Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two hundred thirty patients with differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid gland received definitive treatment at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute (MDAH), Houston, from January 1960 through December 1975. Two thirds of these patients were women, and 127 of these female patients (55%) had not had any previous treatment. The mean follow-up period was 11.8 years. The vast majority of patients (80%) had mixed papillary and follicular cancers; 104 patients were seen with cervical metastases. Overall absolute survival was 72.6%. The prognosis was more favorable in the female patients and those persons who were treated solely at MDAH. In 4.4% of those patients treated with a total thyroidectomy, the cancer recurred locally. Of those whose operation was only a lobectomy, local recurrence developed in 10.7%. Several adverse prognostic factors were identified in this group of patients. This analysis would suggest the need for a more selective approach to the surgical treatment of this disease. Differentiated cancer of the thyroid gland affects a heterogeneous group of patients and also appears with varied clinical and anatomic manifestations.
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PMID:The treatment of differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid gland. Selective management? 663 42

Three instances of Hashimoto's thyroiditis occurring in association with carcinoma of the thyroid gland are presented. Diagnosis was made by open surgical biopsy, revealing one papillary, one follicular and one mixed papillary-follicular carcinoma. Total thyroidectomy was performed and TSH suppressive therapy was administered postoperatively. All patients are alive with no evidence of local recurrence or distant metastases observed during five to 13 years of follow-up study. In our series, three of 18 patients had coexistent carcinoma of the thyroid gland and Hashimoto's disease. This figure is lower than the 25 per cent incidence of carcinoma of the thyroid gland in noninflammatory goiters observed at the same hospital. Although the number of patients is small, Hashimoto's thyroiditis does not seem to be a premalignant lesion and should not be treated by total thyroidectomy. A review of the literature points out that clinical, biochemical and radioactive scan findings in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis do not aid in differentiating between glands with or without coexistent carcinoma of the thyroid gland unless the goiter is uninodular and cold on the radioiodine scan. The prognosis of patients with carcinoma of the thyroid gland occurring in association with Hashimoto's disease is probably better than that of patients with carcinoma of the thyroid gland alone. It seems that the presence of the chronic inflammatory reaction may suppress growth and metastatic dissemination of the coexistent neoplasm of the thyroid gland.
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PMID:Coexistent carcinoma of the thyroid gland and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. 668 83

Malignant struma ovarii is a very rare tumor, consisting of a struma ovarii with malignant change. Only 17 examples with metastases have previously been reported. We present a case which involved both ovaries and produced multiple metastases. Microscopy and ultrastructure were identical to a mixed papillary and follicular carcinoma of the thyroid gland. Characteristic ultrastructural features of malignant struma ovarii are: microvilli on the surface and in the cytoplasmatic vacuoles; oncocytic transformation of cytoplasm of some cells; and presence of electron dense, granular and crystalline material (colloid) in the follicles and vacuoles. The patient's thyroid was normal. We conclude that malignant struma ovarii can only be diagnosed wheb a carcinoma arising in the thyroid gland can be excluded. Ultrastructure examination may provide useful diagnostic features separating malignant struma ovarii from strumal carcinoid and serous adenocarcinoma.
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PMID:Malignant struma ovarii. Light and electron microscopic study. 682 20

We recently encountered an unusual carcinoma of the thyroid gland with a predominantly medullary pattern admixed with areas of follicular differentiation. Both patterns prevailed at the primary site and in bilateral cervical lymph node metastases. The tumor cells were stained for calcitonin by indirect immunofluorescence technique and were found to contain dense-core granules by electron microscopy. Calcitonin was demonstrated in tumor homogenates by radioimmunoassay and was elevated in the serum. Immunofluorescence staining also revealed thyroglobulin in the neoplastic cells. Moreover, following total thyroidectomy, the cervical node metastases concentrated radioactive iodine (131I), and serum thyroglobulin was increased at one stage of the disease when measured by radioimmunoassay. These findings are discussed in the light of the dual embryonic derivation of the thyroid gland.
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PMID:Carcinoma of the thyroid with a mixed medullary and follicular pattern: morphologic, immunohistochemical, and clinical laboratory studies. 704 49

A case is described of thyroid carcinoma presenting as renal metastases 37 years after initial resection of the primary. Thyroid carcinoma metastatic to the kidney detected during life is rare, only 2 cases having been reported to date. An additional feature of this case is that the patient had donated the contralateral kidney for transplantation before discovery of the metastases. Metastatic thyroid carcinoma is reviewed and the implication of organ donation in patients with thyroid carcinoma is discussed.
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PMID:Follicular carcinoma of the thyroid metastatic to the kidney 37 years after resection of the primary tumor. 705 78

Radionuclide imaging with Tc-99m-pertechnetate in a patient with a mixed papillary-follicular carcinoma of the thyroid gland showed evidence of increased radioactivity at sites of functioning metastases. The use of Tc-99m-pertechnetate as well as I-131 for imaging in search of functioning thyroid metastases is discussed.
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PMID:Tc-99m-pertechnetate scanning in metastatic thyroid carcinoma: a case report. 721 73

Plasma thyroglobulin (Tg) was determined by radioimmunoassay in 219 patients with differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid gland after treatment by total thyreoidectomy and at least 2 131I therapies with a total of 170 mC. Of 145 patients without residual thyroid tissue and a negative whole body scan, 6 patients exhibited significant Tg levels. It remains unclear whether these individuals will develop recurrency later on. Of 23 patients with proven metastases, 14 had extremely high Tg concentrations of greater than 1000 ng/ml. In 6 cases Tg was between 20 and 280 ng/ml and in 3 individuals Tg levels below 10 ng/ml were measured. The reason for low Tg concentrations in some patients with proven metastases is unknown. At present plasma Tg measurements therefore cannot be recommended as substitution for whole body scanning. However, plasma Tg is an important additional parameter in the follow-up of patients with differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid.
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PMID:[The value of serum thyroglobulin determination in the after-care of patients with differentiated thyroid neoplasms]. 736 Oct 86

The sinonasal tract in general and the maxillary antrum in particular are uncommon sites for primary or metastatic tumors. Recently a woman had severe left posterior epistaxis. Hemorrhagic thyroid tissue was in the left maxillary sinus. The patient also had roentgenographic and scintigraphic evidence suggestive of thyroid tissue in her lungs and spine. Sixteen years previously she had undergone a partial lobectomy for a thyroid tumor. Reports of metastatic thyroid carcinoma in the maxillary, ethmoid, or sphenoid sinuses apparently have not appeared previously in the literature. Thyroid carcinoma's ability to metastasize to a paranasal sinus is documented now, and the list of tumors of the sinonasal tract are to be included in the differential diagnosis of epistaxis increases.
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PMID:Thyroid carcinoma and secondary malignancy of the sinonasal tract. 736 25

No reports of metastatic thyroid carcinoma in the maxillary, ethmoid, or sphenoid sinuses can be found in the literature. A woman with severe posterior epistaxis was examined recently. She had undergone a partial lobectomy for a thyroid tumor 16 years previously. Hemorrhagic thyroid tissue was in the maxillary sinus. The results of subsequent examinations indicated thyroid deposits in the lung and spine. The patient received radioactive iodine, 100 MCi. Her lung and spine deposits lysed, and she experienced no further epistaxis. Thyroid carcinoma's ability to metastasize to a paranasal sinus is documented here. Epistaxis after a thyroidectomy for cancer now must be considered an unusual clinical manifestation of metastatic spread, unless otherwise proved. The differential diagnosis of epistaxis must now include thyroid carcinoma metastatic to the sinonasal tract.
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PMID:Follicular adenocarcinoma of the thyroid in the maxillary sinus. 740 53

The follicular variant of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland is a commonly recognized, well-defined entity. However, primary mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the thyroid is rare, with only 21 cases reported. We describe a 29-year-old woman who presented with a mass in the right lobe of the thyroid. The tumor was classified as the follicular variant of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid with several foci of mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Both components were invading the capsule and had spread to regional lymph nodes. This is the first reported case in which both the papillary and mucoepidermoid carcinomas were present in the primary tumor and in the metastases.
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PMID:Composite follicular variant of papillary carcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the thyroid. Report of a case and review of the literature. 757 80


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