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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To determine the accurate localization of nodules of miliary pulmonary metastases within the secondary lobules, a Roentgenologic-pathologic study was made, using an inflated and fixed lung that was excised at autopsy from a patient who died of small cell carcinoma of the left lower lobe. Nodules in the perilobular area and nonperilobular areas were counted using 1-mm-thick specimens and their radiographs. It was found that 78% of the metastatic nodules were located in the perilobular area and 22% in the nonperilobular area. Furthermore, 13% of the metastatic nodules in the perilobular area showed tumor thrombosis in the lymphatic vessels, while none of the metastases in the perilobular area showed any tumor thrombosis. These results suggest that miliary pulmonary metastases are predominantly distributed in the perilobular area and that this finding is helpful in the diagnosis of this disease when high resolution computed tomography is used.
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PMID:Roentgenologic-pathologic correlations of miliary pulmonary metastases. 166 9

Bleomycin oil suspension was infused preoperatively into the bilateral pedal lymphatic vessels of 18 patients with cancer of the vulva, uterine cervix, and endometrium. The object of this technique was to reduce the number of local recurrences in pelvic and abdominal lymph nodes. Except in the case of two patients, it was possible to infuse both extremities. Side effects of the treatment were generally mild. In a postoperative study of the surgical specimens, metastases were found in 18 lymph nodes. All of these showed selective necrosis of existing metastases and conservation of the morphology of healthy nodes. Necrosis of the primary tumor was occasionally produced.
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PMID:Endolymphatic chemotherapy in gynecologic cancer. 169 7

Bladder tumors comprise a spectrum of neoplastic diathesis. Some behave in a benign fashion, and others are highly aggressive and lead rapidly to metastatic disease and death. The metastasizing potential, often described as a sequence of interrelated steps, involve 1) tumor cell adhesion to basement membranes, 2) degradation of basement membranes and underlying connective tissue stroma, and 3) migration of tumor cells through the destroyed stroma into blood and lymphatic vessels. Each of these processes involves the expression of molecular and biochemical factors identified with tumor cells. With better understanding of the molecular basis of these factors, novel prognostic and potential therapeutic agents can be generated and applied to the clinical arena.
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PMID:Biochemistry of human bladder tumor invasion. 178 97

A retrospective study was conducted in patients with bladder tumors equal to or higher than stage T1 to determine the influence on survival of tumor cell invasion of the microscopic lymphatic vessels of the bladder wall. Sixty-two patients were studied (34 recurrent and 28 primary tumors). Evidence of microscopic lymphatic invasion was disclosed following TUR (48 cases) and cystectomy (14 cases). Overall and with a mean follow up of 27 months, 25% of the patients are alive and tumor free, 51.6% had died from the tumor (90% less than 3 years following diagnosis). Forty-five percent had lymph node metastasis and 56.6% node and organ metastases. For a time interval of over 6 months between the diagnosis of L + and definitive treatment, there was an 80% mortality versus 43% when treatment was concurrent with diagnosis. Finally, survival was much better in patients submitted to radical surgery. We can conclude from the present study that evidence of tumor invasion of the lymphatic vessels must be routinely sought by the pathologist in order to identify those patients with a high probability of tumor dissemination.
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PMID:[Tumor embolization to the lymphatic vessel structures of the bladder wall (L+). Its effect on the course of bladder tumors]. 179 59

Serotonin-producing pancreatic endocrine tumours are rare neoplasms which in most cases exhibit malignant biological behaviour. These tumours, in the majority of the well-documented cases, are composed of argyrophil- and argentaffin-positive cells which contain large pleomorphic neurosecretory granules. In contrast, argyrophilic non-argentaffin pancreatic endocrine tumours with tumour cells containing round neurosecretory granules are exceptional. In this study we describe such a tumour not associated with clinical evidence of carcinoid syndrome in a 60-year-old woman. Histological examination revealed tumour extension in pancreatic lymphatic vessels and veins but no evidence of locoregional or distant metastases. Ten months after surgery the patient showed no recurrence of the disease. Immunohistochemistry revealed cytoplasmic serotonin production in the tumour cells which were negative for anti-gastrin, insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, pancreatic polypeptide (PP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and ACTH. This study emphasizes the usefulness of combined ultrastructural and immunohistochemical investigations in order to identify and characterize the rare pancreatic endocrine tumours with serotonin production.
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PMID:Serotonin-producing pancreatic endocrine tumour. Histological, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study of a case. 196 80

Merkel cells are clear oval cells in the epidermis and outer root sheaths of hair follicles, which are probably of epithelial origin, share ultrastructural features with neuroendocrine cells, and are found in association with touch receptors. In the eyelid, they occur singly in the epidermis and external root sheaths of hairs and eyelashes, and in specialized touch spots alternating with eyelashes. Their typical electron microscopical and antigenic features include dense-core granules, intranuclear rodlets, spinous processes, and a positive reaction for specific cytokeratins, epithelial membrane antigen, neuron-specific enolase, chromogranin and synaptophysin. Merkel cell carcinoma probably develops from precursor cells which give rise to keratinocytes and Merkel cells, and nearly one out of ten Merkel cell carcinomas occur in the eyelid and periocular region. They tend to be bulging lesions near the lid margin of elderly patients, reddish in color, and erythematous with telangiectatic vessels. The diagnosis is based on the frequent presence of neurofilaments and paranuclear aggregates of intermediate filaments in addition to features typical of normal Merkel cells. The tumor often mimics lymphoma or undifferentiated carcinoma and frequently invades lymphatic vessels. One third of Merkel cell carcinomas recur, almost two thirds give rise to regional node metastases, and up to one half metastasize widely and result in death. Initial treatment should be prompt and aggressive, with wide resection and routine postoperative irradiation. Although metastatic lesions often respond to radiation therapy and cytostatic drugs, these treatments are mainly of palliative value.
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PMID:The Merkel cell and associated neoplasms in the eyelids and periocular region. 227 47

The resected specimens of 24 consecutive patients, who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy for ampullary carcinoma from 1977 to 1986, were examined pathohistologically and the factors influencing survival were evaluated. According to the pTNM pathological classification, the 5-year survival at Stage I was 100%, at Stage II 64.8% and at Stage III 15%. Only one patient at Stage IV survived more than 5 years. These indicate that the localization of the tumor within the ampulla of Vater and lymph node metastases are worthwhile prognostic indicators. The other factors, such as shape of the tumor, invasion into the veins and lymphatic vessels in the primary lesion, and type of local extension were indicative of influencing survival, but without statistical significance. Tumor size, histological type, and the ratio of connective tissue included in the primary lesion did not correlate with survival.
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PMID:Pathological factors influencing survival of carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater. 234 13

Visceral pleural lesions in primary lung cancer were studied histopathologically in 102 autopsy cases. Pleural carcinomatosis was defined as the presence of cancer cells in the visceral pleura and/or pleural space. Ipsilateral and contralateral pleural carcinomatosis in the primary lung cancer were compared. They were found to be similar in that both were closely related with cancer cell infiltration of blood vessels in the lung parenchyma, lymphangiosis carcinomatosa in the lung parenchyma and multiple extrathoracic organ metastases. However, differences were observed. In the ipsilateral visceral pleura, cancer cells were thought to infiltrate the interstitium in the vascular layer of the visceral pleura from lymphatic vessels in the vascular layer of the visceral pleura with the following frequency; 3.6:8.52:6.52:1. In the contralateral visceral pleura, however, cancer cells were thought to infiltrate the interstitium in the vascular layer of the visceral pleura from lymphatic vessels in the vascular layer of the visceral pleura, the pleural space, the subpleural lung parenchyma and blood vessels in the vascular layer of the visceral pleura with the following frequency; 4:1.9:12.25:1. Disruption of the elastic layer of the visceral pleura was also studied. Twenty-eight of 66 pleural carcinomatosis cases showed no disruption of the elastic layer, and greater than 1-mm disruption was found in only 7 cases. The author thought that the disruption in these few cases was related to the manner of cancer-cell infiltration of the visceral pleura. When cancer cells spread to the visceral pleura from the lung parenchyma, they lost intercellular adhesiveness in four adenocarcinoma cases. Thus we suspected that cancer cells lost intercellular adhesiveness and became single cells or small cancer nests when infiltrating the visceral pleural from the lung parenchyma, and single cells or small cancer nests entered through the elastic layer of the visceral pleura. Therefore only small disruptions are found in the visceral pleura of pleural carcinomatosis cases.
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PMID:[A histopathological study of 102 autopsy cases of primary lung cancer with respect to pleural carcinomatosis]. 261 67

The invasive areas in 24 unselected human colorectal cancers were examined by light and electron microscopy and it was shown that the invasive process involves tubes of cells rather than single cells, that degenerative changes take place in specialized cells ahead of the invasive cancer cells and that the endothelium of the lymphatic vessels disintegrates, leaving gaps in the endothelial lining.
Clin Exp Metastasis
PMID:Mechanisms of invasion and lymphatic penetration in human colorectal cancer. 275 3

In 55 patients with medullary carcinoma of the breast follow-up data over an average period of 68.1 +/- 35.3 months were recorded. The histological slides of all tumors were retrospectively classified according to the same criteria. The parameters registered were: tumor-size, histological grading, receptor status, necrosis of tumor tissue, cellularity of the stroma, status of axillary nodes, reactive changes of axillary nodes and tumor invasion of lymphatic vessels. The importance of each parameter registered for disease-free survival and overall survival was calculated statistically using the log-rank-test. Of all parameters, only the nodal status of the axilla proved prognostically significant. Metastases of axillary nodes were demonstrable in only 31% of all MC. The incidence of nodal involvement proved to be less than in non medullary breast cancers. In 15 (27.3%) of the patients, progression of the tumor occurred. All women with distant metastases i.e. 12 (21.8%) died of the disease, whereas patients with only local recurrence of breast cancer are still alive. 72.7% of the patients showed relapse-free survival. Other parameters of proven prognostic value in breast cancers like receptor status and histological grading were of no relevance to the survival in MC. Prediction of prognosis depends on the correct classification of the tumor subgroup according to strict microscopical and macroscopical criteria.
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PMID:[Prognostic factors in medullary breast cancer]. 277 51


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