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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We describe four patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma and cerebral metastases. Cerebral metastases are still an infrequent occurrence in this malignancy but, as treatment for ovarian cancer produces more long-term survivors, such uncommon patterns of spread may become more frequent. Part of a future successful cure for this disorder may require the recognition of the central nervous system as a potential sanctuary site for metastatic disease.
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PMID:Cerebral metastases from epithelial ovarian carcinoma. 295 68

Metastatic choriocarcinoma can present in bizarre fashions. Two cases with primary neurological presentations are reviewed. Cerebral metastases in choriocarcinoma generally denote a poor prognosis. However, in solitary metastases in the brain, craniotomy and excision followed by chemotherapy may be curative as illustrated by the following two cases. The first patient was diagnosed to have brain metastases 1 1/2 years after an evacuation of her molar pregnancy while the other patient developed cerebral choriocarcinoma 5 months following a spontaneous first trimester abortion. Both presented with neurological symptoms. Both patients are alive and well now, 9 and 5 years respectively after craniotomy and chemotherapy. A brief review of current considerations in the management of cerebral metastases in gestational trophoblastic disease is presented.
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PMID:Metastatic cerebral choriocarcinoma with primary neurological presentation. 334 55

The metastatic pattern is described in 75 cases of malignant melanoma coming to autopsy over a 30-year period. Skin primaries were identified in 62 of them. Males outnumbered females in this, as in other autopsy studies. Metastases to lungs, liver and bone were interrelated and associated with further dissemination. Cerebral metastases occurred more often in initially localized lesions and were associated with few other metastases. It is stressed that detailed examination of the brain at autopsy is needed to identify cerebral involvement, and that brain scans may be indicated particularly in patients with seemingly localized primaries to identify latent cerebral involvement.
Invasion Metastasis 1987
PMID:Metastatic distribution in malignant melanoma. A 30-year autopsy study. 367 40

Cerebral metastases appear frequently and necessitate therapeutic measures. The authors report the incidence and particularities as well as the different modes of formation of metastases in the central nervous system. Surgical procedure should be carried out in case of favorable solitary metastases, young patients, and unknown primary tumors. Radiotherapy, which has proved for 30 years to be a valuable treatment method, has to be applied in a modified form in every case. Furthermore, the possibilities of chemotherapy should be studied and applied in a more intensive manner than hitherto. The chance of a one-year survival time is 22 to 44% for those patients presenting with an easily operable tumor. For the total group of radiotherapy patients suffering from various tumor types and generalized metastases, this rate is between 12% and 16%. Despite the short survival times, one should not forget that radiotherapy can produce many successful long-term results in case of cerebral metastases. Therapeutic nihilism is not the right attitude towards this problem.
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PMID:[Radiation oncologic considerations on the treatment of cerebral metastases and personal experiences with 140 cases]. 388 46

In a 57-year-old male patient meningitic symptoms occurred. CSF cytology exhibited carcinoma cells, thus establishing the diagnosis of carcinomatous meningeosis. The primary site of the tumor or metastases were not detected intra vitam. The autopsy revealed a malignant thymoma with an exclusive metastatic participation of the leptomeninges except for some few regional lymph nodes. Cerebral metastases of malignant thymoma is an extremely rare condition.
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PMID:Carcinomatous meningeosis as exclusive metastasizing pattern in a malignant thymoma. 405 Mar 48

A case of 14-year-old girl is reported in whom an alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma occurred in the soft tissues of the left forearm 4 years prior to death. Despite extensive surgery as well as chemotherapy and radiotherapy the tumor recurred locally and produced extensive metastases including a metastasis to the brain. Cerebral metastases have not yet been reported in the literature despite extensive reports on the pathology of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. The morphological diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma was supported by the immunohistochemical demonstration of desmin, myosin, and myoglobin in the tumor cells.
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PMID:Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma in a young female patient metastasizing to the brain. 405 Mar 50

Chemotherapy for metastatic melanoma was performed in 80 consecutive evaluable patients. DTIC, BCNU and CCNU produced responses in 28% of patients, alone or in combination with each other. Three of 62 patients treated with DTIC remain free of tumor, off therapy at 18-36 months following objective regression of metastases. Chemotherapy with commercially available drugs continued to be uniformly unsuccessful. DTIC was used successfully in treatment of extensive extracranial disease, including one patient with metastatic melanoma during pregnancy. Cerebral metastases were the sole or major cause of death in 8/9 patients who relapsed following control with DTIC for nine months or longer, and one patient developed a carcinoma of the breast following therapy with DTIC and BCNU. Remission was induced in two patients with intralesional BCG, after prior attempts to control metastases with DTIC and combination chemotherapy.
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PMID:Chemotherapy of malignant melanoma with dimethyl traizeno imidazole carboxamide (DITC) and nitrosourea derivatives (BCNU, CCNU). 460 84

Cerebral and meningeal metastases are increasingly important complications in small cell anaplastic carcinoma of the lung. In a study at this institution, 60 evaluable patients received intensive chemotherapy without prophylactic cranial irradiation or other prophylactic measures. The complete plus partial remission rate was 78 percent with a median survival of 49+ weeks (range eight to 106+ weeks) for those with a complete response and 18+ weeks (range six to 67 weeks) for those with a partial response, all of which are comparable to other reported series. In 11 patients (18 percent) meningeal carcinomatosis has developed. Forty-two percent of the patients with a relapse have exhibited meningeal carcinomatosis and in 27 percent of the patients with a relapse it was the only site of relapse. Cerebral metastases occurred in 27 percent of those who had a relapse, and in 12 percent this was the sole site of relapse. Simultaneous meningeal carcinomatosis and cerebral metastases occurred in 8 percent of the patients with a relapse. The median time to meningeal relapse was 27 weeks (range 12 to 60 weeks) compared with 25+ weeks (six to 106+ weeks) over-all, and the median survival was 28 weeks (range 14 to 82 weeks) compared with 25+ weeks (two to 106+ weeks) for the whole group with small cell carcinoma of the lung. Meningeal involvement in small cell carcinoma of the lung must now be considered a sanctuary site of equal importance to cerebral metastases. To prevent and treat this complication will necessitate evaluation of all available modalities, including cranial and spinal irradiation, intrathecal chemotherapy and systemic agents that readily cross the blood-brain barrier.
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PMID:Meningeal carcinomatosis in small cell carcinoma of the lung. 626 85

This study examines 5-S-cysteinyldopa, which is a melanoma-associated marker, and sialic acid whose increase appears to be a common feature of numerous cancers. In spite of some interferences due to sun exposure, 5-S-cysteinyldopa seems a significant indicator of metastases; the difference between 46 metastasis-negative and 34 metastasis-positive melanomas is significant at P less than 0.001. Cerebral metastases give little or no increase. In contrast with the 75% of patients who keep normal 5-S-cysteinyldopa excretion, all melanoma patients have elevated sialic acid. No difference occurs between glycoprotein carbohydrates of controls and patients after pronase digestion and con A chromatography. The use of those two parameters in association is proposed to have a proper index of tumor burden or success of therapy.
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PMID:Urine excretion of 5-S-cysteinyldopa and serum sialic acid as tumor markers in human melanomas. 641 38

Two hundred seventy-five cranial computed tomography (CT) scans performed on 179 patients with malignant melanoma were reviewed. Of the 101 patients with confirmed cerebral metastases, CT demonstrated lesions in 93. In 72% of these, areas of increased attenuation were present in the precontrast scan. These lesions also enhanced after contrast infusion. There was a direct correlation between the extent of bleeding in the neoplasm and the density of the metastasis, at least 20% red blood cells per high power field were consistently present within lesions of increased attenuation. Cerebral metastases were occasionally associated with subdural or intracranial hemorrhage. Meningeal melanomatosis was recognized by CT only when associated with adjacent parenchymal metastases. In nine (11%) of 74 patients without clinical evidence of brain involvement, CT revealed cerebral metastases; this suggests that a staging CT scan might be useful on patients with diffuse or advanced local extracranial disease prior to definitive therapy.
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PMID:Cranial computed tomography of malignant melanoma. 677 62


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