoma. An 8-year follow-up period has shown no local recurrence or distant metastases. The differential diagnosis of periosteal chondrosarcoma includes periosteal (chondroblastic) osteosarcoma and periosteal chondroma. Controversy exists as to whether periosteal chondrosarcoma is an entity distinct from periosteal osteosarcoma. The clinicopathologic features in this case and in the cases reported in the literature support the contention that periosteal chondrosarcoma is indeed distinct.
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PMID:Periosteal chondrosarcoma: a case report and review of the literature. 911 Oct 97

Cartilaginous tumors of the larynx are rare; although chondromas are the most frequent of these tumors. Laryngeal chondrosarcomas are even rarer, in spite of this being the most frequent histological variety of sarcoma (less than 1% of all malignant laryngeal tumors). These tumors are slow-growing, locally aggressive, and tend to recur. They are less aggressive in the larynx than in other sites: cervical or distant metastases are rare (8.5%) and recurrences often can be controlled. The most common presenting symptom is hoarseness with normal indirect laryngoscopy. The complementary studies of choice are computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The role of these imaging techniques in the study of laryngeal chondroma and chondrosarcoma was examined. These sporadic tumors may be overlooked, although early identification is necessary for effective treatment.
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PMID:[Cartilaginous tumors of the cricoid: imaging diagnosis. A case report]. 919 88

Thirty-two patients affected with skeletal conditions were examined with MRI using Short TI Inversion Recovery sequence and Spectral Presaturation with Inversion Recovery (SPIR) sequence as well as Spin-Echo (SE) T1-weighted sequence and Fast Spin-Echo (FSE) T2-weighted sequence to compare their value in the assessment of skeletal lesions. SPIR sequence was performed after intravenous injection of Gd-DTPA. The lesions included primary bone tumors (10 cases: 1 osteosarcoma, 1 periosteal sarcoma, 1 Ewing's sarcoma, 1 chondrosarcoma, 2 non-ossifying fibromas, 1 chondroma, 1 chondromyxoid fibroma, 1 desmoplastic fibroma and 1 bone cyst), metastases (7 cases: 3 prostate, 3 breast, 1 lung-squamous cell carcinoma), infections (12 cases: 9 osteomyelitis, 3 spondylodiscitis), sacroiliitis (1 case) and posttraumatic bone bruise (2 cases of bone marrow edema). The four sequences were compared by using both qualitative and quantitative evaluation. Qualitative evaluation showed that STIR sequence was better than SPIR sequence (performed with Gd-DTPA) for lesion conspicuity (p < .016) and for signal intensity uniformity (p < .03). Compared with SE T1 and FSE T2 sequences, fat-suppressed sequences were superior for conspicuity, margins, and extension of the lesions (range of p < .001-.017). Only SPIR with Gd-DTPA sequence, compared with SE T1 sequence for lesion conspicuity was not statistically significantly different. Quantitative evaluation showed statistically significant higher values of percent contrast (%C) and contrast-to-noise ratio (C/N) for STIR sequence compared with SPIR sequence (%C p < .004; C/N p < .040). This study suggests that STIR sequence and SE T1-weighted sequence provide high sensitivity in lesion detection and good anatomical definition. The use of a fat-suppressed sequence with Gd-DTPA can be useful for lesion characterization.
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PMID:[Comparison of magnetic resonance Spin-echo sequences and fat-suppressed sequences in bone diseases]. 928 Sep 29

Cartilaginous tumours of the larynx are very seldom encountered. Worldwide literature report until now no more than 250 cases. The greatest number of cases (72%) are benign and localized on cricoid cartilage. They are characterized by its slow pace spread and chondrosarcomata shows scant tendency to metastasize, prevailing, instead, local increase. Best treatment resulted the conservative surgery. We report 3 cases (1 chondroma and 2 low ranked chondrosarcomata) diagnosed and treated in our Hospital in the last 15 years. Clinical and anatomopathologic features are exposed and the management as well, and also the postoperative course of each patient.
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PMID:[Cartilaginous tumors of the larynx. A report of 3 cases]. 954 49

Among oral and maxillofacial diseases, the maxillary osteolytic lesions constitute a rich and investigated field to define the more appropriate diagnosis and treatment. In the maxillary region, the same tumors of the other bones (osteogenic sarcoma, chondroma, etc.) cause found together with tumors and dysembryoplasias connected with the teeth development (ameloblastoma, odontoma, odontogenic myxoma, etc.). Moreover in the medullary spaces of the bones, there are reticular and hematopoietic cells that are connected with different diseases (leucemia, myeloma, lymphoma, etc.). What's more, due to the possible presence of pseudotumors (fibrous dysplasia, giant cell tumor, etc.) and metastases of tumors of other regions (breast, lung, prostate gland, etc.), the diagnosis of this disease could be difficult. In this paper the more important pictures of this disease, that due to its recurrence or malignity needs an accurate diagnosis by imaging like CT, CT-3D, MR, etc, are analyzed. The more suitable surgical approach is presented, according to the forms of the disease.
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PMID:[Serious jaw osteolytic lesions]. 1268 16

Cartilaginous tumours of the larynx are rare. Chondrosarcomas represent the most common sarcoma involving this site. A series of seven patients with the diagnosis of chondrosarcoma of the larynx from the cancer registry at the University of Michigan Medical Center from 1975 to 1997 and one recent case from the Ann Arbor Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital were identified. One patient with a laryngeal chondroma was also included in the series. Pertinent clinical, pathologic, and therapeutic data were reviewed. In three of the nine patients, tumours involved the thyroid cartilage; the remainder, including the chondroma, arose from the cricoid cartilage. Four of the chondrosarcomas were histopathologic grade I, three were grade II, and one was grade III. Surgical treatment of the chondrosarcomas included five total laryngectomies, three laryngofissures with resection, and a partial cricoid resection. Six patients are alive without disease, including one patient who had direct spread to the thyroid gland and a peristomal recurrence that was excised. The patient with a grade III tumour developed pulmonary metastases 6 months after total laryngectomy and radiation therapy and died. One patient died of other causes. These findings confirm previous reports that chondrosarcomas are usually slow growing and demonstrate an indolent clinical course and that low-grade chondrosarcomas arising in the larynx may be excised with close surgical margins without compromising survival. This series suggests that local recurrence of low-grade lesions can be salvaged surgically, even after total laryngectomy, and that high-grade chondrosarcomas, although exceedingly rare, are much more aggressive neoplasms with a greater tendency to metastasize.
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PMID:Cartilaginous tumours of the larynx. 1497 66

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), specific KIT- or PDFGRA-signaling driven mesenchymal tumors, are rare in children and young adults, and their clinicopathologic and molecular genetic profile is incompletely understood. In this study, we analyzed 44 gastric GISTs occurring by the age of 21 years. There were 32 females and 12 males, youngest of whom were a 5-year-old boy and an 8-year-old girl. All but 1 of 25 patients under the age of 16 were girls. The patients most commonly received medical attention because of chronic, insidious gastrointestinal bleeding with anemia, less commonly with acute GI bleeding. Only 1 patient had Carney triad with pulmonary chondroma. None of the patients had family members with GIST. The tumors measured from 1.5 to 24 cm (median, 5.6 cm). A total of 21 tumors with specified location were in the antrum and 8 were in the gastric body. Histologically, 26 tumors were composed of epithelioid cells, 12 of spindle cells, and 6 of combination thereof. Mitotic activity varied form 0 to 65/50 HPF (median, 5/50). All but one of the 24 tumors tested were KIT-positive, and 20 were CD34-positive. Eleven patients developed liver or abdominal metastases, and 6 of them died of tumor surviving 5.5 to 35.5 years (median, 16 years) after the first surgery; three of these tumors had a low mitotic activity and size <10 cm. Twenty-one patients were alive with no evidence for disease 7 to 41 years (median, 17 years) after the first surgery. None of the 13 tumors examined (7 of them 8- to 16-year-old females) had KIT exon 9, 11, 13, or 17 or PDGFRA exon 12 or 18 mutation as typically seen in adult GISTs. Gastric GISTs in children have mainly epithelioid morphology, often occur in antrum, and have a somewhat unpredictable but slow course of disease. Their pathogenesis may differ from that of adult GISTs because no KIT or PDGFRA mutations were found; connection with Carney triad seems infrequent despite demographic and histologic similarities.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the stomach in children and young adults: a clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic study of 44 cases with long-term follow-up and review of the literature. 1616 Apr 81


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