Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A series of 11 pituitary tumors in budgerigars were classified on the basis of their clinical, gross, microscopic, and immunohistochemical characteristics. Affected birds were young to middle-aged. Clinically, neurologic signs--including difficulties flying, ataxia, and blindness--were most commonly reported. Additional clinical signs included weight loss, abnormal feathers or molting, increased respiratory efforts, and exophthalmos. Nine birds were diagnosed with chromophobic pituitary adenomas, and 2 birds had chromophobic pituitary carcinomas. Only 1 tumor was delimited to the pituitary gland; the other 10 variably invaded the brain, skull, and retrobulbar space. Distant metastases were identified in 2 birds. All tumors were immunohistochemically strongly positive for growth hormone, consistent with the diagnosis of somatotroph tumors. The common occurrence and early onset may suggest a genetic predisposition of budgerigars to develop somatotroph pituitary tumors with a high incidence of local invasion and with metastatic potential.
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PMID:Somatotroph pituitary tumors in budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus). 2190 May 44

Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer mortality in men and the fourth most common in women. The most frequent location of distant metastases are: the pleura, liver, suprarenal gland, brain, bones, pericardium and subcutaneous tissue. Others locations of distant metastases are very rare. This case report presents a 61-year-old female patient treated with Cisplatin and Vinorelbin therapy for posterior segment of eyeballs metastases secondary to NSCLS. Fluorescein angiography, computed tomography with contrast intensification and magnetic resonance were compared during the 3-month treatment period. After the 4-rd cycle of chemiotherapy (Cisplatin and Vinorelbin) one elevated choroidal mass on the posterior wall in the superiotemporal quadrant of the right eyeball and one mass in the lower-inside quadrant of the left eyeball had completely disappeared. The retina and a retinal pigment epithelial layer were flattened. Combining Cisplatin and Vinorelbin was optimal treatment for our patient with intraocular metastasis of NSCLC. The first clinical symptom of nonsmall cell lung cancer was blindness. The described case confirms, that distant metastases of non-small cell lung cancer also occur in atypical places at be a cause of great diagnostic problems and can delay start of anticancer treatment.
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PMID:[Complete regression of eyeball metastasis secondary to non-small-cell lung cancer with Cisplatin and Vinorelbin therapy]. 2199 48

The patient in this case was a 72 year-old female with total blindness and dementia. We found a tumor in the recto-sigmoid colon, which had developed across the entire circumference. We performed a laparoscopic colectomy for advanced cancer. A Multi Flap Gate(MFG) was inserted through a 4 cm median incision above the umbilicus to protect the wound margin from bacteria and cancer cell implantation. Cytodiagnosis of ascites was negative. When we pulled the tumor out through MFG, a part of the tumor ruptured. Histopathological diagnosis was type 2, tub2, SS, ly1, v1, N0, M0, Stage II. Two years after the operation, a tumor was palpated at the umbilical region. We diagnosed it as an abdominal wall recurrence through imaging and cytological analysis of an aspiration biopsy. To prevent metastases to other parts of the body and decrease tumor size, chemotherapy with capecitabine was performed with careful monitoring. Since the tumor became smaller and there was no recurrence in other organs, an abdominal wall resection was performed. We carried out en block resection of the abdominal wall including the operative scar and the umbilicus part. We report a case of wound-site recurrence 2 years after laparoscopic colectomy for colon cancer.
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PMID:[A case report of wound-site recurrence two years after laparoscopic colectomy for colon cancer]. 2326 47

Male breast carcinoma is a rare entity that often goes undiagnosed until advanced stages. The authors describe the case of a patient with profound vision loss who was found to have bilateral choroidal metastases as well as advanced cerebral metastatic disease. Further medical work-up revealed widespread infiltrative ductal breast carcinoma. Given the presence of large occipital lobe lesions, the etiology of the patient's vision loss was thought to be cortical blindness. Prompt diagnosis and neurologic evaluation with this presentation is crucial because it can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality.
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PMID:Cortical blindness and choroidal metastases secondary to metastatic breast carcinoma in a male patient. 2341 Aug 13

Pituitary metastases have rarely been recorded in dogs, and to date, none of those reported have been of pancreatic origin. MRI findings are available for only one of those cases. Herein the authors present an 11 yr old English springer spaniel diagnosed with pituitary metastasis of pancreatic origin with a 24 hr history of blindness and only a single lesion on MRI. Neurologic and ophthalmologic examinations localized the lesion to the optic nerves, optic tracts, or optic chiasm. MRI showed a single lesion characterized by a well-circumscribed pituitary mass with extrasellar extension, causing compression of the optic chiasm. Signal intensity was unusual as enhancement could not be appreciated after contrast administration. The dog was euthanized without further diagnostic tests. Histopathologic examination revealed a poorly differentiated exocrine pancreatic carcinoma with widespread metastasis involving the pituitary gland. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first such case reported in a dog. Pituitary metastases should be included as a differential diagnosis for dogs presenting with acute-onset blindness and for single brain masses affecting the pituitary gland.
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PMID:Pituitary metastasis of pancreatic origin in a dog presenting with acute-onset blindness. 2405 Dec 61

There are a multitude of diseases that commonly affect both the skin and the eye. Part II of this 2-part series reviews the oculocutaneous manifestations of neoplasms, both benign and malignant, and adverse drug reactions affecting the skin and the eye. Though rare, a number of neoplasms that primarily involve the skin, such as melanoma and basal cell carcinoma, can metastasize to the eye, leading to permanent damage if not properly treated. In addition, periocular neoplasms can irritate the conjunctiva and lid, reducing a patient's ability to see clearly. Neoplastic diseases, such as xeroderma pigmentosum, Sturge-Weber syndrome, and multiple myeloma, can also lead to permanent changes in the eye if not discovered and managed promptly. Furthermore, there are a multitude of drugs, including those commonly used by dermatologists, which can result in permanent damage to the eye. With proper knowledge of the ocular manifestations and treatment recommendations described in this 2-part series, dermatologists with the assistance of their ophthalmology colleagues can help avoid the complications, including permanent blindness, associated with infectious, inflammatory, genetic, neoplastic, and drug-related conditions.
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PMID:The spectrum of oculocutaneous disease: Part II. Neoplastic and drug-related causes of oculocutaneous disease. 2559 49

Intraocular choroidal metastasis is a very rare cause of blindness. Carcinoma of breast is the most common primary malignancy the accounts for choroidal metastasis in females. Other primary neoplasms which can uncommonly metastasize to the choroid are gastrointestinal tract, thyroid, pancreas, prostate and testis. Metastatic neoplasm to the eye outnumbers the primary tumors such as retinoblastoma and malignant melanoma. We present a case of sudden loss of vision due to breast cancer metastasis to the eyeball. The interval between the diagnosis of the primary tumor and the choroidal metastasis was 4 years.
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PMID:Sudden loss of vision due to breast cancer metastasis to the eyeball. 2503 5

A 47-year-old woman presented with a medial orbital tumor initially diagnosed as either a myxoid neurofibroma or myoepithelioma. Over 30 years the tumor recurred seven times and was serially debulked. Careful histopathologic analysis coupled with immunohistochemical studies performed on the last two biopsies established the rare diagnosis of a locally aggressive angiomyxoma (because of its local infiltrative growth) with myofibroblastic features (smooth muscle actin and calponin positivity and desmin negativity). The last recurrence manifested at a shorter interval than the earlier ones, suggesting an accelerating clinical course. By this late stage there was complete blindness, a frozen globe, and extreme, unmeasurable proptosis accompanied by massive chemosis and eyelid fullness. An exenteration was performed, and the orbital contents contained a persistent angiomyxoma, but additionally, another cellular population had emerged-mitotically active cells with a malignant rhabdoid phenotype (round shape, cytoplasmic hyaline/globoid inclusions composed of whorls of compact vimentin filaments as well as epithelial membrane antigen and focal cytokeratin positivity). This is the first orbital case of a rhabdoid transformation of a benign orbital mesenchymal tumor. Shortly after the exenteration, multifocal metastases, notably to the lungs, were found, leading to the introduction of chemotherapy, which was discontinued because of non-responsiveness of the tumor and patient intolerance. After 1 year of follow up, the patient is still alive, but has persistent active disease with widespread metastases and a guarded prognosis.
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PMID:Malignant rhabdoid transformation of a longstanding, aggressive, and recurrent orbital angiomyxoma. 2559 60

Sebaceous carcinoma is a malignancy arising in the periocular region that can lead to blindness and tumor-related metastases. This study is a review of published literature and personal experience. This malignancy can arise from the sebaceous units in the tarsus (meibomian glands), in association with the cilia (Zeis glands), in the brow, and in the caruncle. There is a tendency for diffuse intraepithelial growth (pagetoid spread) that can be clinically invisible. Detection before lymph node metastasis is critical. This malignancy often masquerades as chronic unilateral conjunctivitis or blepharitis, typically in older patients. Management includes a 2-step approach with step 1 focused on eyelid and conjunctival map biopsies to determine the full extent of solid deep tumor and pagetoid spread. After complete review of all biopsies, step 2 is performed using local resection for all deep tumor, cryotherapy to pagetoid disease, and reconstruction. In most cases, the posterior lamella of eyelid is sacrificed with tumor removal, whereas the anterior lamella of the eyelid can be saved. After removal and cryotherapy, immediate reconstruction, using clean instruments, with buccal membrane graft for the posterior lamella and skin flap for the anterior lamella, is developed. For persistent or recurrent pagetoid disease, cryotherapy, topical mitomycin C, or plaque radiotherapy is provided. Exenteration is sometimes necessary. Sebaceous carcinoma, if detected early, can be managed with carefully planned map biopsy to determine tumor extent, followed by local resection, cryotherapy, and eyelid reconstruction. Orbital exenteration is occasionally necessary.
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PMID:Sebaceous Carcinoma of the Ocular Region: The 2014 Professor Winifred Mao Lecture. 2614 13

Loss of vision due to eye metastasis is generally uncommon, representing an ophthalmological diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. We here report a case of a smoker patient finally diagnosed with lung cancer, whose initial symptom was visual loss due to choroidal metastasis. Given that the majority of subjects presenting with uveal metastasis have already developed other distant metastases as well, a complete diagnostic work-up of these patients is always required. Despite being rare, eye metastasis from a lung malignancy should always be suspected in smokers presenting with progressive vision deterioration.
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PMID:An uncommon cause of progressive visual loss in a heavy smoker. 2666 48


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