Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Plasma triiodothyronine (T3), reverse T3 (rT3), thyroxine (T4), total thyroid hormone-binding globulin (TBG) capacity, and serum albumin were assayed in patients with early and advanced breast and colonic cancer and in healthy women. Plasma T3 levels were reduced in both breast cancer group, but were reduced only in colonic cancer patients with systemic metastases. Plasma rT3 was normal in early cancer, but increased in nine of 38 (24%) with advanced breast cancer and four of 17 (24%) with metastatic colonic cancer; in consequence their rT3/T3 ratios were elevated. Plasma T4 concentrations were normal in all patient groups. Plasma TBG capacity was reduced in breast cancer patients with systemic metastases and a similar tendency occurred in metastatic colonic cancer. Levels of TBG were positively correlated with the serum albumin values. These changes were associated particularly with liver metastases.
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PMID:Plasma thyronine levels in carcinoma of the breast and colon. 678 87

Children with cancer are at high risk for major nutrition problems both from the tumor itself and from the treatment administered. Overt malnutrition is seen in as many as 17% of children with newly diagnosed localized tumors and 37% of those with metastatic disease. Weight loss in children with cancer is directly correlated with a poor nutritional status at the time of diagnosis and with a low serum albumin. Massive surgical resections are a common source of nutritional problems and are usually not indicated as primary therapy in children with cancer. Both radiotherapy and chemotherapy are associated with recognized acute and long-term complications which may have an impact upon the nutritional status of the child. The majority of childhood cancers are best managed by a multidisciplinary approach including limited surgery, irradiation, and chemotherapy. This combined modality approach requires careful management including monitoring for known sequelae such that optimistic cure rates can be achieved without compromising the nutritional status of a child with cancer.
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PMID:Effects of therapy on nutritional status of the pediatric cancer patient. 679 91

Although protein-energy malnutrition is common in the cancer patient, the efficacy of aggressive nutritional therapy is unclear. This study evaluates the effects of protein deficiency on tumor growth, response, and chemotherapy complications in primary and metastatic rat hepatoma. Seventy-two ACI rats (200-250 g) with implanted Morris hepatoma were divided into four groups (N = 18 for each group): 1, regular diet; 2, regular diet plus cyclophosphamide (CPM) (100 mg/kg/ip); 3, protein-free diet; and 4, protein-free diet + CPM. Forty additional rats in similar groups (5-8, ten in each group) underwent intravenous injection of 6 X 10(3) tumor cells to produce pulmonary metastases. Animals were assessed for survival, tumor size, serum albumin, number of pulmonary metastases, and hemorrhagic cystitis at 2 weeks. Survival was 50% in groups 4 and 8, and 100% in the others. Serum albumin was significantly lower in rats on protein free diets (2.59 +/- 0.37 vs 3.35 +/- 0.40 g%, P less than 0.01). Tumor volume was significantly reduced by CPM (26.0 +/- 4.2 cm3 vs 1.2 +/- 0.4 cm3, P less than 0.01). Protein-free diets resulted in lower total body weight, and reduced tumor volume without, but not with CPM (14 +/- 1.6 cm3 P less than 0.05, 1.1 +/- 0.3 cm3, P less than 0.05 vs above controls). CPM reduced the number of pulmonary metastases in regular diet groups (307.2 +/- 108.3 vs 36 +/- 11, P less than 0.01), while protein free diets did not significantly affect metastases, without or with CPM (251.7 +/- 71.4 and 22.3 +/- 12.4, P greater than 0.05 vs controls). Hemorrhagic cystitis was much more common in protein free groups compared to rats on regular diets (55 vs 11%, P less than 0.01). These data indicate that protein deficiency did not affect response to chemotherapy in a primary or metastatic rat hepatoma model. However, protein deficiency results in a significantly increased rate of mortality, weight loss, and hemorrhagic cystitis which may lead to delay or cessation of cancer therapy.
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PMID:The effect of protein deficiency on growth and response of primary and metastatic hepatoma. 684 9

The level of blood albumin fucose in healthy subjects and cases of non-tumor pathology and benign tumors of the uterus and ovaries was found to be I nmol of fucose/10 nmol of human serum albumin or lower, whereas in patients with malignant tumors of different localizations it was 4-7 times as high. The highest levels were recorded in patients with primary hepatic cancer and hepatic metastases. The test may be used in differential diagnosis of tumor lesions of different localization as well as for assessment of tumor progression.
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PMID:[Serum albumin fucose in cancer patients]. 689 Nov 43

Brown Norway (BN) rats were implanted twice with allogeneic (Lewis strain) Moloney sarcoma tumors (LM-2) and serum samples were assessed for Raji binding activity during primary and secondary tumor growth and rejection. Maximum Raji binding was observed 25 days after a primary tumor implant; thereafter, the binding activity decreased. Accelerated tumor rejection was observed after a second tumor implant and was associated with a 3-fold increase in serum Raji binding activity which remained elevated up to 40 days post-tumor implant. Raji binding activity in hyperimmune rats co-migrated with IgG in G-200 fractionated serum. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) revealed the presence of bovine serum albumin (BSA) on Raji cell membranes which reacted immunochemically with rabbit anti-BSA antiserum. Immunodiffusion studies revealed that sera from hyperimmune rats produced a precipitin band when reacted with Noniodet P-40 (NP-40) lysates of Raji cells and formed a line of identity with BSA.
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PMID:Detection of Raji binding activity in hyperimmune allogeneic tumor bearing sera associated with anti-BSA activity. 698 Jan 87

Participation of the host immune response in eradication of tumor by hyperthermia has been suspected for a long time. The effect of local tumor heating on the immunocompetence of rats bearing Mc7 sarcoma was studied. Following heat treatment of 1- to 1.5-ml foot tumors at 43 degrees for 2 hr, regression of primary tumors resulted in host cure (15 of 21; 71%), and this was accompanied by an increased skin response to both 3 M KCl extract of Mc7 and dinitrochlorobenzene as well as in elevation of antibody to bovine serum albumin. Animals that were cured by hyperthermia showed no sign of metastatic tumor in lymph nodes and lungs; most control animals at the time of heat treatment had secondary tumor deposits in lymph nodes and lungs. Tumor regression after curative heating did not occur in rats (0 to 10) treated by whole-body X-rays (150 R; 3 times) plus cortisone acetate (60 mg/kg; 4 times; s.c.), and the tumor cure rate was reduced (9 of 21; 43%) by blocking macrophage activity with silica (1 g/kg; i.v. and i.p.). Also, these rats (43%) succumbed to tumor challenge with 2.5 x 10(6) Mc7 cells; 50% of the heat-cured animals not given silica consistently rejected this challenge dose. The results imply that immunostimulation comprising mainly T-cells and macrophages plays a major part in tumor regression by hyperthermia.
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PMID:Participation of the immune system in regression of a rat Mc7 sarcoma by hyperthermia. 721 41

Explant cultures were initiated from adenocarcinoma of the small intestine in sheep and from various metastases. Several cell types grew, most being fibroblastic in nature. However, 2 cultures yielded mixed cells which arranged themselves into areas of epithelial-like cells surrounded by fibroblast-like cells and this pattern was consistent over 30 subcultures and several months of culturing. The epithelial-like cells were separated from the others by the use of a modified medium containing citrulline or by sedimentation through a bovine serum albumin solution. Various properties, including their growth rate in 5% and 0.5% serum, the absence of surface fibronectin and their ability to grow in semi-solid agar, indicated that they may represent carcinoma cells. Screening for virus production from these cells and all other explant cultures proved negative.
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PMID:Growth in culture of adenocarcinoma cells from the small intestine of sheep. 724 69

Variations of antithrombin III were studied in a non-randomized population of consecutive cancer cases admitted to a referral hospital. Differences between functional and immunologic assay were observed. Decreases were observed in both assays when compared to a population of hospitalized controls. Patients with cancer of the colon, ovary and prostate showed a deficiency of antithrombin III more frequently than other common tumors. When all tumor cases were subdivided into those in remission compared to those with metastases, a significant decrease in antithrombin III also could be shown. Metastases to the liver were strikingly common in cancer patients with decreased antithrombin III. In these patients, the decrease in antithrombin III could be statistically correlated with reduction in serum albumin.
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PMID:Antithrombin III profiles in malignancy, relationship primary tumors and metastatic sites. 730 88

Our experience of inserting 90 self-expanding metal endoprostheses in 77 patients with obstructive jaundice is described. All were inserted percutaneously. The longest metal endoprosthesis available was inserted where possible. For local economic reasons most patients had a normal serum albumin, and no evidence of metastases at presentation. Dilatation of biliary occlusions and strictures was not performed. Six re-interventions have been necessary because of tumour ingrowth or overgrowth. Serum bilirubin levels fell to normal in 98.7% of patients within 7 days of insertion. Self-expandable metal endoprostheses offer technical, psychological, physiological and anatomical advantages compared to other forms of palliation in biliary obstructions thought to be unsuitable for surgery. Furthermore, where stents have to be placed percutaneously because endoscopy is not possible, self-expanding metal endoprostheses should be used.
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PMID:Palliation of inoperable biliary obstruction with self-expanding metal endoprostheses: a review of 77 patients. 768 32

Interleukin-2 (IL-2)-based therapy induces a vascular leak syndrome (VLS), manifested by hypotension, tachycardia, and oliguria, as is also seen with septic shock. The optimal method for treating such VLS is not known. A prospective randomized trial was undertaken to compare crystalloid and colloid fluid resuscitation for patients receiving bolus IL-2-based therapy for metastatic cancer. All patients received maintenance crystalloid fluid administration and were randomized to receive crystalloid (0.9% normal saline) or colloid (5% human serum albumin) fluid boluses to maintain acceptable vital signs and urine output. Patients refractory to fluid boluses were given dopamine for oliguria and/or phenylephrine for hypotension. Of 107 patients who completed one cycle of therapy on study, 76 completed a full treatment course (two cycles) on study. The total number of saline and albumin fluid boluses given were 9.5 +/- 0.9 versus 7.7 +/- 0.7 (p = 0.36, n = 107) for the first cycle and 19.2 +/- 1.8 versus 16.1 +/- 1.6 (p = 0.33, n = 76) for a complete course, respectively. Although patients receiving saline boluses had significantly more oliguria during a course of therapy, weight gain, number of IL-2 doses, tachycardia, hypotension, vasopressor use, hospital stay, and clinical response rates did not significantly differ between arms. Changes in hematocrit, hemoglobin, protein, albumin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine were analyzed, and patients receiving crystalloid showed greater decreases in albumin (p < 0.0001) and total protein (p < 0.05) as expected. A 40-fold greater cost associated with albumin suggested that crystalloid resuscitation be used to treat the VLS associated with IL-2 therapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:A prospective randomized trial evaluating colloid versus crystalloid resuscitation in the treatment of the vascular leak syndrome associated with interleukin-2 therapy. 811 Jul 27


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