Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mycobacterial ribonucleic acid (RNA) and cell wall skeleton fraction isolated from H37Ra caused P-815 mastocytoma regression in DBA/2 mice provided the animals were presensitized with freshly harvested living H37Ra cells. In the absence of presensitization, only the RNA fraction inhibited. Cell wall skeleton fraction, under these conditions, stimulated tumor growth. Cell wall lipids (from H37Ra) added to H37Ra cell wall skeleton fraction did not increase the inhibitory activity of cell wall skeleton fraction alone. Mycobacterial RNA appeared to be an effective inhibitor of P-815 mastocytoma metastases as shown by (i) the inhibition of a second footpad lesion distant from the one treated and (ii) increase in survival time.
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PMID:Mycobacterial ribonucleic acid: comparison with mycobacterial cell wall fractions for regression of murine tumor growth. 82 69

In view of the possible role of platelets and coagulation mechanisms in the growth and dissemination of solid tumors, a number of hematological parameters were followed during development of an experimental syngeneic tumor in mice, Lewis lung carcinoma. This tumor, when transplanted i.m. in C57BL/6 mice, grows locally and spontaneously metastasizes to the lungs. The transplanted animals survive for about 4 weeks. Metastases are visible from the third week. A slight but constant increase in plasma fibrinogen level and marked thrombocytopenia were first observed during the second week after tumor implantation. No other significant changes in coagulation and fibrinolysis parameters were detected. Moreover, the animals developed marked hemolytic anemia, possibly microangiopathic in origin. 125I-labelled fibrinogen survival was decreased by about 20% during the second week after tumor implantation and was not further reduced later. Fibrinogen turnover was progressively accelerated, being more than doubled by the end of the third week. Labeled fibrinogen accumulated in the primary tumor and in the lungs (its rate of disappearance from the tumor was much slower than that from lungs or blood). 51Cr-labeled platelet survival did not change throughout the observation period, whereas platelet turnover was markedly reduced from the end of the second week, suggesting defective platelet production. 51Cr-labeled RBC survival was drastically reduced to about 30% of the controls starting from the second week. The occurence of low-grade, localized intravascular coagulation could be suggested on the basis of these data. Moreover, when Lewis lung carcinoma cells were abruptly injected i.v. through the tall vein, more impressive signs of intravascular coagulation could be seen. Indeed, there was a rapid decrease in the number of platelets, a reduction in fibrinogen, and an increase in fibrin-fibrinogen degradation products. The effects of i.v. injection of Lewis lung carcinoma cells indicate a relevant interference of cancer cells with the hematostatic system. In contrast, the tenuous evidence fo coagulation disorders in animals receiving injections of tumor cells i.m. seems to indicate a limited effect on hemostasis of the same cells during i.m. tumor growth.
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PMID:Blood coagulation changes in mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma, a metastasizing tumor. 83 Apr 14

The effect of the removal of estrogen stimulus on the growth and progression of hormone-dependent tumors in various organs in Nb strain rats was investigated. Withdrawal of estrogen usually brought about regression of the tumor and, in some cases, an increased survival period. However, resumption of treatment caused a hormone-dependent growth of any regressed tumor, though progression was observed in some cases. In cases of spontaneous regrowth, all types of tumors, excepting leiomyomas of the uterus, showed progression and usually became autonomous. In experiments with pellets containing a reduced level of estrone, it was possible to prevent advancing tumor growth yet reduce the extent of regression, and at the same time reduce the frequency or prevent the development of autonomous change. Paradoxically, progression toward autonomous growth was stimulated by regimes expected to halt tumor growth and minimized by procedures that were expected to stimulate it. Transplanted liver metastases of hormone-dependent adrenal carcinomas retained their hormone dependence, even though the donor metastases continued growth despite removal of estrogen influence. A theory is offered to explain the results.
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PMID:Hormonal control of growth and progression in tumors of Nb rats and a theory of action. 83 Apr 24

Strain-2 male guinea pigs with established intradermal (id) tumors and microscopic regional lymph node metastases were treated by systemic transfer of syngeneic peritoneal exudate (PE) cells from tumor-immune guinea pigs. This treatment produced complete regressions of established id tumor nodules (10-11 mm in diameter) and prevented the growth of lymph node metastases in 32 (80%) of the 40 treated animals. All untreated animals died with progressive id and lymphatic tumor growth. Lymph node tumor metastases that remained after id tumor excision were also suppressed by immune cell transfer. PE cells from guinea pigs immune to an antigenically distinct tumor line (line-1), BCG, or PE cells from nonimmune guinea pigs failed to produce tumor regression or prolongation of survival time. PE cells from allogeneic guinea pigs and from sheep immune to line-10 failed to transfer tumor immunity to strain-2 guinea pigs. The effectiveness of therapy was reduced by increasing the tumor burden or decreasing the number of transferred lymphoid cells. This study demonstrated that systemic transfer of cells from syngeneic immune donors could effectively eliminate tumors as well as early metastases.
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PMID:Regression of established intradermal tumors and lymph node metastases in guinea pigs after systemic transfer of immune lymphoid cells. 85 26

16 patients with cutaneous or subcutaneous melanoma recurrence on an extremity were treated with regional perfusion with Melphalan. 18 perfusions were performed on 15 patients with stage II disease, that is with tumor growth restricted to an extremity including possible regional node metastases. All patients except two had new recurrences within the observation time. However, many of the patients had been treated surgically for recurrences once or several times previously. By comparing the length of the recurrence-free period following surgery alone with that following surgery plus perfusion in the same patients it was shown that perfusion treatment gave a significant extension of the recurrence-free time. Four perfusions were performed on patients in stage III, that is those with distant metastases. These perfusions gave a moderate or good temporary palliation as regards to tumor growths on the extremity. The traditional treatment for melanoma recurrences on an extremity has been surgical excision or less often amputation. An analysis of the literature shows that perfusion, usually combined with excision, seems to give definitely better results than surgical excision alone. There is evidence to suggest that perfusion treatment is even superior to amputation as regards survival; if so an immunological mechanism might be responsible for this effect.
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PMID:The effect of regional perfusion treatment on recurrent melanoma of the extremities. 85 20

150 cases of prostate cancer treated with estrogens at the Urology clinic of the Hotel-Dieu from 1963 to 1974 are presented. The men ranged in age from 50 to 91; the majority were 60-69 years. Their clinical stages were 29% Stage 1, no perceptible mass; 43% Stage 2, nodule felt on rectal exam; 13% Stage 3, tumor extended outside the prostate but not metastases, normal prostatic phosphatases; and 15% Stage 4, elevated prostatic phasphatases and metastases. Diagnosis was by urinary symptoms in Stage 2 or above, rectal palpation, and puncture biopsy under local anesthesia. Estrogen treatment consisted of diethylstilbestrol, stilbelstrol diphosphate or TACE (Chlorotraianisene), or estradiol. Estrogen side effects were loss of libido after 1 month, gynecomastia, and nausea. Other treatments included prostatectomy in Stages 1 and 2, cobalt in 5 cases, castration in 3 cases, 1 endo-uretral resection, and 1 hypophysectomy. 50% died in 1 year and 16% were lost to follow up and presumed dead in 1 year; the mean survival of the others was 3 years. Estrogen therapy improved symptoms and reversed tumor growth temporarily in hormone-dependent cancers, but these tumors all escape hormone control eventually.
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PMID:[Course of prostate cancer under estrogen therapy]. 87 31

115 samples of the rectum were investigated after radical operation for its cancer. In 61 samples its intramural distribution was studied by means of transverse section of the rectum distally to tumor as well as the involvement of regional lymph nodes, cellular tissue and sphincter muscles. The preferential direction of tumor invasion in different stages of cancer growth is a "perpendicular" tumor growth. In 6 samples the spread of distal intramural growth exceeds 2 cm and in 1 sample -- 6cm. No sphincter involvement was noted. Regional metastases were found in 37 per cent of observations. Retrograde metastases were detected in 3 samples. In 7 of 15 samples with total proliferation of the rectal wall tumor elements were detected in peripheral cellular tissue "perpendicularly" above the tumor. The problem of the adequate extent of the operation should be solved taking into account the tumor site, histological structure, limits of intramural and extramural growth and tumor size.
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PMID:[Importance of morphological studies for precise determination of the limits of local spread of rectal cancer]. 87 99

We have studied how the presence of cell aggregates affects the pattern of intravenously induced "experimental metastases" from two syngeneic murine tumors. Aggregates were produced mechanically by centrifugation, or chemically by a lectin (wheat-germ agglutinin). Compared to well-dissociated suspensions, aggregated suspensions tended to give a greater total metastasis volume in the lungs of recipient mice. Disaggregated suspensions, on the other hand, gave rise to more extrapulmonary metastases. Presumably, aggregates are preferentially retained in lung vessels, while single cells are let through to other sites. Nor are aggregates superior to single cells in producing tumor growth when the total metastasis yield is considered.
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PMID:Effect of cell aggregation on intravenous tumor transplantation. 87 75

Experiments were designed to assess 1) relative immunity after adoptive transfer of spleen cells or serum from tumor-bearing mice to untreated syngeneic mice, and 2) the degree of tumor-specific transplantation immunity imparted by cells or serum relative to tumor size and the presence of metastases in the donor at the time of spleen cell or serum transfer or after in situ necrosis of the primary tumor by cryosurgery in a CDF1-sarcoma system. Viable lymphoid spleen cells or serum from normal mice had no effect on tumor growth. Serum from mice that had large tumors and gross metastases induced a protective effect similar to that found after cryosurgery of the primary tumor. Serum from mice with small tumors and spleen cells from animals bearing either small or large tumors failed to induce immunity consistently. In no instance did serum from tumor-bearing mice induce enhancement of tumor growth.
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PMID:Transfer of tumor-specific immunity with syngeneic spleen cells and serum from mice that have large tumors and metastases. 90 74

In both isogeneic (Sarcoma 1 in A/JAX mice) and allogeneic (Sarcoma 180 in C57BL/6 mice) mouse tumor systems, treatment of the tumor-bearing mice with niridazole, an antiprarasitic drug, known to be a potent suppressor of cell mediated but not humoral immunity caused enhancement of metastases to regional popliteal nodes. Niridazole also inhibited tumor growth in vivo, as manifested by a significant decrease in the weight of the primary tumors. The enhancement of metastases is attributed to the suppression of cell-mediated immunity by the drug, but the mechanism of tumor-growth inhibition is not yet clear.
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PMID:Effects of the immunosuppressive drug niridazole in isogeneic and allogeneic mouse tumor systems in vivo. 97 80


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