Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Radionuclide scans are relatively accurate, non-invasive, diagnostic tools when used in patients with carcinoma of the lung with clinically suspected metastases. Their role as a screening or staging procedure in patients without signs or symptoms of metastases is less clear. Brain scans in asymptomatic patients have a low yield. Liver scans done in the absence of hepatomegaly or elevated liver function tests show a high per cent of false-negative and negative results. Bone scans appear to be of considerable value in patients with or without clinical evidence of metastases, in spite of limitations imposed by frequent false-positive results.
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PMID:Radionuclide scans in staging of carcinoma of the lung. 68 66

The third interim analysis of a prospective double-blind placebo-controlled trial with levamisole as an adjunct to surgery in resectable primary lung carcinoma is reported. The data show that a beneficial effect is clearly present in patients who weigh 70 kg or less but not in others; therefore, it would seem advisable to prescribe levamisole at a dosage of 2.5 mg/kg/day. In the adequately dosed patients, an almost complete elimination of distant metastases is found. The levamisole effect also seem more pronounced in patients who have a heavier tumor load at operation. The rationale for starting levamisole before surgery and for continuing thereafter is briefly discussed.
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PMID:Double-blind levamisole trial in resectable lung cancer. 79 81

Treatment of C57B1 mice with the methanol extraction residue fraction of killed tubercle bacilli (MER) shortly before or after surgical removal of a syngeneic implant of lung carcinoma 3LL reduced the incidence of spontaneous, fatally progressing pulmonary metastases in a large number of instances. Under certain conditions, the protective action of MER was pronounced and statistically significant. Small quantities of MER (0.2 mg) were optimally effective, when administered i.p. two days before or one day after excision of the initial implant.
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PMID:Effect of treatment with the methanol extraction residue fraction of killed tubercle bacilli (MER) on the development of spontaneous pulmonary metastases from syngeneic implants of tumor 3LL in C57B1 mice. 82 Jun 72

In view of the possible role of platelets and coagulation mechanisms in the growth and dissemination of solid tumors, a number of hematological parameters were followed during development of an experimental syngeneic tumor in mice, Lewis lung carcinoma. This tumor, when transplanted i.m. in C57BL/6 mice, grows locally and spontaneously metastasizes to the lungs. The transplanted animals survive for about 4 weeks. Metastases are visible from the third week. A slight but constant increase in plasma fibrinogen level and marked thrombocytopenia were first observed during the second week after tumor implantation. No other significant changes in coagulation and fibrinolysis parameters were detected. Moreover, the animals developed marked hemolytic anemia, possibly microangiopathic in origin. 125I-labelled fibrinogen survival was decreased by about 20% during the second week after tumor implantation and was not further reduced later. Fibrinogen turnover was progressively accelerated, being more than doubled by the end of the third week. Labeled fibrinogen accumulated in the primary tumor and in the lungs (its rate of disappearance from the tumor was much slower than that from lungs or blood). 51Cr-labeled platelet survival did not change throughout the observation period, whereas platelet turnover was markedly reduced from the end of the second week, suggesting defective platelet production. 51Cr-labeled RBC survival was drastically reduced to about 30% of the controls starting from the second week. The occurence of low-grade, localized intravascular coagulation could be suggested on the basis of these data. Moreover, when Lewis lung carcinoma cells were abruptly injected i.v. through the tall vein, more impressive signs of intravascular coagulation could be seen. Indeed, there was a rapid decrease in the number of platelets, a reduction in fibrinogen, and an increase in fibrin-fibrinogen degradation products. The effects of i.v. injection of Lewis lung carcinoma cells indicate a relevant interference of cancer cells with the hematostatic system. In contrast, the tenuous evidence fo coagulation disorders in animals receiving injections of tumor cells i.m. seems to indicate a limited effect on hemostasis of the same cells during i.m. tumor growth.
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PMID:Blood coagulation changes in mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma, a metastasizing tumor. 83 Apr 14

This brief historical data of a patient dying of severe hematemesis as a result of broncho-esophago-aortal fistula in primary pulmonary cavitating carcinoma is presented. It indicates that the elastic wall of the arteries even that of the aorta, is not a barrier to the penetration of the malignant cells. The neoplasm was in an advanced stage with gross vascular involvement but distant metastases did not occur even in microscopic examination. Liomyoma of the uterus was associated with lung carcinoma.
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PMID:Death due to gross vascular perforation by pulmonary carcinoma. 86 66

Forty-one patients with small cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix were evaluated and treated at the University of Kentucky Medical Center from 1962 to 1974. Eighteen patients (44%) developed widespread metastases and died of recurrent cancer within 2 years of therapy. Common sites of metastases included the lung, liver, and bone. There was a significantly lower incidence of lymphoplasmacytic infiltration in small cell cancers than the keratinizing or nonkeratinizing squanmous cell carcinomas of the cervix. In addition, there was a significant increase in the number of unstimulated regional lymph nodes in patients with small cell cancer when compared with the lymph nodes of patients with the other cell types of cervical cancer. These data suggest that small cell cancer of the cervix is a highly aggressive tumor similar to small cell carcinoma of the lung and behaves quite differently from other types of squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. Radiation therapy was superior to radical surgery in eradicating pelvic disease, but prospective studies need to be undertaken to determine the effect of adjunctive chemotherapy in patients with this rare tumor.
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PMID:Small cell cancer of the uterine cervix. 92 63

The possible advantages of a split-course of irradiation in the treatment of patients with locally advanced and/or inoperable carcinoma of the lung were explored in over 200 cases. The patients were separated into two groups with different prognostic factors: Group A, patients with well-differentiated tumors confined to the lung and mediastinum; and Group B, cases with anaplastic tumors and/or supraclavicular metastases, bone erosion, or superior venal caval syndrome. The treatment consisted of 5500-6000 rads tumor dose in 20 to 24 fractions over a period of 7 to 8 weeks with a rest interval of 2 to 4 weeks in the middle. The 3- and 5-year survival figures, 19% and 16%, respectively, in Group A cases, along with the excellent tolerance, suggest that the split-course approach has definite advantages.
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PMID:Radical irradiation with the split-course technique in carcinoma of the lung. 94 82

Gallium-67 citrate scanning was prospectively evaluated in 55 patients who had lung lesions suspected to be primary carcinoma on chest x-ray films and in whom subsequent histologic diagnosis was obtained. Of 47 patients with histologically proved carcinoma of the lung, 44 (94 per cent) had a positive 67Ga scan. No patient with a positive scan had a benign lesion, so that the positive scan accuracy rate was 100 per cent. All 8 patients with a benign lesion and 3 patients with a malignant lesion had negative scans, for a negative scan accurary rate of 72 per cent for benign lesions. These results give statistical validity for the usefulness of the 67Ga scan in diagnosing carcinoma of the lung (p less than 0.001). Tumor cell type had little effect on the sensitivity of 67Ga scan. The 67Ga scan was equally useful in the evaluation of peripheral and central lesions. There was little difference amount T1, T2, and T3 classified lesions in their ability to take up 67Ga. The 67Ga scan was competitive with mediastinoscopy in assessing mediastinal lymph node metastases and provides a noninvasive method of assessing hilar lymph node metastases. There was a good correlation between the clinical staging of patients with lung cancer based on a chest x-ray film and 67Ga scanning and the staging after surgical treatment based on the histology of the resected specimens.
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PMID:Gallium-67 scanning for carcinoma of the lung. 97 11

The growth and metastasis of transplanted Lewis lung carcinoma in C57BL/6J mice were inhibited by an ip injection of whole serum from Carcharhinus plumbeus, the sandbar shark. Tumors failed to develop in 69% of the animals inoculated with shark serum on days 0, 3, and 6 after tumor transplantation. Histologic examination of the tumor site at days 3 and 6 showed that tumor cells were pyknotic, and evidence of lysis of tumor cells and minor leukocytic infiltration existed. Tumor cells were not in tissue sections from day 15, and these animals still had no symptoms at day 216. The mean tumor volume of the remaining 31% of the treated animals was less than that of controls; they had a prolonged mean survival time, but ultimately they died from metastases, as did the controls. Urea- and hemoglobin-treated animals and those pretreated or intralesionally treated with shark serum were similar to the controls in both tumor kinetics and survival times.
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PMID:Inhibitory effect of shark serum on the Lewis lung carcinoma. 99 8

Noncurative excision of a primary sc Lewis lung tumor performed on Day 7 or later results in an increase in the thymidine index and growth rate with minimal changes in the cell cycle parameters of the lung metastases. The stimulation of the lung nodules is accompanied by a small but consistent decrease in median lifespan. Sham surgery performed on Day 3 or later also results in a decrease in median lifespan and an increase in the thymidine index of the undisturbed primary tumor. Artifical metastases (10(6) cells iv) are inhibited by the presence of a second (sc) implant and the median lifespan of the doubly implanted mice exceeds that of mice bearing iv implants only. In mice bearing widely metastasized Lewis lung carcinoma, surgery alone may have a detrimental effect on life expectancy, but the residual tumor foci, stimulated to more rapid growth, should be appropriate targets for adjuvant chemotherapy.
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PMID:Effects of surgery on the cell kinetics of residual tumor. 102 33


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