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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Starting from a consecutive series of 53 bronchographies performed under local anesthesia, in subjects with carcinoma of the lung ascertained by operation, the Authors analyse both the bronchographical aspects which most frequently come under the surgeon's observation, and the usefulness of this investigation in formulating the operating plan. As regards carcinomas of the large and medium bronchi, the bronchographic aspects they found most frequently are occlusion (82%) both in the form of sudden arrest and in the form of a cone image and stenosis (18%). In peripheral carcinomas, on the other hand, most characteristic bronchographic signs are identified as occlusion (58%) (amputation and stenosis) and dislocation (38%) with rigidity of one or more small calibre bronchi (rigid impairment). On the basis of their experience the Authors conclude that bronchography constitutes an almost indispensable examination for diagnostic purposes in malignant neoplasias, especially in the initial stage, when located outside the field of action of bronchoscopy, and can supply elements indispensable in the preoperative operatability judgement. In fact it not only gives very reliable information on the anatomical situation of the bronchus, as well as on the site and presumed starting-point of the neoplasia, but also supplies more approximate elements with regard to the extent of the neoplasia and any presence of lymphoglandular metastases.
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PMID:[Indications and limitations of bronchography in surgery of carcinoma of the lung]. 102 28

The cytopathology of 47 cases of metastatic carcinoma of the lung and of 28 cases of recurrent or metastatic bronchogenic carcinoma is reviewed. The diagnostic yield was better for recurrent than for metastatic carcinoma but overall was comparable to that of primary bronchogenic carcinomas. The metastatic tumors were located in all areas of the lung and included single as well as multiple lesions. The positive yield did not differ significantly in relation to any of the pathologic features but was somewhat higher if the metastases were large and centrally located. A definite differentiation of the metastatic tumors, usually adenocarcinomas, from new primary bronchogenic carcinomas is often possible particularly if the cytopathology can be compared with that of the primary lesion. Specific cytologic features include the relative lack of cohesion and the formation of columns in metastatic breast carcinomas, the formation of larger cohesive well circumscribed nodules composed of tall columnar cells in metastatic colon carcinomas, clear cell features in some metastatic adenocarcinomas of the kidney, and the small cell size and uniform, regular nuclear features in the often cytologically well differentiated metastatic carcinomas of the prostate.
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PMID:Sputum cytology of metastatic carcinoma of the lung. 106 47

In two patients with carcinoma of the lung, abnormal findings on skeletal imaging using 99mTc-diphosphonate correctly suggested the diagnosis of hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy, which was later confirmed radiographically. A scintigraphic pattern of abnormal tracer localization distinguishes this benign condition of bone from bony metastases.
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PMID:Detection of hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy of skeletal imaging with 99mTc-labeled diphosphonate. 111 Oct 6

Two cases are reported of primary carcinoma of the lung, presenting as tumors of the kidney. It was found that metastases to the kidney from the lung is frequent. It is recommended that in all cases of primary lung carcinoma the kidneys be examined for metastatic disease. If cancer is found and is treatable, the cure rate may be improved with early and aggressive treatment.
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PMID:Metastatic disease to kidney from lung. 111 64

Tumor cell survival characteristics were assessed following 60Co gamma-irradiation of the Lewis lung carcinoma as 500-cu mm s.c. tumors or as 0.5-cu mm (1 mm in diameter) pulmonary metastases. Cells in the small pulmonary tumors were markedly more radiosensitive (D0 = 106 rads; hypoxic fraction less than 0.005) than were those in large s.c. tumors (final D0, 315 rads; hypoxic fraction, 0.36). When pulmonary metastases were excised and irradiated intact under well-oxygenated conditions in vitro, the hypoxic fraction rose to 0.30. This implies that, under normal in situ conditions, these nodules contain a microvascular system that achieves adequate oxygen supply to the great majority of tumor cells. Thus, the tumor cells within these small metastatic implants were more sensitive to irradiation, largely due to better oxygenation, and may be more sensitive to chemotherapy, due to better drug availability.
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PMID:Tumor size dependency in the radiation response of the Lewis lung carcinoma. 114 47

Twenty-eight patients with inoperable or metastatic carcinoma of the lung who failed to respond to conventional chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy were entered in this study. All of them received repeated courses of multiple chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil, 6-thioguanine, methotrexate, and vincristine) with or without concurrent intravenous heparin anticoagulation. No tumor regression was noted in any of the 14 patients who received the multiple chemotherapy only. On the contrary, tumor progression was seen in all of them, and subsequently 12 died of their disease. The other 14 patients were anticoagulated with heparin, then received the same multiple chemotherapeutics while anticoagulated. Over 50% tumor regression was noted clinically and radiologically, and occasionally demonstrated histologically in 7 of them. Two patients in this group are alive and well for 1 1/2 years. No increase in toxicity or metastases was noted. The 2 patients who had progression of their disease while on the multiple chemotherapy program alone showed tumor regression when they received the same chemotherapy after heparinization.
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PMID:Heparin and chemotherapy in the management of inoperable lung carcinoma. 120 41

Among 308 patients with peripheral cancer of the lung in 132 patients (42.9%) tumor was found during fluorographic examination. The operability in these patients was higher, the size of the tumor was somewhat less, metastases in intrathoracic lymph nodes in radical surgery occurred more rarely. However, these differences were not significant enough to regard patients with asymptomatic peripheral cancer as being in a better condition, compared with those having a symptomatic disease. It is concluded that a fluorographic survey, as it is at present time, fails to reveal early form of peripheral lung carcinoma.
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PMID:[Diagnosis of cancer of a peripheral bronchus]. 121 85

The exact prevalence of the humoral syndromes associated with neoplasm is not known but it seems clear that they exist more commonly than is realized. Hormonal syndromes are very often seen in patients with carcinoma of the lung. Awareness of the large number of ectopic hormonal syndromes in patients with tumors can lead to early diagnosis, treatment, and herald recurrence. They may be responsible for new signs and symptoms which can be life-shortening. Hormonal causes of clinical deterioration must be considered before concluding that symptoms are due to metastases in patients with neoplastic disease. Tumors are chemically active and the important concept which has had great impact on the diagnosis, treatment, and basic understanding of mechanisms, which are important to endocrinologists and oncologists has been stated by Liddle: "Certain tumors of nonendocrine tissue can produce hormones that are similar to normal hormones except that their production is not appropriately controlled by normal physiologic mechanisms." Survival and quality of life can be reduced in patients with the metabolic complications of these humors. The list of humoral substances released by tumors is growing as technologic advances lead to their detection. Other chemical substances produced by neoplastic tissue may have biologic activity which impacts on the patient's clinical condition and which we cannot recognize, at this time, because the techniques to detect them have not been developed. If there are signs or symptoms of overproduction of a hormone, search for a tumor; if a patient has a tumor, search for biologically active substances.
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PMID:Humor manifestations of neoplasms. 123 83

The effects of Corynebacterium parvum on the mouse primary Lewis lung carcinoma and its metastases were studied. C. parvum was given at the same time as subcutaneous inoculation of tumour or in combination with surgical excision of the primary after 10 days' growth. When intravenous C. parvum was given at the same time as tumour there was a reduction in the primary tumour growth rate. There was a similar reduction in growth if the drug was given intravenously 7 days after tumour inoculation. Intraperitoneal and subcutaneous administration of C. parvum had no effect on the primary tumour. The number of pulmonary metastases were significantly reduced after intravenous or intraperitoneal C. parvum given at the same time as tumour. When C. parvum and surgery were combined and C. parvum was given not more than 2 days before operation there was only a slight reduction in metastases, but when the injection was given intravenously or intraperitoneally 3-4 days before operation the number of metastases was significantly reduced. Subcutaneous administration of C. parvum had little effect on metastases. There was no difference in the number of metastases in C. parvum-treated mice were killed after 21 or 28 days. C. parvum given on the same day as surgery was more effective if tumour excision was performed before day 10 when the metastases were less well established. It was concluded that in well-defined conditions C. parvum is effective against metastases of the Lewis lung carcinoma.
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PMID:The effects of Corynebacterium parvum and surgery on the Lewis lung carcinoma and its metastases. 127 61

A retrospective study was undertaken in 1990 of 188 patients with the diagnosis of non small cell carcinoma of the lung referred to the Department of Radiation Oncology in 1984. Most patients (178/188) received a course of radiotherapy. This was definitive in 23, palliative in 148 (primary site in 113, metastases in 16, primary plus metastases in 19) and postoperative in 7. This report is a 5 year followup of the 171 patients treated by radiation alone, to assess factors that influence survival. Tumour histology was 50% squamous, 23% adenocarcinoma, 16% large cell and 4% unspecified, non small cell carcinoma. In 8% no histological diagnosis was obtained. The most common symptoms were cough (44%), dyspnoea (43%), chest pain (37%), haemoptysis (33%) and systemic symptoms (36%). Tumour stage (TNM) was assessed retrospectively as I(5%), II(8%), IIIA(18%), IIIB(22%) and IV(28%). A subgroup of 31 cases (18%) of uncertain staging (I-III) was analysed separately and in 2 cases (1%) no staging information was available. Palliative intent of treatment and poorer performance status were related significantly to increasing stage of disease. The effects of palliative treatment were recorded in 79 cases; in 71 there was a reduction in symptoms. The median survival from diagnosis was 8 months (range < 1-72). Using univariate and multivariate analyses, significant and independent prognostic factors for improved survival were good performance status, absence of systemic symptoms, lower tumour stage and curative intent of treatment (higher radiation dose). However the 5-year survival was only 2%. Long-term survival was associated predominantly with early stage disease but not with the type or intent of treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Non small cell carcinoma of the lung. A retrospective study. Presented at the 41st annual meeting of the Royal Australasian College of Radiologists, September 1990, Perth. 128 99


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