Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Platinum-based chemotherapy has been used to treat head and neck cancer for approximately 15 years. For patients with recurrent disease, cisplatin/5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and carboplatin/5-FU combinations have proved superior to single agents in producing higher overall response rates. However, survival rates are not substantially affected, indicating a need to identify alternative new agents with activity. Newly diagnosed patients with advanced stages III and IV disease generally have a poor prognosis. The most common site of failure and cause of death is locoregional recurrence. To improve survival and alter patterns of failure in this population, platinum-based chemotherapy regimens have been combined with surgery or radiotherapy as initial curative treatment. Cisplatin/5-FU chemotherapy in this setting is effective in significantly reducing the incidence of distant metastases as shown in several randomized trials. The sole indication for induction chemotherapy in patients with advanced laryngeal cancer is as an alternative to laryngectomy. The Department of Veterans Affairs Laryngeal Cancer Study Group trial demonstrated no significant differences in survival in patients who received induction cisplatin/5-FU and radiotherapy or total laryngectomy and postoperative radiotherapy. An alternative approach utilizing cisplatin or carboplatin alone or combined with 5-FU, administered simultaneously with radiotherapy, is under investigation. Pilot data suggest that this approach may be more effective in improving locoregional control and hence survival. Three intergroup prospective, randomized trials currently are comparing sequential chemoradiotherapy, simultaneous chemoradiotherapy, and standard radiotherapy alone in advanced nasopharyngeal cancer, advanced resectable laryngeal cancer, and unresectable cancers from other sites in the head and neck. These trials are designed to definitively address questions of treatment modality sequence and its impact on pattern of failure and survival.
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PMID:Overview of platinum chemotherapy in head and neck cancer. 752 91

The results of serum gamma-GT activities of 36 laryngeal cancer patients, were compared with that of 40 patients of benign group and 61 normal persons of control group, the difference between the first group and the other two groups is statistically significant (P < 0.01), whereas the difference between the later two groups shows no significance (P > 0.05), so measuring the serum gamma-GT activity is a simple and useful method for laryngeal cancer diagnosis. By following up 9 laryngeal cancer patients, the results indicated that measuring serum gamma-GT activity at regular intervals after treatment is a simple and useful method for observing the therapeutic effect, and for monitoring tumor recurrence or metastases.
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PMID:[Research of serum gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase in laryngeal cancer diagnosis and prognosis]. 771 97

In this study we used the method of immunohistochemistry (ABC method) to examine antigen A, B, H and T expression in laryngeal cancer tissue and their clinical significance. Results showed that disappearance of antigen A, B, H was related to patient's prognosis and cancer cell differentiation. Antigen T revealed powerful expression in patients with cervical lymph node metastases. This index can help diagnosing subclinical metastases of the cervical lymph node.
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PMID:[Several blood group antigens expressions in laryngeal cancer tissue and their clinical significance]. 774 21

The authors report a series of cardio-pericardial metastases presenting acutely with tamponade. There were 14 men and 9 women with an average age of 39 years. The primary tumour was mainly bronchial in the men (5 cases: 20.8%) and breast (3 cases: 16.6%) or uterine (4 cases: 16.6%) in the women. The other malignancies were blood dyscrasias (5 NHL and 1 MHL) one pericardial mesothelioma, one Schwannoma, one Ewing's sarcoma and one carcinoma of the larynx. The primary tumour was not found in one case. Echocardiography showed a large, circumferential pericardial effusion in all cases and compressing the right heart chambers (RA and/or RV) in half the cases. Rounded echogenic masses implanted on the pericardial membranes (2 cases) or images of false membranes (10 cases) were also demonstrated. The clinical emergency led to pericardiocentesis with surgical drainage in 5 cases. A pleuro-pericardial window was fashioned in 4 cases. The effusion was important in all cases and bloody in 75% of cases. Cytology of the pericardial liquid was positive for malignant cells in 1 out of 2 cases. The diagnosis was made after death in 3 cases. The other biopsies, bronchial, lymph node, pleural and bone marrow also provided valuable diagnostic information. Undifferentiated carcinoma was found in 75% of bronchial carcinomas. In all three breast tumours, the histology showed moderately well differentiated adenocarcinoma. The authors underline the paucity of therapeutic measures: at this stage, pericardiocentesis is almost the only procedure apart from the cases of haemopathy. Some authors have suggested radiotherapy of the precordial region and others, intrapericardial chemotherapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Cardiac tamponade disclosing neoplasm: apropos of 23 cases]. 777 78

The purpose of this study is to find out the biological feature of laryngeal cancer and metastatic lymph nodes with DNA Image Analysis, Argyrophilic Nucleolar Organizer Region (AgNOR), Carcinoembryonic Antigen (EA) and Estrogen Receptor (ER) 30 patients were included in this study. It was found that carcinomatous tissues showed a statistically significantly higher DNA content, AgNOR content, and positive reaction of CEA and ER than those of normal tissue (P < 0.01). Paired comparisons were performed in primary tumor and metastases and didn't show statistical difference (P > 0.05). The group with survival time over 5 years had a significantly lower DNA content, AgNOR content, CEA positive reaction of metastases and higher ER positive reaction of metastases than those with less than 5 years survival (P < 0.01). But there no was consistant relationship between primary tumor CEA or ER positive reaction and survival time (P > 0.05). The patients who accepted radiotheraphy had better prognosis than those who didn't (P < 0.05). The above results indicate that the combined analysis of metastases and primary tumor will provide a good feature for biological activity. In addition, radiotherapy before and after operation will be beneficial.
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PMID:[Biological study on prognosis of laryngeal carcinoma with regional metastatic lymph nodes]. 780 26

The aim of the paper is to present the surgical methods applied in a 76 year old patient treated for carcinoma of the larynx. As an effect of the carried out total laryngectomy, extensive pharyngeal fistula occurred. The fistula was closed with myocutaneous flap which was pedunculated on double reversed pectoral major muscle. Due to lymphatic metastases surgical dissection of lymphatic system of the left side of the neck was performed 2 years after laryngectomy. During this operation the left common cervical artery was removed (Goretex graft). Next-cobaltotherapy was applied. After following 2 years the skin necrosis just over the flap occurred. It was caused by shirt collar pressure. Because of the major bleeding common cervical artery was oligated. During this procedure the frontal wall of the oesophagus was damaged and again pharyngeal fistula appeared. Attempts at closing it with flaps pedunculated on pectoral major muscle and trapezius muscle did not succeed. Finally fistula was closed with cylindric flap from the abdomen connected with the cutaneous flap from surrounding fistula tissues. Following recognition of this illness the patient had undergo nine consecutive, extensive operations. Ten years after diagnosis he is still alive and leads a life appropriate to his age.
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PMID:[Laryngeal cancer: postop complications and possibilities of their correction]. 780 46

In 21 patients with T3, T4 pharyngo-laryngeal cancer circumferential resection with immediate reconstruction using a free revascularized jejunal autograft was performed. In 13 cases the jejunal reconstruction was successful. In patients previously not irradiated the rate of success was 75% and in irradiated ones 37.5%. Five patients survived more than 5 years: one more than 7, two more than 6 and one more than 5. One patient with an unsuccessful jejunal graft and with subsequent skin reconstruction survived more than 6 years. The causes of failure were:-irreversible spasm of the arteries in 2 cases, skinking of the vessels resulting in flap necrosis in flap necrosis in 2 cases, -necrosis due to widespread atherosclerosis of the cervical arteries in 3 cases and of an unknown cause in 1 case. The cause of death was: widespread metastases in 12 cases, C.V.A. in 1 case, road traffic accident in 1 case, complications of the ileus in 1 case and carotid artery haemorrhage in 1 case. One of the successful patients was irradiated postoperatively, because the pathology report stated there was incomplete resection, and survived more than 6 years with no disturbance of swallowing. In general 10 patients died in the first year, 4 in the second, 1 in the third and 1 in the fourth--without any signs of recurrence. The five year survival of 24% in the presented group is relatively high in comparison with the generally accessible data for T3, T4 hypopharyngeal carcinoma treated by any of the usual methods.
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PMID:[The latest results of the advanced hypopharyngeal cancer surgery with immediate reconstruction using the free jejunal autograft]. 797 Jul 59

Laryngectomy has been performed as first-line treatment in 23 patients with laryngeal cancer stage III-IV. The author has modified the final stage of the surgery: laryngeal defect suturing with a continuous suture and the wound drainage. Two patients were operated on radically. Five-year follow-up covered 3, 3-year one 15 patients. None of them had recurrence or metastases. Healing by first intention was observed in 74% of the patients. It is inferred that laryngectomy is effective as an initial stage of combined treatment of laryngeal cancer stage III-IV. The modification of the surgery final stage reduces the frequency of postoperative complications in the absence of inflammation in the tissues adjacent to tracheostoma.
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PMID:[Experience with radical resection of the larynx in stage III - IV cancer]. 800 69

Abnormal DNA content of cancer cells in a primary tumor is thought to reflect the altered proliferative capacity of that cancer and overall patient prognosis. Recently, increased DNA content has been associated with early tumor recurrence in patients with advanced laryngeal cancer. To determine if DNA content correlates with a tumor's metastatic behavior, 94 previously untreated patients with stage III (n = 54) or stage IV (n = 40) squamous carcinoma of the larynx were prospectively studied. The adjusted DNA index (aDI) of the primary tumor was measured by computerized cytomorphometry, and correlations with regional metastases, number of positive nodes, extracapsular spread, and pattern of relapse were determined. Median follow-up was 35 months. Of 94 patients, 73 underwent neck dissection. Positive nodes were found in 51 patients (70%) and three or more positive nodes were found in 31 patients (42%). High aDI (> .024) was significantly associated with the presence and number of histologically positive nodes (P = .016). Among patients with high aDI, 19 (50%) of 38 had three or more nodes positive compared to 12 (21%) of 56 of those with low aDI. Median aDI levels in patients with three or more nodes were significantly higher than in patients with 1 or 2 nodes (P = .003). Time to recurrence was shorter in patients with high aDI (P = .0078). These findings provide further evidence that increased DNA content is associated with more aggressive laryngeal cancers having high rates of multiple lymph node metastases and worse overall prognosis.
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PMID:DNA content and regional metastases in patients with advanced laryngeal squamous carcinoma. Department of Veterans Affairs Laryngeal Study Group. 816 89

Operations were carried out on 94 patients with pulmonary metastases at the Cologna University Clinic from 01.01.1980 to 31.12.1991. The prevailing primary tumors which metastasized to the lungs were sarcomas (24.5%, 23 cases), carcinoma of the kidneys (22.3%, 21 cases), malignant melanomas (19.1%, 18 cases), carcinoma of the large intestine (15.9%, 15 cases), and carcinoma of the testes and ovaries (10.6%, 10 cases). Metastasis to the lung from an esophageal tumor was encountered in one case, from the contralateral lung in one case, from a malignant thymoma in one case, and from carcinoma of the larynx in one case. Metastases of carcinoma of the mouth floor were encountered in 3 cases. The metastases were removed by atypical wedge resection in 71 cases, by lobectomy in 22 cases, and by segmental resection in one case. Postoperative mortality was 1.1%. Average survival for all groups of patients was as follows: one year 60%, 3 years 40%, 5 years 38.3%.
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PMID:[Surgery of lung metastasis]. 817 76


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